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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13144:2003 Metallic and other inorganic coatings Method for quantitative measurement of adhesion by tensile test The European Standard EN 13144:2003 has the status of a British Standard ICS 25.220.40; 25.220.99 ? BS EN 13144:2003 This British Standard was published under the a
2、uthority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 24 April 2003 BSI 24 April 2003 ISBN 0 580 41606 2 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13144:2003. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee STI/37, Method
3、s of test for metallic and related inorganic coatings including corrosion tests, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European public
4、ations referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the nece
5、ssary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the inte
6、rpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 11 and a back cover. The BSI co
7、pyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13144 April 2003 ICS 25.220.40; 25.220.99 English version Metallic and other inorganic coatings - Method
8、 for quantitative measurement of adhesion by tensile test Revtements mtalliques et autres revtements non organiques - Mthode de mesurage quantitatif de ladhrence par essai de traction Metallische und andere anorganische berzge - Verfahren zur quantitativen Messung der Haftfestigkeit durch den Zugver
9、such This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 January 2003. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical
10、 references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN membe
11、r into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands,
12、Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2003 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reser
13、ved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13144:2003 E EN 13144:2003 (E) 2 Contentspage Foreword3 1Scope 4 2Terms and definitions4 3Determination of adhesion by measurement5 3.1Principle5 3.2Apparatus .5 3.2.1Tensile testing machine5 3.2.2Tests blocks .6 3.2.3Cutting device 6 3.2.4Adhesive
14、s.6 3.3Procedure .7 3.3.1Test conditions 7 3.3.2Adhesive.7 3.4Test assembly 7 3.4.1“Sandwich“ assembly .7 3.4.2Assembly on a single face8 3.4.3Assembly with a coated test block 8 3.5Measurement9 4Expression of results 9 4.1Adhesion (see 2.5) .9 5Test report 10 6Adhesion appraisal test 10 Bibliograph
15、y11 EN 13144:2003 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13144:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN /TC 262 “Metallic and other inorganic coatings“ the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an id
16、entical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2003, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2003. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European
17、Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. EN 13144:2003 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard describes a quant
18、itative method for the measurement of adhesion of metallic and other inorganic coatings applied to metallic surfaces. Typical coatings for which this European Standard applies are copper, nickel, nickel plus chromium, silver, tin, tin-nickel alloys, zinc, gold. This European Standard does not apply
19、to certain hot dip, spray and mechanical coatings. The measurement is valid if the cohesion and adhesion properties of the adhesive are higher than those of the coating subjected to test. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply: 2
20、.1 measurement set of operations having the object of determining a value of a quantity NOTEThe operations may be performed automatically. International Vocabulary of Basic and General Terms in Metrology, 1993, definition 2.1 2.2 principle of measurement scientific basis of a measurement EXAMPLES a)
21、 the thermoelectric effect applied to the measurement of temperature; b) the Josephson effect applied to the measurement of electric potential difference; c) the Doppler effect applied to the measurement of velocity; d) the Raman effect applied to the measurement of the wave number of molecular vibr
22、ations International Vocabulary of Basic and General Terms in Metrology, 1993, definition 2.3 2.3 method of measurement logical sequence of operations, described generically, used in the performance of measurements NOTEMethods of measurement may be qualified in various ways such as: substitution met
23、hod differential method null method. International Vocabulary of Basic and General Terms in Metrology, 1993, definition 2.4 EN 13144:2003 (E) 5 2.4 measurement procedure set of operations, described specifically, used in the performance of particular measurements according to a given method NOTEA me
24、asurement procedure is usually recorded in a document that is sometimes itself called a “measurement procedure“ (or a measurement method) and is usually in sufficient detail to enable an operator to carry out a measurement without additional information. International Vocabulary of Basic and General
25、 Terms in Metrology, 1993, definition 2.5 2.5 adhesion force required to separate a coating from its substrate NOTEAdhesion may be deemed inadequate in the presence of blisters, scaling and any defect that results from the separation of the coating from its substrate. 2.6 cohesion physical property
26、resulting from the magnitude of forces joining the atoms and/or molecules of a coating 3 Determination of adhesion by measurement 3.1 Principle The tensile strength required to separate the coating from its substrate (see 2.5) is measured perpendicular to the substrate. The result of the measurement
27、 is influenced not only by the mechanical properties of the system to be characterized, but also by the nature and preparation of the substrate (see 3.2.4 and 3.3.2). The result of the measurement can also be affected by internal stress in the deposit, which influences adhesion. The result of the me
28、asurement is the tensile strength required to break the weakest interface or the weakest constituent of the test assembly. A combination of both adhesion and cohesive ruptures can also occur. 3.2 Apparatus 3.2.1 Tensile testing machine -capable of being used in accordance with 3.5. NOTESuitable devi
29、ces for the application of the tensile force are shown in Figure 1. EN 13144:2003 (E) 6 1 4 6 2 3 7 2 2 3 4 5 ab Key 1 Support 2 Ball joint 3 Test block 4 Coating 5 Substrate 6 Test specimen 7 Support designed so as to permit an articulated assembly Figure 1 Devices for the application of the tensil
30、e force 3.2.2 Tests blocks - for use with the tensile testing machine (3.2.1), made of machined steel, having a diameter of 20 mm (unless otherwise agreed) and such thickness as to ensure the absence of deformations during the test. The length of the block shall be not less than half its diameter (1
31、0 mm). Prior to use, the faces shall be machined perpendicular to the major axis of the block. 3.2.3 Cutting device - for example a carbide tool or a scribing iron, capable of cutting the coating through to the substrate, along the circumference of the test block. 3.2.4 Adhesives Special attention s
32、hall be given to the selection of adhesives for use in the test (see 3.1). NOTE 1The adhesion at the interface of the adhesive and coating can be improved by slightly abrading the surface of the coating prior to applying the adhesive to the appropriate surface of the test block. EN 13144:2003 (E) 7
33、NOTE 2In the majority of cases, cyanoacrylate adhesives, solvent-free bi-component epoxides and peroxide catalysed polyesters can be used, although their adhesion properties are inferior to those of metallic coatings. 3.3 Procedure 3.3.1 Test conditions The test shall be carried out at a temperature
34、 of (23 2) C and at a relative humidity (50 5) %. 3.3.2 Adhesive The adhesive shall be prepared and applied in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. The minimum quantity of adhesive necessary to obtain a uniform joint between the constituents of the test assembly shall be used; any excess
35、adhesive shall be removed. For deformable substrates, the substrate should be coated on both faces and subjected the “sandwich“ method (see 3.4.1). 3.4 Test assembly 3.4.1 “Sandwich“ assembly Cut a test specimen in the shape of a 30 mm diameter disc or a 30 mm sided square from the coated substrate.
