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1、hl O O ? ? u) z u) z 4 a ANS VANS-2.2-2002 earthquake instrumentation criteria for nuclear power plants -,-,- ANSVANS-2.2-2002 American National Standard Earthquake Instrumentation Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants Secretariat American Nuclear Society Prepared by the American Nuclear Society Standar
2、ds Committee Working Group ANS-2.2 Published by the American Nuclear Society 555 North Kensington Avenue La Grange Park, Illinois 60526 USA Approved November 21, 2002 by the American National Standards Institute, Inc. American National Standard Designation of this document as an American National St
3、andard attests that the principles of openness and due process have been followed in the approval procedure and that a consensus of those directly and materially affected by the standard has been achieved. This standard was developed under procedures of the Standards Committee of the American Nuclea
4、r Society; these procedures are accredited by the Amer- ican National Standards Institute, Inc., as meeting the criteria for American National Standards. The consensus committee that approved the standard was balanced to ensure that competent, concerned, and varied interests have had an opportunity
5、to participate. An American National Standard is intended to aid industry, consumers, gov- ernmental agencies, and general interest groups. Its use is entirely voluntary. The existence of an American National Standard, in and of itself, does not preclude anyone from manufacturing, marketing, purchas
6、ing, or using prod- ucts, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard. By publication of this standard, the American Nuclear Society does not insure anyone utilizing the standard against liability allegedly arising from or after its use. The content of this standard reflects acceptable p
7、ractice at the time of its approval and publication. Changes, if any, occurring through developments in the state of the art, may be considered at the time that the standard is subjected to periodic review. It may be reaffirmed, revised, or withdrawn at any time in accordance with established proced
8、ures. Users of this standard are cautioned to determine the validity of copies in their possession and to establish that they are of the latest issue. The American Nuclear Society accepts no responsibility for interpretations of this standard made by any individual or by any ad hoc group of individu
9、als. Requests for interpretation should be sent to the Standards Department at Society Headquarters. Action will be taken to provide appropriate response in accordance with established procedures that ensure consensus on the interpretation. Comments on this standard are encouraged and should be sent
10、 to Society Headquarters. Published by American Nuclear Society 555 North Kensington Avenue La Grange Park, Illinois 60526 USA Copyright O 2003 by American Nuclear Society. All rights reserved. Any part of this standard may be quoted. Credit lines should read “Extracted from American National Standa
11、rd ANSUANS-2.2-2002 with permission of the publisher, the American Nuclear Society.“ Reproduction prohibited under copyright convention unless written permission is granted by the American Nuclear Society. Printed in the United States of America Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of American Nati
12、onal Standard “Earthquake Instrumenta- tion Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants,” ANSI/ANS-2.2-2002.) The purpose of this standard is to speciQ for water-cooled nuclear power plants the minimum requirements for earthquake instrumentation. Should an earth- quake occur, the instrumentation provides info
13、rmation on the vibratory ground motion and resultant vibratory responses of representative Category I structures defined in U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Regulatory Guide 1.29, “Seismic Design Classification” so that an evaluation can be made as to (1) whether or not the design response s
14、pectra have been exceeded; (2) whether or not the motion was damaging through determination of its Cumulative Absolute Velocity (CAV) as defined in American National Standard “Criteria for the Handling and Initial Evaluation of Records from Nuclear Power Plant Seismic Instrumentation,” ANSI/ANS-2.10
15、-2003; (3) whether or not the calculated vibratory responses used in the design of the representative Category I structures and equipment have been exceeded at instrumented locations; (4) the degree of applicability of the mathematical models used in the seismic analysis of the building and equipmen
16、t. In addition, instrumentation could be provided to furnish specific information that would increase knowledge and understanding of seismic design. The prob- lem of determining what additional instrumentation is needed to perform this function should be the basis of research and development program
