BS-7850-1-1992.pdf

上传人:小小飞 文档编号:3736574 上传时间:2019-09-22 格式:PDF 页数:14 大小:102.91KB
返回 下载 相关 举报
BS-7850-1-1992.pdf_第1页
第1页 / 共14页
BS-7850-1-1992.pdf_第2页
第2页 / 共14页
BS-7850-1-1992.pdf_第3页
第3页 / 共14页
BS-7850-1-1992.pdf_第4页
第4页 / 共14页
BS-7850-1-1992.pdf_第5页
第5页 / 共14页
亲,该文档总共14页,到这儿已超出免费预览范围,如果喜欢就下载吧!
资源描述

《BS-7850-1-1992.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《BS-7850-1-1992.pdf(14页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。

1、%5,7,6+?67$1$5 %6? ? 7RWDO?TXDOLW? PDQDJHPHQW? 3DUW?*XLGH?WR?PDQDJHPHQW?SULQFLSOHV 8&? NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 10:23:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI %6?

2、7KLV?%ULWLVK?6WDQGDUG?KDYLQJ? EHHQ?SUHSDUHG?XQGHU?WKH? GLUHFWLRQ?RI?WKH?4XDOLW? 0DQDJHPHQW?DQG?6WDWLVWLFV? 6WDQGDUGV?3ROLF?&RPPLWWHH? ZDV?SXEOLVKHG?XQGHU?WKH? DXWKRULW?RI?WKH?6WDQGDUGV? %RDUG?DQG?FRPHV? LQWR?HIIHFW?RQ ?6HSWHPEHU ? ?%6,? 7KH?IROORZLQJ?%6,?UHIHUHQFHV? UHODWH?WR?WKH?ZRUN?RQ?WKLV? VWDQG

3、DUG? &RPPLWWHH?UHIHUHQFH?406? UDIW?IRU?FRPPHQW ?& ,6%1? &RPPLWWHHV?UHVSRQVLEOH?IRU?WKLV?%ULWLVK? 6WDQGDUG 7KH?SUHSDUDWLRQ?RI?WKLV?%ULWLVK?6WDQGDUG?ZDV?HQWUXVWHG?E?WKH?4XDOLW? 0DQDJHPHQW?DQG?6WDWLVWLFV?6WDQGDUGV?3ROLF?&RPPLWWHH?406?WR?7HFKQLFDO? &RPPLWWHH?406?XSRQ?ZKLFK?WKH?IROORZLQJ?ERGLHV?ZHUH?UHSU

4、HVHQWHG? $VVRFLDWHG?2IILFHV?7HFKQLFDO?&RPPLWWHH(OHFWULFLW?$VVRFLDWLRQ $VVRFLDWLRQ?RI?&RQVXOWLQJ?(QJLQHHUV(OHFWURQLF?&RPSRQHQWV?,QGXVWU?)HGHUDWLRQ $VVRFLDWLRQ?RI?&RQVXOWLQJ?6FLHQWLVWV(QHUJ?,QGXVWULHV?&RXQFLO %ULVWRO?4XDOLW?&HQWUH(QJLQHHULQJ?(TXLSPHQW?DQG?0DWHULDOV?8VHUV“? %ULWLVK?&RDO?&RUSRUDWLRQ$VVR

5、FLDWLRQ %ULWLVK?*DV?SOF*$0%,&$?%($0$?/WG? %ULWLVK?,QVWLWXWH?RI?0DQDJHPHQW*XLOGIRUG?&RXQW?&ROOHJH?RI?7HFKQRORJ %ULWLVK?0DULWLPH?7HFKQRORJ+HDOWK?DQG?6DIHW?(HFXWLYH %ULWLVK?1RQ?)HUURXV?0HWDOV?)HGHUDWLRQ,QVWLWXWH?RI?4XDOLW?$VVXUDQFH %ULWLVK?1XFOHDU?)XHOV?SOF,QVWLWXWH?RI?7UDGLQJ?6WDQGDUGV?$GPLQLVWUDWLRQ

