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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 8800:2004 Occupational health and safety management systems Guide ICS 03.100.01; 13.100 ? BS 8800:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 22 July 2004 BSI 22 July 2004 First published 15 May 1996 The following
2、 BSI references relate to the work on this British Standard: Committee reference HS/1 Draft for comment 03/116777 DC ISBN 0 580 43987 9 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee HS/1, Occupational health and safety
3、management, upon which the following bodies were represented: AEA Technology Association of British Certification Bodies Association of British Insurers Association of Consulting Engineers BEAMA Ltd. BRE/LPC Laboratories British Gas plc British Institute of Facilities Management British Safety Counc
4、il British Safety Industry Federation British Standards Society British Institute of Occupational Hygienists Chartered Institute of Environmental Health Chemical Industries Association Confederation of British Metalforming Confederation of British Industry Construction Confederation Electrical Contr
5、actors Association Energy Networks Associations Energy Industries Council Engineering Employers Federation Federation of Small Businesses Health and Safety Executive Independent International Organisation for Certification Institute of Management Institution of Chemical Engineers Institution of Occu
6、pational Safety and Health Intellect London Transport Ministry of Defence Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents Royal Society of Chemistry Safety and Reliability Society Safety Assessment Federation Ltd. Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Ltd. Society of Operations Engineers Trades U
7、nion Congress United Kingdom Accreditation Service United Kingdom Petroleum Industry Association United Kingdom Steel Association University of Aston in Birmingham Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments BS 8800:2004 BSI 22 July 2004 i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside fro
8、nt cover Forewordii Introduction1 1Scope2 2Terms and definitions2 3OH BS EN ISO 9001; BS EN ISO 14001; OHSAS 18001 and ILO-OSH 2001 (Annex A); Guidance on organizing (Annex B); Promoting an effective OH Guidance on planning and implementing (Annex D); Guidance on risk assessment and control (Annex E
9、); NOTEThis has been developed to provide additional guidance on the practicalities of the assessment process and to place greater emphasis on risk control. Measuring performance and audit (Annex F); Hazardous event investigation (Annex G). There are sound economic reasons for reducing work related
10、accidents and ill health, as well as ethical and regulatory reasons. Effective OH b) improve business performance; and c) assist organizations to establish a responsible image within the marketplace. BS 8800:2004 BSI 22 July 2004 iii This standard shares common management system principles with the
11、BS EN ISO 9000, Quality management series and the BS EN ISO 14000, Environmental management series of standards, but these are not required for the implementation of this British Standard. This guide is consistent with: ILO-OSH 2001, Guidelines to health and safety management systems 3; OHSAS 18001,
12、 Occupational health and safety management systems Specification 1; The Health The Health This publication contains guidance and recommendations. It should not be quoted as if it were a specification and should not be used for certification purposes. This publication does not purport to include all
13、the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 69 and a b
14、ack cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. iv blank BS 8800:2004 BSI 22 July 2004 1 Introduction OH are used and remain effective in reducing risk to as low a level as reasonably practicable. The importance of managing OH customers/cli
15、ents/suppliers; the community; shareholders; contractors; insurers; as well as regulatory agencies. The aim for the organization is to ensure that their OH b) the evaluation of effective OH c) the relationships to and integration of an OH b) identifying and implementing best practice and performance
16、 in the organizations employment sector and other appropriate sectors (e.g. from relevant HSC industry advisory committees and trade association guidelines) (see 3.5.4); c) obtaining or developing guidance on OH d) consultation within and disseminating information throughout the organization (see 3.
17、4.3); e) identifying, anticipating and assessing hazards and risks to health and safety arising out of the work environment and work activities (see 3.5.3); f) ensuring the health and safety of those involved in, or affected by, work activities (see 3.5.3); g) developing and implementing effective r
18、isk controls to eliminate hazards and minimize risk to health or safety (see 3.5.3); h) measuring and evaluating OH i) establish effective arrangements for the review and audit of the OH 2) become the basis for developing and implementing the OH 3) provide a baseline from which continual improvement
19、 can be measured. An effective approach to the initial status review is to review each element of the existing or proposed management system against the guidelines for each element of the process described in this standard. NOTEThe annexes provide information to ensure coverage of key activities. 3.
