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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 3680-3B: 1997 ISO 1100-1: 1996 Measurement of liquid flow in open channels Part 3: Stream flow measurement Part 3B: Guide for the establishment and operation of a gauging station ICS 17.120.20 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 03:54:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontr
2、olled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3680-3B:1997 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Electrotechnical Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 February 1997 BSI 11-1999 First published February 1983 Second edition Februa
3、ry 1997 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference CPL/113 Draft for comment 92/04142 DC ISBN 0 580 26626 5 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee CPL/113, Flow measurem
4、ent of surface and ground water, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Hydrological Society British Waterways Board Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management Department of the Environment (Water and Land Directorate) Environment Agency Institution of Civil Engin
5、eers Water Services Association of England and Wales The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard through subcommittees and panels: GAMBICA Water Research Centre Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov
6、 29 03:54:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3680-3B:1997 BSI 11-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover National forewordii 1Scope1 2Normative references1 3Definitions1 4Units of measurement1 5Stage-discharge gauging stations (natural channels)2 6Direct discharge-
7、gauging stations11 7Measurement of stage and discharge under particular conditions13 8Compilation of records15 Annex A (informative) Bibliography19 List of referencesInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 03:54:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3680-3
8、B:1997 ii BSI 11-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CPL/113 and is identical with ISO 1100-1:1996 Measurement of liquid flow in open channels Part 1: Establishment and operation of a gauging station, published by the International Organization for S
9、tandardization. It supersedes BS 3680-3B:1983 which is withdrawn. This revision of BS 3680-3B was prepared in order to bring the techniques and equipment described up to date. As a Guide, this British Standard takes the form of guidance and recommendations. It should not be quoted as if it were a sp
10、ecification and particular care should be taken to ensure that claims of compliance are not misleading. This standard is one of a series on measurement of liquid flow in open channels. The Parts of BS 3680 are as follows: Part 1: Glossary of terms; Part 2: Dilution methods; Part 3: Stream flow measu
11、rement; Part 4: Weirs and flumes; Part 5: Slope area method of estimation; Part 6: Measurement of flow in tidal channels; Part 7: The measurement of liquid level (stage); Part 8: Measuring instruments and equipment; Part 9: Water level instruments; Part 10: Sediment transport; Part 11: Free surface
12、flow in closed conduits. BS 3680-3 is a series on stream flow measurement as follows. Part 3A: Velocity-area methods; Part 3B: Guide for the establishment and operation of a gauging station; Part 3C: Methods for determination of the stage-discharge relation; Part 3D: Moving boat method; Part 3E: Mea
13、surement of discharge by the ultrasonic (acoustic) method; Part 3F: Collection and processing of data for determination of errors in measurement; Part 3G: General guidelines for the selection of methods; Part 3J: Guide to the measurement of discharge using three verticals; Part 3M: Guide to the meth
14、ods of measuring high discharges in rivers. Cross-references International StandardCorresponding British Standard Normative references ISO 31:1992 (all Parts)BS 5775 Specification for quantities, units and symbols (All Parts identical) ISO 748:1979aBS 3680 Measurement of liquid flow in open channels
15、 Part 3 Stream flow measurement Part 3A:1980 Velocity area methods (Identical) a Reference in the ISO text is to the revised edition currently in preparation, which it is envisaged will be implemented as a British Standard. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 03:54:29 GMT+00:00 20
16、06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3680-3B:1997 BSI 11-1999iii International StandardCorresponding British Standard ISO 1000:1992BS 5555:1993 Specification for SI units and recommendations for the use of their multiples and of certain other units (Identical) BS 3680 Measurement of liquid flow in open