6、%ULWLVK?3DSHU?DQG?%RDUG?,QGXVWU?)HGHUDWLRQ,QVWLWXWH?RI?&KHPLFDO?(QJLQHHUV %ULWLVK?3KRWRJUDSKLF?$VVRFLDWLRQ,QVWLWXWH?RI?0HFKDQLFDO?(QJLQHHUV %ULWLVK?4XDOLW?$VVRFLDWLRQ0HGLFDO?6WHULOH?3URGXFWV?$VVRFLDWLRQ %ULWLVK?5DLOZDV?%RDUG0HUFXU?&RPPXQLFDWLRQV?/LPLWHG %ULWLVK?6WDQGDUGV?6RFLHW0LQLVWU?RI?HIHQFH %ULW

7、LVK?6WHHO?,QGXVWU1DWLRQDO?$FFUHGLWDWLRQ?&RXQFLO?RI?&HUWLILFDWLRQ? %ULWLVK?7HOHFRPPXQLFDWLRQV?SOF%RGLHV %ULWLVK?9DOYH?DQG?$FWXDWRU?0DQXIDFWXUHUV“?1DWLRQDO?$VVRFLDWLRQ?RI?3OXPELQJ?+HDWLQJ? $VVRFLDWLRQDQG?0HFKDQLFDO?6HUYLFHV %ULWLVK?:HOGHG?6WHHO?7XEH?$VVRFLDWLRQ1DWLRQDO?+RXVH?EXLOGLQJ?&RXQFLO &DEOH?DQG

8、?:LUHOHVV?SOF1DWLRQDO?4XDOLW?HYHORSPHQW?6XSSRUW? &KDUWHUHG?,QVWLWXWH?RI?0DUNHWLQJ1HWZRUN &KHPLFDO?,QGXVWULHV“?$VVRFLDWLRQ3(5$?,QWHUQDWLRQDO &RPSXWLQJ?6HUYLFHV?$VVRFLDWLRQ3RZHU?*HQHUDWLRQ?&RQWUDFWRUV“?$VVRFLDWLRQ? &RQVXPHU?3ROLF?&RPPLWWHH?RI?%6,?%($0$?/WG? &RQVXPHUV“?$VVRFLDWLRQ5RDO?,QVWLWXWLRQ?RI?&K

9、DUWHUHG?6XUYHRUV HIHQFH?0DQXIDFWXUHUV“?$VVRFLDWLRQ6RFLHW?RI?(QJLQHHUV?,QFRUSRUDWHG HSDUWPHQW?RI?7UDGH?DQG?,QGXVWU?1DWLRQDO?6RFLHW?RI?0RWRU?0DQXIDFWXUHUV?DQG?7UDGHUV? 3KVLFDO?/DERUDWRU?/LPLWHG HSDUWPHQW?RI?7UDGH?DQG?,QGXVWU?6WDQGDUGV6ROYHQWV?,QGXVWU?$VVRFLDWLRQ?/WG? DQG?4XDOLW?3ROLF?8QLW?4XDOLW?HVLJQ

10、?8QLYHUVLW?RI?6DOIRUG DQG?(GXFDWLRQ?LYLVLRQ?:DWHU?6HUYLFHV?$VVRFLDWLRQ?RI?(QJODQG?DQG? (?(?$?WKH?$VVRFLDWLRQ?RI?WKH?(OHFWURQLFV?:DOHV 7HOHFRPPXQLFDWLRQV?DQG?%XVLQHVV? (TXLSPHQW?,QGXVWULHV? $PHQGPHQWV?LVVXHG?VLQFH?SXEOLFDWLRQ $PG?1R?DWH&RPPHQWV Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London Sout

11、h Bank University, Fri Dec 08 10:23:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI %6? ?%6,? L &RQWHQWV 3DJH &RPPLWWHHV?UHVSRQVLEOH,QVLGH?IURQW?FRYHU )RUHZRUGLL ?,QWURGXFWLRQ? ?6FRSH? ?5HIHUHQFHV? ?HILQLWLRQV? ?)XQGDPHQWDO?FRQFHSWV? ?,PSOHPHQWLQJ?WRWDO?TXDOLW?PDQDJHPHQW? ?5ROH?RI?VXSSRUWLQJ?WHFKQLTXH

12、V? $QQH?$?LQIRUPDWLYH?(DPSOH?RI?D?WSLFDO?SURFHVV?RI?WRWDO? TXDOLW?PDQDJHPHQW? $QQH?%?LQIRUPDWLYH?(DPSOH?RI?D?VVWHPDWLF?LPSURYHPHQWV? SURFHVV? )LJXUH?6LPSOH?SURFHVV?GLDJUDP? )LJXUH?&KDQJLQJ?UROH?RI?SURFHVV?RZQHU? 7DEOH?6HOHFWLQJ?DQ?DSSURSULDWH?WRRO?RU?WHFKQLTXH? /LVW?RI?UHIHUHQFHV,QVLGH?EDFN?FRYHU Li

