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1、AS 2228.11992 Australian Standard Spectacles Part 1: Spectacle lenses Title allocated by Defence Cataloguing Authority: SPECTACLE LENSES NSC 6450 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 14 Feb 2008 This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee MS/24, Ophthalmic Optics. It was approved on b
2、ehalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 15 May 1992 and published on 17 August 1992. The following interests are represented on Committee MS/24: Australian Association of Dispensing Opticians Australian Chamber of Commerce Australian Medical Devices and Diagnostics Association Australian Opto
3、metrical Association Confederation of Australian Industry Guild of Dispensing Opticians Macquarie University Optical Distributors and Manufacturers Association of Australia Queensland University of Technology Royal Australian College of Ophthalmologists Victorian College of Optometry University of N
4、ew South Wales Review of Australian Standards. To keep abreast of progress in industry, Australian Standards are subject to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new editions as necessary. It is important therefore that Standards users ensure that they are in possessi
5、on of the latest edition, and any amendments thereto. Full details of all Australian Standards and related publications will be found in the Standards Australia Catalogue of Publications; this information is supplemented each month by the magazine The Australian Standard, which subscribing members r
6、eceive, and which gives details of new publications, new editions and amendments, and of withdrawn Standards. Suggestions for improvements to Australian Standards, addressed to the head office of Standards Australia, are welcomed. Notification of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in an Australian St
7、andard should be made without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken. This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 91075. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 14 Feb 2008 AS 2228.11992 Australian Standard Spectacles Part 1: Spectacle lense
8、s First published as AS T411969. Redesignated AS 22281978. Revised and redesignated AS 2228.11992. PUBLISHED BY STANDARDS AUSTRALIA (STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA) 1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140 ISBN 0 7262 7590 5 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 14 Feb 2008 AS 2228.119922 PREFA
9、CE This Standard was prepared by the Standards Australia Committee on Ophthalmic Optics as a complete revision of AS 22281978, Spectacle lenses. This Standard is now divided into two parts. Part 1 gives separate consideration to semi-finished lens blanks, finished stock lenses and surfaced, edged an
10、d mounted lenses, and separate optical and geometrical tolerances for each type are given. Part 2 contains the basic requirements for unglazed spectacle frames, and includes performance requirements, testing requirements, a method of frame measurement and specifications for frame marking. During the
11、 preparation of this Standard, the following documents were referred to: BS 2738Tolerances on optical properties of mounted spectacle lenses 3062Ophthalmic lens materials 3521Glossary of terms relating to ophthalmic lenses and spectacle frames Part 1: Glossary relating to ophthalmic lenses ISO 8980O
12、phthalmic opticsFinished single-vision corrective lenses 8980-1Part 1: General requirements 10322Ophthalmic optics; Semi-finished lens blanks 10322-1Part 1: Specifications for single vision and multifocal lens blanks 10322-2Part 2: Specifications for progressive power lens blanks ASTM D 3359Standard
13、 methods for measuring adhesion by tape test Acknowledgment is made of the assistance received from these sources. CopyrightSTANDARDS AUSTRALIA Users of Standards are reminded that copyright subsists in all Standards Australia publications and software. Except where the Copyright Act allows and exce
14、pt where provided for below no publications or software produced by Standards Australia may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system in any form or transmitted by any means without prior permission in writing from Standards Australia. Permission may be conditional on an appropriate royalty paymen
15、t. Requests for permission and information on commercial software royalties should be directed to the head office of Standards Australia. Standards Australia will permit up to 10 percent of the technical content pages of a Standard to be copied for use exclusively in-house by purchasers of the Stand
16、ard without payment of a royalty or advice to Standards Australia. Standards Australia will also permit the inclusion of its copyright material in computer software programs for no royalty payment provided such programs are used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs. Care should be ta
17、ken to ensure that material used is from the current edition of the Standard and that it is updated whenever the Standard is amended or revised. The number and date of the Standard should therefore be clearly identified. The use of material in print form or in computer software programs to be used c
18、ommercially, with or without payment, or in commercial contracts is subject to the payment of a royalty. This policy may be varied by Standards Australia at any time. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 14 Feb 2008 3AS 2228.11992 CONTENTS Page SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL 1.1SCOPE. . . . . .