36、 Taking care not to deform the specimen, apply the adhesive uniformly over the faces of two freshly cleaned test blocks (3.2.2) of the same test area. Place the specimen between the two adhesive coated faces of the test blocks so that the axes of the blocks are aligned with the centre of the specime
37、n and apply a constant pressure during the setting time of the adhesive. At the end of the setting time, cut the coating under test around the circumference of the test blocks through to the substrate (see Figure 2). 12 Key 1 Adhesive coated test block 2 Coated substrate Figure 2 “Sandwich“ assembly
38、 corresponding to Figure 1a) EN 13144:2003 (E) 8 3.4.2 Assembly on a single face Apply the adhesive uniformly over the freshly cleaned face of a test block. Place the adhesive coated face of the test block on the coated substrate and apply a constant pressure during the setting time of the adhesive.
39、 At the end of the setting time, cut the coating under test around the circumference of the test block through to the substrate. Position the external ring and conduct the test (see Figure 3). 1 2 3 4 Key 1 External ring 2 Adhesive coated test block 3 Coating 4 Coated substrate Figure 3 Assembly on
40、a single face corresponding to Figure 1b) 3.4.3 Assembly with a coated test block Apply the adhesive uniformly over the freshly cleaned face of a test block. Place the adhesive coated face of the test block on the coated test block and apply a constant pressure during the setting time of the adhesiv
41、e. At the end of the setting time, cut the coating under test around the circumference of the test blocks and conduct the test (see Figure 4). 1 2 3 Key 1 Adhesive coated test block 2 Coating 3 Coated test block Figure 4 Assembly with a coated test block corresponding to Figure 1a) EN 13144:2003 (E)
42、 9 3.5 Measurement Immediately after the setting time of the adhesive specified by the manufacturer, place the test assembly in the tensile testing machine (3.2.1), taking care to align the test blocks so that the tensile force is applied perpendicular to the surface plane of the coated substrate wi
43、thout any bending moment. Apply an increasing tensile force at a constant rate less than 1 MPa/s1), so that the rupturing of the assembly occurs within 2 min. following the initial application of the force. The number of test assemblies to be manufactured, the location, orientation and preparation o
44、f the samples, as well as the number of measurements to be carried out shall be specified. The tensile force required to rupture each test assembly shall be recorded and the separated surfaces shall be examined in order to determine the nature of the rupture. 4Expression of results 4.1Adhesion (see
45、2.5) The tensile strength Adh, in megapascals (MPa1), for each test assembly is given by the formula : S F A= dh where F is the rupture force, in newtons (see 3.5); S is the area of the test block, in square millimetres. 4.2Nature of the rupture The value of the adhesion shall be supplemented by the
46、 expression of the surface percentage and location of the rupture within the system being tested, in terms of adhesion/cohesive separation. The following system shall be used to describe the results observed: A= Cohesive failure of the substrate; A/B= Adhesion failure between the substrate and the f
47、irst layer of coating; B= Cohesive failure of the first layer of coating; B/C= Adhesion failure between the first and second layer of coating; /Y= Adhesion failure between the final layer and the adhesive; Y= Cohesive failure of the adhesive; Y/Z= Adhesion failure between the adhesive and the test b
48、lock. EXAMPLE OF EXPRESSION OF RESULTS20 MPa, 30 %B,70 %B/C 1) 1MPa = 1 N/mm EN 13144:2003 (E) 10 5Test report Unless otherwise agreed, the test report shall contain the following information: a) the type and identification of the product under test; b) the description of the coating system and the
49、basis metal or substrate; c) the number, dimensions and shape of the test pieces, the type of assembly and the nature of the adhesive; d) the thickness of the coating; e) the reference to this standard including its date of publication, and to the products national standard; f) any modification to the specified procedure; g) the result of the measurements and the type of separation; h) the date of the test and the signature of the person in charge. 6Adhesion appra