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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 2893:1989 Specification for Chemical preparations for portable and transportable chemical closets (excluding those for use in aircrafts) UDC 615.28:628.42 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 02:57:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 2893:1989 This
2、British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Disinfectants Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 31 July 1989 BSI 09-1999 First published September 1957 First revision July 1989 The following BSI references relate to
3、the work on this standard: Committee reference DIC/1 Draft for comment 87/52832 DC ISBN 0 580 168026 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Disinfectants Standards Committee (DIC/-) to Technical Committee DIC/1, upon which the f
4、ollowing bodies were represented: Association of District Councils British Association for Chemical Specialities Caravan Club Chemical Industries Association Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Department of Trade and Industry (Laboratory of the Government Chemist) Institution of Environmental Health O
5、fficers Society of Chemical Industry Water Authorities Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issueComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 02:57:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 2893:1989 BSI 09-1999i Contents Page Committees responsib
6、leInside front cover Forewordii 1Scope1 2Definitions1 3Antimicrobial value1 4Colour stability1 5Stability before dilution1 6Stability after dilution1 7Flash point1 8Compatibility with closet materials1 9Marking and labelling1 Appendix A Recommendations for properties of the product that cannot be sp
7、ecified objectively2 Appendix B Method of test for antimicrobial value2 Appendix C Method of test for colour stability5 Appendix D Method of test for stability after dilution5 Appendix E Method for determination of compatibility with closet materials5 Table 1 Examples of growth pattern5 Table 2 Test
8、 solutions5 Publications referred toInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 02:57:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 2893:1989 ii BSI 09-1999 Foreword This revision of this British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Disinfectants Stan
9、dards Committee. It supersedes BS 2893:1957, which is withdrawn. The chemical preparations usually contain biocidal ingredients, colouring and wetting agents and may contain re-odourizing agents for masking odours and are intended to be used in one or more of the following types of closet: a) non-fl
10、ushing closets; b) flushing closets of the non-recirculating type; c) flushing closets of the recirculating type; including those complying with BS 2081, except for closets used on board aircraft. The main changes introduced in this revision are: 1) the biological efficacy of the preparations is spe
11、cified in terms of performance rather than compositional requirements; 2) the attributes that cannot be specified objectively have been transferred to Appendix A. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for
12、 their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated
13、 (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 02:57:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 2893:1989 BSI 09-19991 1 Scope This British Standard
14、specifies performance requirements for chemical preparations for use in portable and transportable chemical closets, except for closets used in aircraft. NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this standa
15、rd, the definitions listed in BS 5283 apply, together with the following. 2.1 product the chemical preparation as marketed by the manufacturer or supplier NOTEChemical preparations are hereafter referred to as “the product” 2.2 prime dilution the highest recommended concentration when first charging
16、 the chemical closet with product and water NOTEThis is often referred to as prime charge. 2.3 maximum dilution the minimum concentration of the product recommended by the supplier NOTEThe maximum dilution is normally expressed in relation to maximum working capacity of a closet 3 Antimicrobial valu
17、e The product at 60 % of its maximum dilution shall have an antimicrobial value at least equivalent to a 0.6 g/L solution of formaldehyde, i.e. shall pass the test described in Appendix B. 4 Colour stability The colour of the preparation at maximum dilution shall not discolour or break down after be
18、ing kept for 72 1 h at pH 3 0.5 and at pH 11 0.5, when tested in accordance with the method described in Appendix C. 5 Stability before dilution Two separate samples of the preparation, after standing for three months at 5 2 C and 30 2 C respectively, shall still meet all the requirements of this st