17、s and is not addressed in this standard. The seismic design of nuclear power facilities requires, in part, (1) the determination of an input vibratory grounded motion for the site. Input vibratory ground motion could be described by “response spectra,” or time- history earthquake records. Most nucle
18、ar plant owners have specified their de- sign input vibratory ground motion by response spectra in the form of “design response spectra” in their license application to the NRC; (2) the construction of mathematical models for dynamic analysis from which the vibratory response of structures and equip
19、ment to the input vibratory ground motion can be calculated. Seismic designs for nuclear power plants utilize advanced analytical and design techniques. Therefore, evidence that the earthquake response spectra did not ex- ceed appropriate spectrum values or that the CAV showed that the motion was no
20、t damaging, in accordance with ANSI/ANS-2.10-2003, would give reasonable assur- ance that plant structures and equipment were not damaged or made inoperable. In addition, the determination by actual instrument data of the resultant vibra- tory responses of representative structures and equipment and
21、 the check of the applicability of mathematical models used in the dynamic analysis would give fur- ther assurance that plant structures or equipment was not damaged. When an earthquake occurs, it is important to determine as soon as possible (within 4 hours) whether or not the free-field motion exc
22、eeded predetermined conditions in accordance with ANSIIANS-2.10-2003. An ideal instrumentation system would immediately provide usable data in a convenient form for making this determination. Through the use of commercially available instruments, the necessary functions of this ideal instrumentation
23、 system can be provided. The providing of these functions is the basis for the minimum requirements specified in this standard. The basic and most important instrument for measuring vibratory motion is the time-history accelerograph, which measures and records absolute acceleration as a function of
24、time during an earthquake. This may be a self-contained instru- ment, or it may consist of acceleration sensors, which detect absolute acceleration and transmit the data to a remote central recorder. From the resulting time- history records, the peak accelerations and duration can be determined, and
25、 the response spectra and CAV can be derived by computation. This standard was prepared by Working Group ANS-2.2 of the American Nuclear Society Standards Committee. This is a major revision to the ANSI/ANS-2.2-1988 standard. All comments received were reviewed and, where possible, were incor- porat
26、ed. Working Group ANS-2.2 had the following membership during its work on this standard: D. K. Ostrom, Chair, Individual C. Angstadt, Cleveland Electric Illuminating Company M. L. Crumb, TERRA Technology Corporation J. Diel, Agbabian (2) procedures for evaluating records ob- tained from seismic inst
27、rumentation and in- structions for the treatment of data. These procedures and instructions are specified in American National Standard “Criteria for the Handling and Initial Evaluation of Records from Nuclear Power Plant Seismic Instru- mentation,” ANSI/ANS-2.10-2003 ill). 2 Purpose This standard d
28、efines the minimum require- ments for an earthquake instrumentation sys- tem to be installed at nuclear power plants. These instruments are intended to provide timely (within 4 hours) information on the in- put vibratory motion of Category I structures, in the event of an earthquake. By comparing th
29、is information with the vibratory motions used in the facilitys seismic design, an evaluation can be made as to whether or not the design vibratory motions have been exceeded. 3 Definitions acceleration sensor: An instrument capable of sensing absolute acceleration and producing a signal that can be
30、 transmitted to a recorder. accessible instruments: Instruments or sen- sors whose locations permit ready access during plant operation without violation of applicable safety regulations, such as those of the Occupa- tional Safety and Health Administration, or reg- ulations that address plant securi
31、ty or radiation protection safety. category I structure: Guidance for determin- ing the category of a structure, given in U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Regu- latory Guide 1.29, “Seismic Design Classifica- tion” 2. channel calibration (primary calibration): The determination and, if requir
32、ed, adjust- ment of an instrument, sensor, or system such that it responds within a specified range to an acceleration, velocity, or displacement input, as applicable, or responds as intended to the stim- ulus provided by a known constant input. channel check: The qualitative verification of the fun
33、ctional status of a channel of the time- history accelerograph (T/A). This check is an “in situ” test and may be the same as a channel functional test. channel functional test (secondary calibra- tion): The determination, without adjustment, that an instrument, sensor, or system responds to a known