13、censed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 10:23:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI %6? LL?%6,? )RUHZRUG 7KLV?3DUW?RI?%6?KDV?EHHQ?SUHSDUHG?XQGHU?WKH?GLUHFWLRQ?RI?WKH?4XDOLW? 0DQDJHPHQW?DQG?6WDWLVWLFV?6WDQGDUGV?3ROLF?&RPPLWWHH? %6?LV?SXEOLVKHG?LQ?WZ

14、R?3DUWV?DV?IROORZV? ?3DUW ?*XLGH?WR?PDQDJHPHQW?SULQFLSOHV? ?3DUW ?*XLGH?WR?TXDOLW?LPSURYHPHQW?PHWKRGV? 7RWDO?TXDOLW?PDQDJHPHQW?DVVXUHV?PDLPXP?HIIHFWLYHQHVV?DQG?HIILFLHQF?ZLWKLQ? DQ?RUJDQLDWLRQ?E?SXWWLQJ?LQ?SODFH?SURFHVVHV?DQG?VVWHPV?ZKLFK?ZLOO?HQVXUH?WKDW? HYHU?DVSHFW?RI?LWV?DFWLYLW?LV?DOLJQHG?WR?VD

15、WLVI?FXVWRPHU?QHHGV?DQG?DOO?RWKHU? REMHFWLYHV?ZLWKRXW?ZDVWH?RI?HIIRUW?DQG?XVLQJ?WKH?IXOO?SRWHQWLDO?RI?HYHU?SHUVRQ?LQ? WKH?RUJDQLDWLRQ? 7KLV?SKLORVRSK?UHFRJQLHV?WKDW?FXVWRPHU?VDWLVIDFWLRQ?KHDOWK?VDIHW? HQYLURQPHQWDO?FRQVLGHUDWLRQV?DQG?EXVLQHVV?REMHFWLYHV?DUH?PXWXDOO?GHSHQGHQW?,W? LV?DSSOLFDEOH?ZLWKLQ

16、?DQ?RUJDQLDWLRQ? ,QYHVWPHQW?LQ?PDWHULDO?WKLQJV?LV?DQ?DFFHSWHG?DQG?ZHOO?GHYHORSHG?PDQDJHPHQW? SUDFWLFH?EXW?WKH?DSSOLFDWLRQ?RI?WRWDO?TXDOLW?PDQDJHPHQW?SULPDULO?LQYROYHV? LQYHVWPHQW?LQ?WLPH?DQG?SHRSOH?WLPH?WR?WUDLQ?SHRSOH?WLPH?WR?LPSOHPHQW?QHZ? FRQFHSWV?WLPH?IRU?SHRSOH?WR?UHFRJQLH?WKH?EHQHILWV?DQG?WLPH

17、?IRU?SHRSOH?WR?PRYH? IRUZDUG?LQWR?QHZ?DQG?GLIIHUHQW?FRPSDQ?FXOWXUHV?(YHU?RUJDQLDWLRQ?KDV?WR?JLYH? WKHVH?FRPPLWPHQWV?LI?WRWDO?TXDOLW?PDQDJHPHQW?LV?WR?VXFFHHG? 7KLV?3DUW?RI?%6 ?JLYHV?JXLGDQFH?WR?VHQLRU?PDQDJHPHQW?RQ?WKH?HVWDEOLVKPHQW? RI?PDQDJHPHQW?SULQFLSOHV?ZKLFK?ZLOO?PDLPLH?DQ?RUJDQLDWLRQ“V?HIIHFWL

18、YHQHVV? $?%ULWLVK?6WDQGDUG?GRHV?QRW?SXUSRUW?WR?LQFOXGH?DOO?WKH?QHFHVVDU?SURYLVLRQV?RI?D? FRQWUDFW?8VHUV?RI?%ULWLVK?6WDQGDUGV?DUH?UHVSRQVLEOH?IRU?WKHLU?FRUUHFW?DSSOLFDWLRQ? &RPSOLDQFH?ZLWK?D?%ULWLVK?6WDQGDUG?GRHV?QRW?RI?LWVHOI?FRQIHU?LPPXQLW? IURP?OHJDO?REOLJDWLRQV? 6XPPDU?RI?SDJHV? 7KLV?GRFXPHQW?FRP