19、andard. The samples under examination shall be stored in the original, sealed and unopened retail containers. The samples shall be stored so that they are not exposed to direct sunlight or to localized overheating. 6 Stability after dilution Solutions of the product at prime dilution and at maximum
20、dilution in both deionized water and standard hard water shall not break up or separate when left standing for 72 1 h at 5 2 C and at 30 2 C when tested in accordance with the method described in Appendix D. 7 Flash point A prime dilution of the product shall have a flashpoint not lower than 65 C, w
21、hen tested by the method described in BS 2000-34. NOTEThe test procedure need not be completed if the flashpoint has not been reached at 65 C. 8 Compatibility with closet materials The product shall not cause any perceivable deterioration of the materials of construction of those types of closet com
22、plying with BS 2081 for which the supplier recommends the product when tested in accordance with the method described in Appendix E. 9 Marking and labelling The retail container of the product shall be marked with, or shall have attached to it a label bearing the following: a) full details of the ty
23、pe(s) of closet for which use of the product is recommended; b) instructions for safe handling of the product (including an instruction not to mix with other chemicals) and for safe and environmentally acceptable procedures for discharging the mixture of diluted product and soil from the closet; c)
24、instructions for preparing the prime dilution and information on the maximum dilution recommended by the supplier and its relationship to maximum working capacity of the closet; d) instructions for safe storage of the product; e) the number and date of this British Standard, i.e. BS 2893:19881). 1)
25、Marking BS 2893:1988 on or in relation to a product represents a manufacturers or suppliers declaration of conformity, i.e. a claim by or on behalf of the manufacturer that the product meets the requirements of the standard. The accuracy of the claim is therefore solely the responsibility of the per
26、son making the claim. Such a declaration is not to be confused with third party certification of conformity, which may also be desirable. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 02:57:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 2893:1989 2 BSI 09-1999 Appendix A Recommendations f
27、or properties of the product that cannot be specified objectively A.1 Introduction This appendix describes properties that should be present in the product but that are not specified objectively. Inclusion of corresponding requirements in clause 3 would therefore not result in a specification with w
28、hich compliance could with confidence be claimed, challenged or determined. Suppliers should normally ensure that their products possess these properties to the necessary degree and should formulate the products accordingly on the basis of experience and users views. A.2 Colour A.2.1 The product sho
29、uld contain sufficient colour, preferably blue or green shades, to mask organic waste and indicate a chemically charged toilet. A.2.2 In the case of products recommended for use in non-flushing closets without a covered waste container, the product even at maximum dilution should contain sufficient
30、colouring matter to obscure from sight submerged excreta and paper. A.2.3 In the case of products recommended for use in flushing closets of the recirculating type, the diluted product should contain sufficient colouring matter, or alternatively decolourizing material, to ensure that the flush is al
31、ways of an acceptable appearance. A.3 Odour The diluted product should be free from objectionable odour. A.4 Deodorant or reodorant action The diluted product should remove or mask malodours rapidly and effectively from human excreta and leave an acceptable level of odour in the closet. A.5 Gas prev
32、ention The diluted product should prevent the release of obnoxious or explosive gases from human excreta. A.6 Effects on skin and mucous membranes In the case of products recommended for use in non-flushing toilets without covered waste containers, the diluted product should be non-injurious to the
33、skin and mucous membranes. A.7 Cleansing The composition of the diluted product should facilitate rinsing out of the waste container after emptying. A.8 Period of effectiveness In use, the diluted product, if not further dilute and if all the solid material is fully submerged, should retain effectiv
34、ely the properties described in A.2 to A.7 inclusive for at least 3 days at temperatures of 5 2 C and 30 20 C. Appendix B Method of test for antimicrobial value B.1 Principle A challenge culture is mixed with a fixed amount of yeast suspension. This mixture constitutes a challenge medium which is th
