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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12255-9:2002 Wastewater treatment plants Part 9: Odour control and ventilation The European Standard EN 12255-9:2002 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.060.30 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun
2、, na, Sat Oct 28 05:42:57 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 12255-9:2002 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Building and Civil Engineering Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy C
3、ommittee on 26 February 2002 BSI 26 February 2002 ISBN 0 580 39181 7 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 12255-9:2002. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/505, Wastewater engineering, which has the responsi
4、bility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entit
5、led “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Complian
6、ce with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international an
7、d European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 17 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued si
8、nce publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:42:57 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12255-9 January 2002 ICS 13.060.30 English version Wastewater treatment plants - Part 9: Odour control
9、 and ventilation Stations dpuration - Partie 9: Matrise des odeurs et ventilation Klranlagen - Teil 9: Geruchsminderung und Belftung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 December 2001. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the condition
10、s for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three offici
11、al versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belg
12、ium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Ce
13、ntre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2002 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12255-9:2002 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:42:57 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12255-9:2002
14、 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 1Scope 5 2Normative references 5 3Terms and definitions5 4Design principles.6 4.1General6 4.2Sources and nature of odours7 4.3Odour measurement8 4.4Planning8 4.4.1Preliminary considerations.8 4.4.2Detailed planning.9 4.4.3Criteria for selection10 4.5Design requirements
15、 .11 4.5.1General11 4.5.2Chemical addition11 4.5.3Treatment of odorous air 11 4.5.4Design of covers11 4.5.5Design of ventilation plant12 4.6Process requirements .12 4.7Maintenance and Operation13 Annex A (informative) Odour potential and odour emission capacity, measurement of odour emission rate.14
16、 A.1Odour Potential and Odour Emission Capacity14 Bibliography16 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:42:57 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12255-9:2002 (E) 3 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 165, “Wastewater engineeri
17、ng“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2002. It is
18、 the ninth part prepared by the Working Groups CEN/TC 165/WG 42 and 43 relating to the general requirements and processes for treatment plants for a total number of inhabitants and population equivalents (PT) over 50. The parts of the series are as follows: ? Part 1: General construction principles
19、? Part 3: Preliminary treatment ? Part 4: Primary settlement ? Part 5: Lagooning processes ? Part 6: Activated sludge processes ? Part 7: Biological fixed-film reactors ? Part 8: Sludge treatment and storage ? Part 9: Odour control and ventilation ? Part 10: Safety principles ? Part 11: General data
20、 required ? Part 12: Control and automation ? Part 13: Chemical treatment Treatment of wastewater by precipitation/flocculation ? Part 14: Disinfection ? Part 15: Measurement of the oxygen transfer in clean water in aeration tanks of activated sludge plants ? Part 16: Physical (mechanical) filtratio
21、n1) NOTEFor requirements on pumping installations at wastewater treatment plants, provided initially as part 2 “Pumping installations for wastewater treatment plants“, see EN 752-6 “Drain and sewer systems outside buildings Part 6: Pumping installations”. The parts EN 12255-1, EN 12255-3 to EN 12255
22、-8 and EN 12255-10 and EN 12255-11 were implemented together as a European package (Resolution BT 152/1998). 1) In preparation. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:42:57 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12255-9:2002 (E) 4 According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regul
23、ations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland an
24、d the United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:42:57 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12255-9:2002 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies design principles and performance requirements for odour control and associated ventilation for wastewater t
25、reatment plants. The primary application is for wastewater treatment plants designed for the treatment of domestic and municipal wastewater for over 50 PT. Differences in wastewater treatment throughout Europe have led to a variety of systems being developed. This standard gives fundamental informat
26、ion about the systems; this standard has not attempted to specify all available systems. Detailed information additional to that contained in this standard may be obtained by referring to the Bibliography. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, prov
27、isions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it
28、 by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 752-4, Drain and sewer systems outside buildings Part 4: Hydraulic design and environmental considerations. EN 1085, Wastewater treatment Vocabulary. prEN 13725, Air
29、 quality Determination of the odour concentration by dynamic olfactometry. ISO 5492:1997, Sensory analysis Vocabulary. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 1085 and the following apply. 3.1 olfactometry measurement of the response