19、SULVHV?D?IURQW?FRYHU?DQ?LQVLGH?IURQW?FRYHU?SDJHV?L?DQG?LL? SDJHV ?WR ?DQ?LQVLGH?EDFN?FRYHU?DQG?D?EDFN?FRYHU? 7KH?%6,?FRSULJKW?QRWLFH?GLVSODHG?LQ?WKLV?GRFXPHQW?LQGLFDWHV?ZKHQ?WKH? GRFXPHQW?ZDV?ODVW?LVVXHG? Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 10:23:30

20、GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI %6? ?%6,? ? ?,QWURGXFWLRQ 7KH?REMHFWLYHV?RI?DQ?RUJDQLDWLRQ?RI?ZKLFK?FXVWRPHU? VDWLVIDFWLRQ?LV?D?PDMRU?FRQVLGHUDWLRQ?VKRXOG?EH? NQRZQ?DQG?XQGHUVWRRG?E?DOO?PHPEHUV?RI?WKH? RUJDQLDWLRQ? 7KLV?%ULWLVK?6WDQGDUG?JLYHV?JXLGDQFH?WR? PDQDJHPHQW?RQ?ZDV?WR?PDNH?WKH?RUJ

21、DQLDWLRQ? VWUXFWXUH?PDQDJHPHQW?VVWHP?DQG?TXDOLW?VVWHP? PRUH?HIIHFWLYH?LQ?PHHWLQJ?RUJDQLDWLRQ?REMHFWLYHV?E? LPSURYLQJ?DQG?KDUPRQLLQJ?WKH?VNLOOV?RI?WKH? ZRUNIRUFH?2UJDQLDWLRQV?YDU?JUHDWO?LQ?VLH? REMHFWLYHV?DQG?WKH?SURFHGXUHV?XVHG?DQG?MXGJHPHQW? QHHGV?WR?EH?HHUFLVHG?ZKHQ?XVLQJ?WKH?JXLGDQFH? JLYHQ? 7KH?

22、JXLGDQFH?VKRZV?KRZ?HYHUERG?LQ?WKH? RUJDQLDWLRQ?VKRXOG?EH?DZDUH?WKDW?WKH?KDYH? LQWHUQDO?FXVWRPHUV?DQG?VXSSOLHUV?DV?ZHOO?DV?WKRVH? HWHUQDO?WR?WKH?RUJDQLDWLRQ?DQG?WKDW?SDUWLFLSDWLRQ? E?DOO?DQG?OHDGHUVKLS?IURP?PDQDJHPHQW?LV?HVVHQWLDO? WR?SURPRWH?WKH?IXOO?SRWHQWLDO?RI?WKH?RUJDQLDWLRQ? 7KH?JXLGH?HPSKDVLHV

23、?WKH?QHHG?IRU?PHDVXUHPHQW?RI? SHUIRUPDQFH?DQG?DQDOVLV?WR?FRQILUP?WKDW?SODQQLQJ? IRU?SUREOHP?VROYLQJ?KDV?OHG?WR?TXDOLW?LPSURYHPHQW? ,Q?DGGLWLRQ?WKH?PRQLWRULQJ?RI?SHUIRUPDQFH?DQG? UHYLVLRQ?RI?VVWHPV?VKRXOG?EH?D?FRQWLQXLQJ?DFWLYLW? LQ?ZKLFK?WKH?XVH?RI?GLDJQRVWLF?WRROV?LV?DGYRFDWHG? ,QYHVWPHQW?LQ?SHRSOH

24、?DQG?WUDLQLQJ?DUH?SUREDEO?WKH? WZR?PRVW?LPSRUWDQW?HOHPHQWV?LQ?DFKLHYLQJ?WRWDO? TXDOLW?PDQDJHPHQW? $?VHULRXV?DWWHPSW?KDV?EHHQ?PDGH?WR?SURGXFH?D?JXLGH? WKDW?LV?QRW?SUHVFULSWLYH?EXW?ZKLFK?JLYHV?JXLGDQFH?WR? PDQDJHPHQW?VR?WKDW?LW?FDQ?EH?DGDSWHG?WR?VXLW? SUHYDLOLQJ?REMHFWLYHV?DQG?PHWKRGRORJ?7KH? REMHFWLY