20、3 OH b) achieving a high level of OH NOTEAttention is drawn to the legal duty to reduce risk to as low a level as is reasonably practicable. c) minimizing risk and the prevention of injury, ill health, diseases and incidents; d) acknowledging that people are the key resource and promoting the genera
21、l health and safety of employees; e) providing adequate and appropriate resources to implement the policy including access to competent specialist advice where necessary; f) setting and publishing OH g) placing management of OH h) ensuring its understanding, implementation and maintenance at all lev
22、els in the organization; i) ensuring employee involvement, participation and consultation to gain commitment to the policy and its implementation; BS 8800:2004 6 BSI 22 July 2004 j) ensuring that employees at all levels receive appropriate training and are competent to carry out their duties and res
23、ponsibilities; k) periodically reviewing the policy, the management system and audit of compliance to policy, as a driver of continual improvement; l) periodically reporting OH b) promote co-operation between individuals, safety representatives and groups so that health and safety is a collaborative
24、 effort; c) ensure the communication of relevant information throughout the organization; d) secure the competence of employees and the selection of competent contractors; e) provide clear and visible leadership on OH f) ensure continual improvement. 3.4.2 Responsibilities 3.4.2.1 Management respons
25、ibilities Ultimate responsibility for OH b) ensuring that where necessary one or more competent persons are appointed to help undertake the measures needed; c) the achievement of all OH d) the management review (see 3.9.3) and evaluation of the OH and e) the periodic and comprehensive reporting to t
26、he top management on the OH b) their responsibility for the health and safety of people who might be affected by the activities they manage, e.g. contractors and public; c) the influence that their action or inaction can have on the effectiveness of the OH b) establish effective arrangements to iden
27、tify and eliminate or control OH c) define the allocation of responsibilities and accountabilities in the management structure (see 3.4.2); d) ensure employees have the necessary skills and authority to carry out their responsibilities; e) allocate adequate resources commensurate with the size of th
28、e organization and the nature of its activities; f) identify existing skills, knowledge, expertise, competencies actually required and any gaps between them. This should be carried out at all levels within the organization and any necessary training provided; g) make effective arrangements for emplo
29、yee involvement, participation, consultation and representation where appropriate; h) effectively communicate OH i) effectively communicate with external agencies, (such as the enforcement agencies, emergency service etc.) where appropriate. BS 8800:2004 8 BSI 22 July 2004 3.5 Planning and implement
30、ing 3.5.1 General Planning is an integral part of all elements of an OH b) react to changing demands; c) sustain a positive health and safety culture. Effective planning is concerned with prevention through identifying, eliminating and controlling hazards and risks. This is equally important when de
31、aling with health risks, which might only become apparent after a long latency period. Planning should be a collaborative effort involving individuals throughout the organization. This is a good way of demonstrating and gaining commitment to continual improvement and promoting a positive health and
32、safety culture. NOTE Annex C offers practical guidance on how to develop an OH and 2) operating, maintaining and improving the system to suit changing needs and process hazards and risks. Annex D provides guidance on a planning process that could be used to develop any aspect of the OH risk assessme
33、nt and risk control (see 3.5.3); legal and other requirements (see 3.5.4); OH b) the development and implementation of effective workplace precautions and their associated risk control systems that eliminate hazards or reduce risk; c) recording the significant details and findings of the risk assess
34、ment and making them available to those who need the information. A risk assessment should always be carried out, and the control measures implemented, before changes are made to work activities or before new activities commence. Depending on the nature of the change and circumstances the risk asses
35、sment could differ in depth and detail. Temporary measures might need to be taken in certain circumstances but should always be confirmed by full risk assessment. NOTEAnnex E provides guidance on the principles and practicalities of OH b) operational plans to implement arrangements to control the ri
36、sks identified in 3.5.3 and to meet the recommendations identified in 3.5.4; c) contingency plans for foreseeable emergencies and to mitigate their effects (e.g. prevention, preparedness and response procedures); d) planning for organizational activities (see 3.4.3); e) plans covering the management
37、 of change of either a permanent or temporary nature (e.g. associated with new processes or plant, working procedures, production fluctuations, legal requirements organizational and staffing changes); f) plans covering interactions with other interested parties, (e.g. control, selection and manageme
38、nt of contractors, liaison with emergency services, visitor control); g) planning for measuring performance, audits and status reviews (see 3.6, 3.8 and 3.9); h) implementing corrective actions; i) plans for assisting recovery and return to work of any staff who is injured or becomes ill through the
39、ir work activities. BS 8800:2004 10 BSI 22 July 2004 Where fundamental changes cannot be made immediately prioritized action plans should be drawn up and implemented. In the interim properly assessed short-term measures should be taken to minimize the risk. 3.5.6 Implementing and documenting Workpla
40、ce precautions, risk control systems and management arrangements are more effective if they are well designed and developed recognizing existing business practice. The strength and limitations of human behaviour should be considered in the design. All the components of the OH b) detailed proportiona
41、te to the level of complexity, hazards and risks; c) kept to the minimum required for effectiveness and efficiency. Among the most important written communications are: 1) health and safety policy statements; 2) organization statements showing health and safety roles and responsibilities (see 3.4.2)
42、; 3) documented performance requirements and measures; 4) supporting organizational and risk control information and procedures; 5) appropriate findings from initial status reviews (see 3.2), risk assessments investigations (see 3.5.3), audits (see 3.8) and periodic status reviews (see 3.9.2). The o
43、rganization should maintain any records necessary to: i) demonstrate compliance with legal and other requirements; ii) ensure retention of appropriate OH iii) mitigate any liability claims. Organizations should ensure that sufficient documentation is available to enable OH b) identifying areas where
44、 corrective action is necessary; c) providing a basis for continual improvement; and d) providing feedback and motivation. BS 8800:2004 BSI 22 July 2004 11 Health and safety performance measurement should seek to answer such questions as the following. 1) Where are we now relative to our overall hea
45、lth and safety aims and objectives? 2) Where are we now in controlling hazards and risks? 3) How do we compare with others? 4) Why are we where we are? 5) Are we getting better or worse over time? 6) Is our management of health and safety effective (doing the right things)? 7) Is our management of h
46、ealth and safety reliable (doing things right consistently)? 8) Is our management of health and safety proportionate to our hazards and risks? 9) Is our management of health and safety efficient? 10) Is an effective OH b) collect information which might be needed if the incident becomes the subject
47、of legal action; c) collect information for potential insurance claims; d) maintain records for other purposes specific to the organization; e) review the adequacy of risk assessments in place. BS 8800:2004 12 BSI 22 July 2004 Arrangements should ensure that appropriate managers are responsible for
48、carrying out the investigations with the support of health and safety advisers, technical support and employees, where necessary. Arrangements to involve external investigative agencies, where necessary, should be clearly defined. Investigations should identify both the immediate circumstances and t
49、he underlying organizational causes. Recommendations should be made on measures to improve the management system and arrangements, workplace precautions and risk control systems. Systems should be in place to ensure that remedial actions arising from investigations are prioritized, tracked and completed. Organizational and policy changes should be considered and recommendations made. Such recommendations should be reported to the level of management with the authority to initia