17、 channels ISO 1070:1992Part 5:1992 Slope area method of estimation (Identical) ISO 1100-2:1982Part 3 Stream flow measurement Part 3C:1983 Methods for determination of the stage-discharge relation (Identical) ISO 3454:1983Part 8 Measuring instruments and equipment Part 8B:1983 Recommendation for dire
18、ct depth sounding and suspension equipment (Identical) Part 4 Weirs and flumes ISO 3846:1989Part 4E:1990 Rectangular broadcrested weirs (Identical) ISO 4360:1984Part 4B:1986 Triangular profile weirs (Identical) ISO 4369:1979Part 3 Stream flow measurement Part 3D:1980 Moving boat method (Identical) I
19、SO 4375:1979Part 8 Measuring instruments and equipment Part 8D:1980 Cableway system for stream gauging (Identical) ISO 4377:1990Part 4 Weirs and flumes Part 4G:1990 Flat-V weirs (Identical) ISO 6416:1992Part 3 Stream flow measurement Part 3E:1993 Measurement of discharge by the ultrasonic (acoustic)
20、 method (Identical) ISO 8368:1985Part 4 Weirs and flumes Part 4H:1986 Guide to the selection of flow gauging structures (Identical) ISO 9213:1992Part 3 Stream flow management Part 3H:1993 Electromagnetic method using a full-channel-width coil (Identical) Part 2 Dilution methods ISO 9555-1:1994Part 2
21、A:1995 General (Identical) ISO 9555-2:1992Part 2B:1993 Methods of measurement using radioactive tracers (Identical) ISO 9555-3:1992Part 2C:1993 Methods of measurement using chemical tracers (Identical) Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 03:54:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy,
22、 (c) BSI BS 3680-3B:1997 iv BSI 11-1999 The Technical Committee has reviewed the provisions of ISO 772:19881), ISO 3847:1977, ISO 4359:1983, ISO 4373:1995, ISO/TR 9123:1986 and ISO 9196:1992, to which normative reference is made in the text, and has decided that they are acceptable for use in conjun
23、ction with this standard. ISO 9555-4:1992Part 2D:1993 Methods of measurement using fluorescent tracers (Identical) Informative references ISO 1088:1985Part 3 Stream flow measurement Part 3F:1986 Collection and processing of data for determination of errors of measurement (Identical) ISO 1438-1:1980P
24、art 4 Weirs and flumes Part 4A:1981 Method using thin-plate weirs (Technically equivalent) Part 8 Measuring instruments and equipment ISO 2537:1988Part 8A:1989 Current meters incorporating a rotating element (Identical) ISO 3455:1976Part 8C:1980 Calibration of rotating element current-meters in stra
25、ight open tanks (Identical) Part 10 Sediment transport ISO 43631)Part 10B:1980 Measurement of suspended sediment (Identical) ISO 43641)Part 10C:1980 Bed material sampling (Identical) ISO 51681)BS 5844:1980 Methods of measurement of fluid flow: estimation of uncertainty of a flow-rate measurement (Id
26、entical) BS 7118 Measurement of fluid flow: assessment of uncertainty in the calibration and use of flow measurement devices ISO 7066-11)Part 1:1990 Linear calibration relationships (Identical) ISO 7066-2:1988Part 2:1989 Non-linear calibration relationships (Identical) ISO 8363:1986BS 3680 Measureme
27、nt of liquid flow in open channels Part 3 Stream flow measurement Part 3G:1990 General guidelines for the selection of methods (Identical) 1) Reference in the ISO text is to the revised edition currently in preparation, which it is envisaged will be implemented as a British Standard. International S
28、tandardCorresponding British Standard Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 03:54:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3680-3B:1997 BSI 11-1999v There are no related British Standards to ISO 2425:1974, ISO 3716:1977, ISO 4366:1979 and ISO/TR 7178:1983, to which informati
29、ve reference is made in the text. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary
30、 of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to vi, pages 1 to 20, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front
31、 cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 03:54:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI vi blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 03:54:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3680-3B:1997 BSI 11-19991 1 Scope 1.1 This part of ISO 1100 deals
32、with the establishment and operation of a gauging station for the measurement of stage or discharge, or both, of a lake, reservoir, river or artificial open channel. 1.2 Requirements are specified for stage and for stage-discharge stations in natural channels and stations with artificial structures,
33、 for direct discharge measurement and for measurement under ice conditions. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 1100. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All stan
34、dards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 1100 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 31:19