25、HV?RI?DOO?RUJDQLDWLRQV?VKRXOG?LQFOXGH?WKHLU? UHVSRQVLELOLWLHV?WRZDUGV?VRFLHW?LQFOXGLQJ?WKH?KHDOWK? DQG?VDIHW?RI?SHRSOH?ZLWKLQ?WKH?RUJDQLDWLRQ?WKH? FXVWRPHU?UHFHLYLQJ?WKH?SURGXFW?RU?VHUYLFH?DQG?WKH? QHHG?WR?SURWHFW?WKH?HQYLURQPHQW?7KH?PHDQLQJ?RI?WKH? WHUP?FXVWRPHU?VDWLVIDFWLRQ?VKRXOG?EH?WDNHQ?LQ?LWV?

26、 EURDGHVW?VHQVH?ZKHQ?XVHG?LQ?WKLV?VWDQGDUG? ?6FRSH 7KLV?3DUW?RI?%6 ?JLYHV?JXLGDQFH?RQ?WKH? HVWDEOLVKPHQW?RI?PDQDJHPHQW?SULQFLSOHV?ZKLFK?ZLOO? PDLPLH?HIIHFWLYHQHVV?LQ?PHHWLQJ?RUJDQLDWLRQDO? REMHFWLYHV?,W?DGGUHVVHV?WKH?IRUPXODWLRQ?RI?REMHFWLYHV? DQG?WKHLU?LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ?WKURXJKRXW?DQ?HQWLUH? RUJDQLDWL

27、RQ? ?5HIHUHQFHV ?1RUPDWLYH?UHIHUHQFHV 7KLV?3DUW?RI?%6 ?LQFRUSRUDWHV?E?UHIHUHQFH? SURYLVLRQV?IURP?VSHFLILF?HGLWLRQV?RI?RWKHU? SXEOLFDWLRQV?7KHVH?QRUPDWLYH?UHIHUHQFHV?DUH?FLWHG? DW?WKH?DSSURSULDWH?SRLQWV?LQ?WKH?WHW?DQG?WKH? SXEOLFDWLRQV?DUH?OLVWHG?RQ?WKH?LQVLGH?EDFN?FRYHU? 6XEVHTXHQW?DPHQGPHQWV?WR?RU?

28、UHYLVLRQV?RI?DQ?RI? WKRVH?SXEOLFDWLRQV?DSSO?WR?WKLV?3DUW?RI?%6 ?RQO? ZKHQ?LQFRUSRUDWHG?LQ?LW?E?XSGDWLQJ?RU?UHYLVLRQ? ?,QIRUPDWLYH?UHIHUHQFHV 7KLV?3DUW?RI?%6 ?UHIHUV?WR?RWKHU?SXEOLFDWLRQV? WKDW?SURYLGH?LQIRUPDWLRQ?RU?JXLGDQFH?(GLWLRQV?RI? WKHVH?SXEOLFDWLRQV?FRUUHFW?DW?WKH?WLPH?RI?LVVXH?RI?WKLV? VWDQG

29、DUG?DUH?OLVWHG?RQ?WKH?LQVLGH?EDFN?FRYHU?EXW? UHIHUHQFH?VKRXOG?EH?PDGH?WR?WKH?ODWHVW?HGLWLRQV? ?HILQLWLRQV )RU?WKH?SXUSRVHV?RI?WKLV?3DUW?RI?%6 ?WKH? GHILQLWLRQV?JLYHQ?LQ?%6 ?DSSO?WRJHWKHU?ZLWK?WKH? IROORZLQJ? ? WRWDO?TXDOLW?PDQDJHPHQW?740? PDQDJHPHQW?SKLORVRSK?DQG?FRPSDQ?SUDFWLFHV? WKDW?DLP?WR?KDUQHV

30、V?WKH?KXPDQ?DQG?PDWHULDO? UHVRXUFHV?RI?DQ?RUJDQLDWLRQ?LQ?WKH?PRVW?HIIHFWLYH? ZD?WR?DFKLHYH?WKH?REMHFWLYHV?RI?WKH?RUJDQLDWLRQ 127( ?7KH?REMHFWLYHV?RI?DQ?RUJDQLDWLRQ?PD?LQFOXGH? FXVWRPHU?VDWLVIDFWLRQ?EXVLQHVV?REMHFWLYHV?VXFK?DV?JURZWK?SURILW? RU?PDUNHW?SRVLWLRQ?RU?WKH?SURYLVLRQ?RI?VHUYLFHV?WR?WKH?FRPP