30、of assessors to olfactory stimuli (see ISO 5492). Definition according to prEN 13725 3.2 odour concentration the number of European Odour Units in a cubic metre of gas at standard conditions. The odour concentration has the symbol cod and the unit ouE/m3 (see prEN 13725) NOTE The value of the odour
31、concentration is the dilution factor that is necessary to reach the detection threshold. At the detection threshold, the odour concentration of the mixture is 1 ouE/m by definition. EXAMPLE If a sample has to be diluted by a factor of 300 to reach the detection threshold, the odour concentration of
32、the sample is cOD = 300 ouE/m3. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:42:57 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12255-9:2002 (E) 6 3.3 odorant flow rate; odour emission rate the odorant flow rate qod is the quantity of odorous substances passing through a defined area p
33、er unit time. It is the product of the odour concentration cod, the outlet velocity v and the outlet area A or the product of the odour concentration cod and the pertinent volume flow rate ? V. Its unit is ouE/h, ouE/min or ouE/s (see prEN 13725) NOTE Diffuse sources such as unaerated wastewater or
34、sludge surfaces, do not have a defined waste air flow, although they can emit odorants. In these cases, a special sampling procedure is necessary which is discussed in prEN 13725 (see annex A). Odorant flow rates can be used in an analogous fashion to mass flow rates when modelling the impact from a
35、 source. All odour sources will have an odorant flow rate, even where no air flow rate is easily identifiable. 4 Design principles 4.1 General Given the nature of wastewater it is not possible to guarantee that a wastewater treatment plant will be totally odour free. A well-designed plant minimises
36、the potential for odour problems. The potential for odour generation shall be considered at the earliest stages in the design of wastewater treatment works. The likelihood of odour emission, its impact and ease of treatment shall be considered in all aspects of design, especially: a) Minimise the se
37、pticity of the raw wastewater by considering the sewerage system. b) Process selection e.g. if septic wastewater is anticipated, possibilities to minimise odour are for example: ? minimise the retention time of the sludge in the primary settlement tank; ? having no primary settlement (thus avoiding
38、a major source of odour) and applying extended aeration; ? select a covered process. c) By locating the major sources of odour, wherever possible, away from the most sensitive locations surrounding the plant. For planning the direction and speed of winds local to the installation shall be taken into
39、 account. NOTE Situations with light wind or no wind and stable atmospheric conditions are most unfavourable for the dispersion of odours. Thus, if these situations happen very often, then the local wind direction during these situations is relevant instead of the generally prevailing wind direction
40、. d) By considering the location of unit processes relative to each other it may be possible to use a single abate- ment process to treat more than one source of odour or to use the odorous air from one process as process or combustion air in an adjacent process. Any decision to treat odorous air wi
41、ll require a process to be covered and ventilated with the vented air ducted to treatment. Covering, venting and treatment shall be designed as an integrated package. Where treatment plants are not covered or housed in buildings and the effect of odour is difficult to quantify prior to commissioning
42、 designs should allow for covering and/or ventilation at a later date. When tanks or processes are covered careful consideration is required of: a) explosion risk; b) corrosion prevention; c) health and safety of operators; Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:42:57 GMT+00:00 20
43、06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12255-9:2002 (E) 7 d) access for maintenance. 4.2Sources and nature of odours Odour is generated during the conveyance and treatment of wastewater due to the degradation of organic matter by micro-organisms under anaerobic conditions. Industrial wastewater can also
44、contain characteristic odorous constituents. The onset of septicity can be accelerated by elevated temperatures, high BOD concentration and presence of reducing chemicals. The range of odorous constituents is very wide and includes: ? hydrogen sulphide; ? ammonia; ? organic sulphur compounds; ? thio
45、ls (e.g. mercaptans); ? amines; ? indole and skatole; ? volatile fatty acids; ? other organic compounds. The conditions that give rise to odours occur most typically in: ? unfavourable conditions in the sewage systems (e.g. long retention times, poor maintenance, industrial discharges); ? long press
46、ure mains; ? some high rate treatment processes; ? anaerobic lagoons; ? sludge storage and treatment processes. Odours can be present or form in the sewer system or in the treatment plant. Once formed, odours tend to travel with the flow through the treatment process to be transferred to the atmosph
47、ere at points of turbulence or where there is a large air-water interface. Levels of odour can be increased by the recycling of liquors within a treatment process, particularly when recycling those produced by the thickening or dewatering of sludge. NOTEEN 752-4 gives guidance on minimising septicit
48、y in drain and sewer systems. Particular problems can however be found at: a) inlet works: strong odours in the incoming flow lead to high levels of release at inlet works; b) primary settlement tanks: if they receive a highly odorous flow or if excessive sludge is allowed to accumulate in the tank,
49、 generating septicity; c) secondary treatment if it is highly loaded or receives a highly odorous feed; d) sites for the transfer, storage and treatment of sludges, especially of non-stabilised sludges; e) leaks or emissions of biogas from anaerobic digestion and the first point of discharge of digested sludge. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 05:42:57 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12255-9:2002 (E) 8 4.3Odour measurement Quantitative measurements of odour shall be carried out when undertaking investi