35、92, Quantities and units, all parts. ISO 748:, Measurement of liquid flow in open channels Velocity-area methods2). ISO 772:, Measurement of liquid flow in open channels Vocabulary and symbols3). ISO 1000:1992, SI units and recommendations for the use of their multiples and of certain other units. I
36、SO 1070:1992, Liquid flow measurement in open channels Slope-area method. ISO 1100-2:1982, Liquid flow measurement in open channels Part 2: Determination of the stage-discharge relation. ISO 3454:1983, Liquid flow measurement in open channels Direct depth sounding and suspension equipment. ISO 3846:
37、1989, Liquid flow measurement in open channels by weirs and flumes Rectangular broad-crested weirs. ISO 3847:1977, Liquid flow measurement in open channels by weirs and flumes End-depth method for estimation of flow in rectangular channels with a free overfall. ISO 4359:1983, Liquid flow measurement
38、 in open channels Rectangular, trapezoidal and U-shaped flumes. ISO 4360:1984, Liquid flow measurement in open channels by weirs and flumes Triangular profile weirs. ISO 4369:1979, Measurement of liquid flow in open channels Moving-boat method. ISO 4373:1995, Measurement of liquid flow in open chann
39、els Water-level measuring devices. ISO 4375:1979, Measurement of liquid flow in open channels Cableway system for stream gauging. ISO 4377:1990, Liquid flow measurement in open channels Flat-V weirs. ISO 6416:1992, Measurement of liquid flow in open channels Measurement of discharge by the ultrasoni
40、c (acoustic) method. ISO 8368:1985, Liquid flow measurement in open channels Guidelines for the selection of flow gauging structures. ISO/TR 9123:1986, Liquid flow measurements in open channels Stage-fall-discharge relations. ISO 9196:1992, Liquid flow measurement in open channels Flow measurements
41、under ice conditions. ISO 9213:1992, Measurement of total discharge in open channels Electromagnetic method using a full-channel-width coil. ISO 9555-1:1994, Measurement of liquid flow in open channels Tracer dilution methods for the measurement of steady flow Part 1: General. ISO 9555-2:1992, Measu
42、rement of liquid flow in open channels Tracer dilution methods for the measurement of steady flow Part 2: Radioactive tracers. ISO 9555-3:1992, Measurement of liquid flow in open channels Tracer dilution methods for the measurement of steady flow Part 3: Chemical tracers. ISO 9555-4:1992, Measuremen
43、t of liquid flow in open channels Tracer dilution methods for the measurement of steady flow Part 4: Fluorescent tracers. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this part of ISO 1100, the definitions and symbols given in ISO 772 apply. 4 Units of measurement The units of measurement used in this part of
44、ISO 1100 are SI units in accordance with the appropriate parts of ISO 31 and ISO 1000. 2) To be published. (Revision of ISO 748:1979) 3) To be published. (Revision of ISO 772:1988) Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Nov 29 03:54:29 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 3680-3B:1
45、997 2 BSI 11-1999 5 Stage-discharge gauging stations (natural channels) 5.1 Principle Water levels (stages) of rivers, lakes or reservoirs are used in delineating flood hazard areas, and in the design of structures in or near rivers, lakes or reservoirs. The stage or water level of a stream or lake
46、is the height of the water surface above an established datum plane. Water-level records are obtained by systematic observations of a reference gauge, or from a water-level sensor. When records of water level in streams are to be used as a basis for computation of discharge, the relation between sta
47、ge and discharge should be determined. In a stable channel with appropriate control of the downstream water level, a single relation may exist between stage and discharge. In this case, the relation shall be determined from discharge measurements at selected stages throughout the range of stage expe
48、rienced at the station. Discharges can be determined using either velocity-area methods according to ISO 748, tracer dilution methods according to ISO 9555-1, ISO 9555-2, ISO 9555-3 or ISO 9555-4, or ultrasonic methods using a temporary installation (see ISO 6416). In the case where no single relati
49、on exists between stage and discharge, a relation may exist between the surface slope or fall, stage and discharge which may require the establishment of a second stage (slope) gauge. Relations shall then be established on the basis of these three factors, and discharge shall be determined from measurements of surface slope and stage (see ISO 1070 or ISO/TR 9123 as appropriate). 5.2 Main elements of a gauging station The main elements required for establishing the historical reco