31、XQLW? HWF?EXW?WKH?VKRXOG?DOZDV?EH?FRPSDWLEOH?ZLWK?WKH?UHTXLUHPHQWV? RI?VRFLHW?ZKHWKHU?OHJLVODWHG?RU?DV?SHUFHLYHG?E?WKH?RUJDQLDWLRQ? 127( ?$Q?RUJDQLDWLRQ?RSHUDWHV?ZLWKLQ?WKH?FRPPXQLW?DQG? PD?GLUHFWO?VHUYH?LW?WKLV?PD?UHTXLUH?D?EURDG?FRQFHSWLRQ?RI?WKH? WHUP?FXVWRPHU? 127( ?7KH?XVH?RI?WKLV?DSSURDFK?JRHV

32、?XQGHU?PDQ?RWKHU?QDPHV? VRPH?RI?ZKLFK?DUH?DV?IROORZV? FRQWLQXRXV?TXDOLW?LPSURYHPHQW? WRWDO?TXDOLW? WRWDO?EXVLQHVV?PDQDJHPHQW? FRPSDQ?ZLGH?TXDOLW?PDQDJHPHQW? FRVW?HIIHFWLYH?TXDOLW?PDQDJHPHQW? ? SURFHVV DQ?DFWLYLW?WKDW?DFFHSWV?LQSXWV?DGGV?YDOXHV?WR? WKHVH?LQSXWV?IRU?FXVWRPHUV?DQG?SURGXFHV?RXWSXWV?IRU?

33、 WKHVH?FXVWRPHUV?7KH?FXVWRPHUV?PD?EH?HLWKHU? LQWHUQDO?RU?HWHUQDO?WR?WKH?RUJDQLDWLRQ 127( ?(YHU?DFWLYLW?ZLWKLQ?DQ?RUJDQLDWLRQ?FRPSULVHV?RQH?RU? PRUH?SURFHVVHV? )LJXUH?LOOXVWUDWHV?D?VDPSOH?SURFHVV?GLDJUDP? 127( ?,QSXWV?FRQWUROV?DQG?UHVRXUFHV?DUH?DOO?VXSSOLHG?WR?WKH? SURFHVV? Licensed Copy: London Sout

34、h Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 10:23:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI %6? ?%6,? ? PLVVLRQ?VWDWHPHQW EURDG?VWDWHPHQW?RI?PDLQ?DLPV?RI?DQ?RUJDQLDWLRQ 127(7KH?PLVVLRQ?VWDWHPHQW?IRU?D?WRWDO?RUJDQLDWLRQ?LV?XVXDOO? FRQFLVH?DQG?LV?FRPPXQLFDWHG?WR?HYHU?HPSORHH?3DUWV?

35、RI?DQ? RUJDQLDWLRQ?PD?DOVR?GHFODUH?WKHLU?DLPV?E?WKHVH?ZLOO?EH?PRUH? GHWDLOHG?DQG?VSHFLILF?ZKLOH?VWLOO?VXSSRUWLQJ?WKH?RYHUDOO?REMHFWLYHV? ? SURFHVV?RZQHU WKH?SHUVRQ?UHVSRQVLEOH?IRU?SHUIRUPLQJ?DQG?RU? FRQWUROOLQJ?WKH?DFWLYLW ? FXVWRPHU DQ?SHUVRQ?V?LQWHUQDO?RU?HWHUQDO?WR?WKH? RUJDQLDWLRQ?ZKR?UHFHLYH?V?

36、WKH?RXWSXW?RI?WKH? SURFHVV ? VXSSOLHU DQ?SHUVRQ?V?LQWHUQDO?RU?HWHUQDO?WR?WKH? RUJDQLDWLRQ?ZKR?VXSSOLHV?VXSSO?DQ?LQSXW?WR?WKH? SURFHVV 127(7KH?SURFHVV?RZQHU?LV?QRUPDOO?ERWK?D?FXVWRPHU?DQG?D? VXSSOLHU? )LJXUH?LOOXVWUDWHV?WKH?FKDQJLQJ?UROH?RI?WKH?SURFHVV?RZQHU? ? RUJDQLDWLRQ D?PDQDJHG?JURXS?RI?SHUVRQV?