19、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 1.2APPLICATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 1.3REFERENCED DOCUMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
20、 1.4DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 SECTION 2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SEMI-FINISHED LENS BLANKS 2.1MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 2.2OPTICAL TOLERANCES . . .
21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 2.3GEOMETRIC TOLERANCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 SECTION 3GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FINISHED UNCUT LENSES 3.1MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22、 . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 3.2OPTICAL TOLERANCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 3.3GEOMETRIC TOLERANCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 3.4SEGMENT TOLERANCES FOR MULTIFOCALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、 . . . . . . . .10 SECTION 4 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR EDGED LENSES AND MOUNTED LENSES 4.1MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 4.2OPTICAL TOLERANCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 4.3GEOMETRI
24、C TOLERANCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 4.4CONFORMITY WITH ORDER OR PRESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 SECTION 5 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS 5.1PHOTOCHROMIC MATERIALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、14 5.2TINTED LENSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 5.3ULTRAVIOLET PROTECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 5.4INFRA-RED PROTECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26、. . . . . . .14 5.5LENSES FOR USE IN EYE PROTECTORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 5.6ANTI-REFLECTION PROPERTIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 5.7SURFACE COATINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、. . . . .15 SECTION 6 MARKING AND IDENTIFICATION 6.1MARKING OF LENS BLANKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 6.2ADDITIONAL MARKING OF MULTIFOCAL LENS BLANKS . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 6.3ADDITIONAL MARKING OF PROGRESSIVE POWER LENS BLANKS. . . . .16 6.4MARKIN
28、G OF FINISHED UNCUT LENSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 6.5MARKING OF FINISHED MULTIFOCAL LENSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 6.6MARKING OF FINISHED PROGRESSIVE POWER LENSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 6.7INFORMATION FROM THE MANUFACTURER . . . . . . . . . .
29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 APPENDICES ALENS POWER MEASUREMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 BMETHOD OF INSPECTION FOR MATERIAL AND SURFACE QUALITY. . . .19 CLENS FLAMMABILITY TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 DMETH
30、OD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF SURFACE POWER VARIATION . .21 EMETHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF LUMINOUS TRANSMITTANCE OF PHOTOCHROMIC LENS MATERIALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 FMETHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF FATIGUE OF PHOTOCHROMIC LENS MATERIALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 GADHESION TEST FOR SURFACE COATINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 HCHEMICAL STABILITY TEST FOR SURFACE COATINGS. . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 ITHERMAL STABILITY TEST FOR SURFACE COATINGS . . . . . . . . . . . .