35、en added in a specified amount to a specific dilution of the product under test; further additions are made after 24 h and 48 h. After contact times of 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, aliquot portions are taken and placed in tubes containing inactivator. After 5 min, aliquot portions are taken from these tubes
36、 and placed in five replicate tubes of recovery broth and are incubated at 37 C for 48 h and then examined for growth. The procedure is repeated using a fixed amount of formaldehyde solution in place of the solution under test, as a check. NOTE 1The overall result is determined using information obt
37、ained for product contact times of 24 h and 48 h only. This method makes reference to a product contact time of 72 h and the procedure relating to this contact time may be omitted. However, operators often find it useful to apply the method, as described, especially as contact times of 24 h, 48 h an
38、d 72 h apply for the formaldehyde test dilution. NOTE 2This method is based on that described in BS 6905 but differs with regard to contact times and comparison of product performance with that of a solution of 0.6 g/L formaldehyde. Operators may find it useful to read BS 6905. B.2 Sterilization Rea
39、gents, media, materials and apparatus shall be sterilized by being kept at either: a) 170 C to 175 C for not less than 1 h in an oven (dry sterilization2); or b) 121 1 C for not less than 15 min in an autoclave (wet sterilization). Manipulation of sterile material and of bacterial cultures shall be
40、carried out aseptically. B.3 Reagents and materials B.3.1 General. All reagents shall be of recognized biological or analytical grade and distilled water or water otherwise produced shall comply with BS 3978. All solutions and media shall be freshly prepared. 2) This method is suitable for dry glass
41、ware only. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 02:57:03 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 2893:1989 BSI 09-19993 B.3.2 Hard water. Dissolve 0.305 g of anhydrous calcium chloride and 0.139 g of magnesium chloride hexahydrate in water and dilute to 1 000 mL with water. S
42、terilize in accordance with B.2. NOTEThe water has a value of 342 mg/L hardness. B.3.3 Recovery medium. Using a pipette or an automatic dispenser (4.2.2), dispense standard strength Oxoid Nutrient No. 2 broth3), containing 30 g/L of Tween 803), into test tubes in 10 mL aliquot portions and sterilize
43、 in accordance with B.2. Each test requires 30 such tubes. B.3.4 Solid culture medium. Prepare Oxoid Nutrient Agar3) in accordance with the manufacturers instructions and sterilize in accordance with B.2. B.3.5 Test organism. Escherichia coli NCTC 8196. NOTEThis organism has been categorized by the
44、Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens as a hazard group 2 pathogen and work with viable material should be conducted according to their recommendations for containment level 2. B.3.6 Yeast suspension. Prepare a yeast suspension containing 50 g/L calculated on a dry mass basis as described in 5.5
45、 of BS 808:1986, but using the hard water (B.3.2) in place of water complying with BS 3978. B.3.7 Inactivator solution. Dissolve 20 g of egg lecithin and 30 mL of a 10 % (m/m) approximately, aqueous solution of Lubrol W3) and dilute to 1 000 mL with water. Dispense into test tubes in 9 mL aliquot po
46、rtions and sterilize in accordance with B.2. Each test requires six such tubes. B.3.8 Ringers solution, quarter strength. Use freshly prepared solution. Dissolve 9.00 g of sodium chloride, 0.42 g of potassium chloride, 0.24 g of anhydrous calcium chloride and 0.20 g of sodium hydrogen carbonate in w
47、ater and dilute to 1 000 mL with water. Add one volume of this solution to three volumes of water to give a quarter-strength solution. Dispense 9 mL aliquot portions into sterile universal container culture bottles (B.4.2.3) and sterilize in accordance with B.2. NOTETablets are commercially availabl
48、e. B.3.9 Liquid growth medium. Standard strength Oxoid Nutrient No. 2. B.3.10 Formaldehyde solution of known concentration. NOTEAnalytical grade formaldehyde solution contains 37 % to 41 % (V/V) formaldehyde and 10 % to 14 % (V/V) methanol as a stabilizer. It is necessary to know the exact concentra
49、tion to prepare the test dilution (see B.7.2). The concentration may be measured using the method described in BS 2942. B.4 Apparatus B.4.1 General. The apparatus shall be sterile (see B.2) and scrupulously clean before use. B.4.2 Ordinary microbiological apparatus B.4.2.1 Micropipetter, high precision, adjusted to dispense accurately 200 4L, with sterile tips suitable for use with the micropipetter. B.4.2.2 Graduated pipettes, capable of delivering 2 mL, 6 mL and 9 mL, and complying with class B of BS 700-1, or an automatic dispenser cap