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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS AU 50-2.3: 1994 Tyres and wheels Part 2: Wheels and rims Section 3: Specification for road-wheel nuts, studs, and bolts for commercial vehicles UDC 629.113.012.3:629.114.4:621.882 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:07:21 GMT+0
2、0:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 50-2.3:1994 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Automobile Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 January 1994 BSI 10-1999 The following BSI refere
3、nces relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference AUE/4 Draft for comment 92/85495 DC ISBN 0 580 22342 6 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Automobile Standards Policy Committee (AUE/-) to Technical Committee AUE
4、/4, upon which the following bodies were represented: Agricultural Engineers Association Automobile Association British Industrial Truck Association British Pressure Gauge Manufacturers Association British Rubber Manufacturers Association Bus and Coach Council Department of Transport Freight Transpo
5、rt Association Institute of Road Transport Engineers (Inc) Motor Cycle Industrys Association of Great Britain Ltd. Motor Industry Research Association National Tyre Distributors Association Retread Manufacturers Association Road Haulage Association Ltd. Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Ltd
6、. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:07:21 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 50-2.3:1994 BSI 10-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordiii Secti
7、on 3. Specification 3.1Scope1 3.2References1 3.3Definitions1 3.4Information and requirements to be agreed and to be documented1 3.5Surface condition2 3.6Captive washers for spigot-type wheel-nuts2 3.7Materials2 3.8Forming of bolts and studs2 3.9Coatings and surface treatments2 3.10 Thread form and q
8、uality2 3.11 Dimensions3 3.12 Testing5 3.13 Disposal of tested components8 3.14 Performance8 3.15 Documentation9 3.16 Marking and identification9 Annex A (normative) Dimensions of DIN spherical-faced (spherical collar) nuts (type A)10 Annex B (normative) Quality10 Annex C (normative) Proof test for
9、flat-faced nuts11 Annex D (normative) Proof test for conical-faced and spherical-faced nuts12 Annex E (normative) Proof test for studs and bolts14 Annex F (normative) Wedge test for bolt heads and stud collars15 Annex G (normative) Torque/clamping-force test for flat-faced nut type fixings18 Annex H
10、 (informative) Torque/clamping-force test for conical-faced and spherical-faced nut type fixings20 Figure 1 Dimensions of flat-faced nuts3 Figure 2 Dimensions of conical-faced nuts4 Figure 3 Critical dimensions of studs6 Figure 4 Critical dimensions of bolts7 Figure A.1 Dimensions of DIN spherical-f
11、aced (spherical collar) nuts (type A)10 Figure C.1 Proof test for flat-faced nuts12 Figure D.1 Adaptors for proof testing conical-faced and spherical-faced nuts and all studs and bolts13 Figure F.1 Wedge test for bolt-heads17 Figure F.2 Wedge test for stud-collars18 Figure G.1 Torque/clamping-force
12、test for nuts, bolts, and studs for flat-faced nut type fixings19 Figure H.1 Torque/clamping force test for nuts, bolts and studs for conical-faced and spherical-faced nut type fixings21 Table 1 Dimensions of flat-faced nuts4 Table 2 Dimensions of conical-faced nuts5 Licensed Copy: London South Bank
13、 University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:07:21 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 50-2.3:1994 ii BSI 10-1999 Page Table 3 Critical dimensions of studs5 Table 4 Critical dimensions of bolts8 Table A.1 Dimensions of DIN spherical-faced (spherical collar) nuts (type A)10 T
14、able C.1 Proof test for flat-faced nuts11 Table D.1 Proof test for conical-faced and spherical-faced nuts and all studs and bolts13 Table F.1 Dimensions of wedges15 Table F.2 Applied forces for the wedge test16 Table G.1 Torque/clamping-force performance for flat-faced nut type fixings20 Table H.1 T
15、orque/clamping-force performance for conical-faced nut type fixings22 Table H.2 Torque/clamping-force performance for spherical-faced nut type fixings22 List of referencesInside back cover Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:07:21 GMT+00:00 2006,