32、 . . .27 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 14 Feb 2008 AS 2228.119924 STANDARDS AUSTRALIA Australian Standard Spectacles Part 1: Spectacle lenses SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL 1.1SCOPEThis Standard specifies requirements for all types of ophthalmic lenses for spectacles, both before and aft
33、er laboratory processing and mounting into frames. Finished spectacles, commonly known as ready made or magnifying spectacles which are sold over the counter without a prescription are covered by this Standard, even though the use of such spectacles is strongly discouraged. NOTES: 1Requirements for
34、spectacle frames are given in AS 2228.2. 2This Standard does not apply to non-prescription sunglasses (which are covered by AS 1067, Parts 1 and 2), non-prescription protective eyewear (which are covered by AS 1337) or to contact lenses (which are covered by AS 1887) or intra-ocular lenses. 1.2APPLI
35、CATIONLenses shall comply with the requirements of the following Sections as applicable, depending upon their type and stage of processing: (a)Semi-finished lens blanks: Section 2. (b) Finished uncut lenses: Section 3. (c)Edged lenses and mounted lenses: Section 4. (d) Special requirements for lense
36、s: Section 5. 1.3REFERENCED DOCUMENTSThe following documents are referred to in this Standard: AS 1067Sunglasses and fashion spectacles 1067.1Part 1: Safety requirements 1067.2Part 2: Performance requirements 1336Recommended practices for eye protection in the industrial environment 1337Eye protecto
37、rs for industrial applications 1887Contact lenses 2228Spectacles 2228.2Part 2: Spectacle frames 1.4DEFINITIONSFor the purposes of this Standard, the definitions below apply. 1.4.1Addition powerthe difference in a multifocal or progressive power lens between the powers of the distance portion and the
38、 near portion. Often thought of as the power of a converging spherical lens which is superimposed on a distance prescription to provide clear vision at a near viewing distance. Appendix A describes the method of measurement of addition power. 1.4.2Aspheric surfaceliterally means non-spherical surfac
39、e, but its use in ophthalmic optics is usually restricted to surfaces having non-circular sections in all meridians. It does not include toric surfaces, but does include all surfaces of revolution other than spheres and includes the variable surface of progressive lenses. 1.4.3Astigmatic lensa lens
40、which forms two separate line foci at right angles.One of these focal lines may be at infinity. Astigmatic lenses are sometimes referred to as toric, compound, cylindrical or spherocylindrical. 1.4.4Astigmatic powerthe difference between the powers of an astigmatic lens in the two principal meridian
41、s. 1.4.5Back surfacethe surface of a spectacle lens closer to the eye. 1.4.6Back vertexthe point at which the optical axis intersects the back surface. 1.4.7Back vertex powerthe reciprocal of the distance from the back vertex of a lens in air to the paraxial focus for parallel light incident on the
42、front surface. The SI unit for power is the reciprocal metre (m1), commonly referred to as the dioptre. The symbol D is often used for lens power and is used in this document to mean m1. Since lens power varies with wavelength it is normally specified for the helium d-line at 587.6 nm or the mercury
43、 e-line at 546.1 nm. COPYRIGHT Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 14 Feb 2008 5AS 2228.11992 1.4.8Base curvefor semi-finished lens blanks the base curve is the power of the finished surface. The manufacturer usually specifies only a nominal base curve which is chosen from various processin
44、g considerations, and this may differ from the true or actual base curve which is needed for optical calculations by 0.50 D or more. For astigmatic surfaces the base curve is the power in the flattest meridian. 1.4.9Boxed centre (geometrical centre, mechanical centre)the intersection of the horizont
45、al and vertical centre-lines of the reference box which circumscribes the lens (see Figure 1.1). 1.4.10Carrier curvea discrete region around the periphery of a lens surface which has a lower surface power than the central region. This is included to reduce lens thickness or to simplify lens processi
46、ng. LEGEND: a=horizontal lens size b=vertical lens size c=boxed centre FIGURE 1.1 REFERENCE BOX SYSTEM FOR LENSES 1.4.11Distance reference pointthat point on a lens or lens blank at which the manufacturer designates that the design specifications for the distance portion shall apply. For an uncut no
47、n-prismatic single vision or multifocal lens or lens blank it is assumed to be the geometric centre unless otherwise stated. For an edged non-prismatic single vision or multifocal lens it is located at the optical centre. For a single vision lens it may be used as a reference point regardless of whe
48、ther the lens is to be used for distance or near vision. For a progressive lens or lens blank it is that point at which the manufacturer designates that the design specification for the refractive power of the distance portion shall apply. 1.4.12Distance visual pointthe point at which the line of si
49、ght intersects a lens when viewing a distant object. 1.4.13Dividing linethe edge of a multifocal lens segment across which the wearers line of sight passes in moving from distance to near vision. 1.4.14Edged lensa lens which has been cut or ground to the size and shape required for fitting to a spectacle frame. 1.4.15Finishedstock lensa lens of single vision, multifocal orprogressive type for which both front and back optical surfaces are factory finished, and which is intended to be held in stock prior to cutting or edging to the final size and shape an