37、DQG?UHVRXUFHV?IRUPHG?WR? FDUU?RXW?D?IXQFWLRQ 127(7KH?RUJDQLDWLRQ?FRXOG?EH?D?FRPPHUFLDO?HQWHUSULVH? JRYHUQPHQW?ERG?SXEOLF?VHUYLFH?RU?D?FKDULW? ?)XQGDPHQWDO?FRQFHSWV ?*HQHUDO 7KH?IROORZLQJ?LQGLYLGXDO?FRQFHSWV?VKRXOG?EH? FRQVLGHUHG?ZKHQ?DSSOLQJ?WKH?SULQFLSOHV?RI?WRWDO? TXDOLW?PDQDJHPHQW? ?&RPPLWPHQW 7K

38、H?FRPPLWPHQW?WR?WRWDO?TXDOLW?PDQDJHPHQW?E? WKH?FKLHI?HHFXWLYH?LV?HVVHQWLDO?DQG?SURPRWLRQ?RI? WKLV?FRQFHSW?WR?DOO?OHYHOV?DQG?DFWLYLWLHV?RI?WKH? RUJDQLDWLRQ?LV?IXQGDPHQWDO?WR?LWV?VXFFHVV?,W?VKRXOG? EH?DFKLHYHG?E?LQGLYLGXDO?LQYROYHPHQW?LQ? DFFRXQWDELOLW?IRU?DQG?GHYRWLRQ?WR?FRQWLQXRXV? LPSURYHPHQW?ZLWK?

39、PHDVXUDEOH?OHYHOV?RI? SHUIRUPDQFH? ,W?LV?HVVHQWLDO?WKDW?WKLV?LQYROYHV?WKH?ERDUG?HYHU? GHSDUWPHQW?IXQFWLRQ?DQG?SURFHVV?DQG?WKH?DFWLYH? FRPPLWPHQW?RI?DOO?WR?PHHWLQJ?FXVWRPHU?QHHGV?,Q? WKLV?UHJDUG?HYHURQH?VKRXOG?EH?DZDUH?RI?KLV?KHU? LQGLYLGXDO?FXVWRPHU?V?DQG?VXSSOLHU?V?ZKHWKHU? LQWHUQDO?RU?HWHUQDO?WR?W

40、KH?RUJDQLDWLRQ? )LJXUH?6LPSOH?SURFHVV?GLDJUDP )LJXUH?&KDQJLQJ?UROH?RI?SURFHVV?RZQHU Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Fri Dec 08 10:23:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI %6? ?%6,? ? ?&XVWRPHU?VDWLVIDFWLRQ 8QGHUVWDQGLQJ?DQG?VDWLVILQJ?FXVWRPHU?QHHGV?

41、DQG? HSHFWDWLRQV?VKRXOG?EH?D?NH?REMHFWLYH?0DQ? PHPEHUV?RI?DQ?RUJDQLDWLRQ?GR?QRW?KDYH?GLUHFW? FRQWDFW?ZLWK?WKH?HWHUQDO?FXVWRPHU? ?4XDOLW?ORVVHV 4XDOLW?ORVVHV?DUH?ORVVHV?FDXVHG?E?WKH?IDLOXUH?WR? XWLOLH?PRVW?HIIHFWLYHO?DQG?HIILFLHQWO?WKH?SRWHQWLDO? RI?KXPDQ?ILQDQFLDO?DQG?PDWHULDO?UHVRXUFHV?LQ?D? SURFHV

42、V?6RPH?HDPSOHV?RI?TXDOLW?ORVVHV?DUH?DV? IROORZV? D?ORVV?RI?FXVWRPHU?VDWLVIDFWLRQ? E?ORVV?RI?RSSRUWXQLW?WR?DGG?PRUH?YDOXH?WR? ?WKH?FXVWRPHU? ?WKH?RUJDQLDWLRQ? ?VRFLHW? F?ORVV?GXH?WR?ZDVWH?RU?PLVXVH?RI?UHVRXUFHV? ?SHRSOHV?KHDOWK? ?SURSHUW?GDPDJH? ?SURFHVV?LQWHUUXSWLRQ? ?3DUWLFLSDWLRQ?E?DOO 7KH?WRWDO?V