34、input of such character that it will verify that the instrument, sensor, or system is functioning in a manner that can be calibrated. containment foundation: The foundation of the containment or reactor building including adjacent foundations if they are constructed integrally with the containment f
35、oundation. cumulative absolute velocity (CAV): The time integral of absolute acceleration over the duration of the strong shaking. This quantity has been shown to be a good indicator of the damage potential of an earthquake time history. free-field: A ground surface location for an earthquake sensor
36、 where the motion will be only of the ground surface and where the ef- Numbers in brackets refer to corresponding numbers in Section 10, “References.” 1 -,-,- American National Standard ANSI/ANS-2.2-2002 fects that are associated with certain surface features, buildings, and components will be , ins
37、ignificant. instrumentation station: An assembly of one or more instruments that can provide any func- tion or a combination of defined functions see time-history accelerograph (T/A), acceleration sensor, recorder, and seismic trigger (S/T). Sup- ports, foundation, housing, and ancillary equip- ment
38、 are also considered to be a part of the instrumentation station. operating basis earthquake ground mo- tion (OBE): The vibratory ground motion for which those features of the nuclear power plant necessary for continued operation without un- due risk to the health and safety of the public will remai
39、n functional. The value of the OBE is set by the applicant. recorder: An instrument capable of recording the data from an acceleration sensor or sensors. remote indicating instrument: Instrument whose output is transmitted to a location sep- arate from the sensor. seismic trigger (S/T): A device tha
40、t starts the time-history accelerograph (T/A) after a preset acceleration has been exceeded. shall, should, and may: The word “shall” is used to denote a requirement; the word “should” is used to denote a recommendation; and the word “may” is used to denote permission, nei- ther a requirement nor a
41、recommendation. time-history accelerograph (T/A): An in- strument capable of sensing and permanently recording acceleration versus time. The compo- nents of the T/A (acceleration sensor, recorder, S/T) may be assembled in a self-contained unit or may be separately located. triaxial: Able to measure
42、a variable in three mutually orthogonal components (directions), one of which is usually vertical; applies to de- scription of the function of an instrument or group of instruments. zero period acceleration: The acceleration level in a response spectrum at frequencies where the response curve is asy
43、mptotic to a line perpendicular to the acceleration axis. This usually corresponds to accelerations at frequen- cies greater than 33 cycles per second for the horizontal direction, and 50 cycles per second for the vertical direction and is identical to the maximum acceleration in the time history (a
44、ccelerogram). 4 General Information and Requirements 4.1 Instrument Description This section describes the types of instrumen- tation currently available. The most important instrument for measuring vibrating motion is the T/A. The T/A consists of acceleration sensors and typically transmits the dat
45、a to a remote central recorder or records the data for future retrieval, Current T/As are based on digital technology that allows for more accurate data collection, better reliability, and more direct compatibility with computers compared to analog instru- ments. This compatibility feature contribut
46、es substantially to rapid data processing, which may occur at the plant site or at other loca- tion(s) designated by the owner. The response spectrum recorder, seismic switch, peak recording accelerometer, and response spec- trum switch are earthquake instruments that were required in the previous v
47、ersion of this standard, and might currently be used in older plants. The use of these types of instruments is not required by this version of the standard because TIA reliability has improved, its data can be retrieved and processed quickly, and detailed time-history information is required to dete
48、rmine whether the OBE has been exceeded Ell. 4.2 Data Analysis The following information shall be obtained from TIA data: (i) the time-history of vibratory motion; (2) amplitude(s) on a response spectrum; (3) rapid indication whether a specified ac- celeration(s) has (have) been exceeded; 2 -,-,- Am
49、erican National Standard ANSI/ANS-2.2-2002 I I Independent Structure Containment - Time History Accelerograph I: - Control Room Indication of Instrument actuation Figure 1 - Earthquake instrument locations (4) rapid indication whether any specified spec- tral acceleration(s) has (have) been exceeded; (5) peak acceleration; (6) CAY 4.3 Data Information Instrument locations shall be selected so that the data generated can be related directly to the “input”