43、WUHQJWKV?DQG?DELOLWLHV?RI?DOO?PHPEHUV?RI? DQ?RUJDQLDWLRQ?VKRXOG?EH?IXOO?DQG?HIIHFWLYHO? XWLOLHG?DQG?WKH?VKRXOG?EH?UHFRJQLHG?DV?OLQNV?LQ?D? FKDLQ? ?3URFHVV?PHDVXUHPHQWV 3URFHVV?PHDVXUHPHQW?VKRXOG?EH?DSSOLHG?WR?DOO? RUJDQLDWLRQDO?DFWLYLWLHV? ?&RQWLQXRXV?LPSURYHPHQWV 7KH?PHDQV?RI?LPSURYHPHQW?WR?SHRSOH?

44、DQG?SURFHVV? SHUIRUPDQFHV?QHHGV?WR?EH?FRQWLQXDOO?VRXJKW?DQG? PRQLWRUHG?VHH?%6 ? ?3UREOHP?LGHQWLILFDWLRQ 3URYLVLRQ?IRU?LGHQWLILFDWLRQ?DQG?UHVROXWLRQ?RI? SRWHQWLDO?DQG?HLVWLQJ?SUREOHPV?RQ?D?FRQWLQXRXV? EDVLV?LV?HVVHQWLDO? ?$OLJQPHQW?RI?FRUSRUDWH?REMHFWLYHV?DQG? LQGLYLGXDO?DWWLWXGHV 5HPRYDO?RI?SUHMXGLF

45、HV?DQG?UHVWULFWLYH?DSSURYDO?WKDW? LQKLELW?WKH?HIIHFWLYHQHVV?RI?WKH?RUJDQLDWLRQ?QHHGV? FRQWLQXRXV?DWWHQWLRQ? ?3HUVRQDO?DFFRXQWDELOLW 5HFRJQLWLRQ?RI?LQGLYLGXDO?UHVSRQVLELOLW?DQG? DXWKRULW?VKRXOG?EH?DFFHSWHG?E?DOO? ?3HUVRQDO?GHYHORSPHQW 7KHUH?VKRXOG?EH?FRQWLQXRXV?DSSUDLVDO?WUDLQLQJ?DQG? GHYHORSPHQW?RI?

46、LQGLYLGXDOV?DW?DOO?OHYHOV? ?,PSOHPHQWLQJ?WRWDO?TXDOLW? PDQDJHPHQW ?*HQHUDO $?VXFFHVVIXO?RUJDQLDWLRQ?ZLOO?EH?VNLOOHG?DW? GHYHORSLQJ?DQG?DSSOLQJ?D?UDQJH?RI?DSSURSULDWH? VVWHPV?LPSURYHPHQW?WRROV?DQG?WHFKQLTXHV? $OWKRXJK?DSSOLFDWLRQ?RI?DQ?RI?WKH?WHFKQLTXHV? UHIHUHQFHG?ZLOO?JLYH?VRPH?LQFUHPHQWDO? LPSURYH

47、PHQW?WKHLU?IXOO?SRWHQWLDO?FDQ?RQO?EH? UHDOLHG?LI?WKH?DUH?DSSOLHG?DQG?FRRUGLQDWHG? ?VHH 7DEOH? ,Q?PRVW?RUJDQLDWLRQV?RYHUFRPLQJ?UHVLVWDQFH?WR? FKDQJH?UHTXLUHV?SDUWLFXODU?DWWHQWLRQ?WR?WKH? IROORZLQJ? D?FUHDWLQJ?DQ?DSSURSULDWH?RUJDQLDWLRQ?VWUXFWXUH? E?LPSOHPHQWLQJ?SURFHVV?PDQDJHPHQW?FRQFHSWV? ?VHH ? F?VVWHPDWLFDOO?PHDVXULQJ?SHUIRUPDQFH?DQG? UHFRJQLLQJ?DFKLHYHPHQW? G?LQWURGXFLQJ?LPSURYHPHQW?SODQQLQJ?WHFKQLTXHV? H?WUDLQLQJ? 127(6HH?DQQH?$?IRU?DQ?HDPSOH?RI?D?WSLFDO?SURFHVV?IRU?WRW

展开阅读全文
相关资源
猜你喜欢
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > 其他


经营许可证编号:宁ICP备18001539号-1