16、Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 50-2.3:1994 BSI 10-1999iii Foreword This section of BS AU 50 has been prepared under the direction of the Automobile Standards Policy Committee, and it forms part of the series of documents which relate to tyres and wheels for motor vehicles. There has been no attemp
17、t to fully define road-wheel components in a design-restrictive sense, but necessary requirements are specified to achieve secure fixing of commercial vehicle road-wheels. First, in order to improve the alignment and fit of mating parts, certain important dimensions with tolerances have been specifi
18、ed in this document for fixings, and a new size of 24 mm, which is already in limited use, has been introduced. The corresponding tolerances on wheel dimensions have been introduced in BS AU 50-2.2. Secondly, performance requirements for nuts, studs, and bolts are specified to suit the specialized s
19、hapes of wheel-fixings to ensure both adequate mechanical strength and repeatable torque/clamping-force characteristics during long periods of operation and repeated vehicle servicing. However, reference has been made to existing BS fastener specifications for the majority of performance tests. It i
20、s expected that studs and bolts will, in general, be formed by forging and rolling, and this is the recommended method of manufacture. Also in connection with road-wheel security, attention is drawn to BS AU 50-2.7 Code of practice for the selection and care of wheels for commercial vehicles. Tyre,
21、wheel, rim and valve requirements ore given in the following parts and sections of BS AU 50: Part 1: Tyres; Section 0: General; Section 1: Car tyres; Section 2: Commercial vehicle tyres; Section 3: Off-the-road tyres; Section 4: Agricultural tractor and machine tyres; Section 5d: Industrial vehicle
22、tyres; Section 6: Motorcycle tyres; Section 7: Moped tyres; Section 8: Code of practice for the storage of tyres, inner tubes and flaps; Part 2: Wheels and rims; Section 0: General (including terms and definitions, and construction and workmanship); Section 1b: Rim profiles and dimensions (including
23、 openings for valves); Section 2: Specification for dimensions of wheel naves and hub centres for commercial vehicles; Section 3: Specification for road-wheel nuts, studs and bolts for commercial vehicles; Section 4: Not published; Section 5b: Road wheels manufactured wholly or partly of cast light
24、alloy for passenger cars; Section 6: Specification for road wheels manufactured wholly or partly of light alloy for mopeds and motor cycles; Section 7: Code of practice for the selection and care of wheels for commercial vehicles; Section 8: Code of practice for the selection and care of wheels for
25、passenger cars (including caravans and light trailers); Part 3: Valves; Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:07:21 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 50-2.3:1994 iv BSI 10-1999 Section 1: Specification for valve dimensions; Section 2:
26、 Tyre valve threads 5V1, 5V2, 6V1 and 8V1; Section 3: Tyre valve threads 9V1, 10V2, 12V1 and 13V1; Section 4a: Tyre valve threads 8V2, 10V1, 11V1, 13V2, 15V1, 16V1, 17V1, 17V2, 17V3, 19V1 and 20V1; Section 5: Dimensions for ISO core chamber No. 1 for tyre inflation valves; Section 6: Dimensions for
27、ISO core chamber No. 2 for tyre inflation valves; Section 7: Code of practice for the selection and care of tyre inflation valves for passenger cars (including caravans and light trailers); Section 8: Code of practice for the selection and care of tyre inflation valves for commercial vehicles; Part
28、4: Rim profiles and dimensions; Section 0: General; Section 1: Car rims; Section 2: Commercial vehicle rims; Section 3: Off-the-road rims; Section 4: Agricultural tractor and machine rims; Section 5: Industrial vehicle rims; Section 6: Motorcycle rims; Section 7: Moped rims. A British Standard does
29、not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside
30、 front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 22, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, Londo
31、n South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:07:21 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 50-2.3:1994 BSI 10-19991 Section 3. Specification 3.1 Scope This Section of BS AU 50-2 specifies dimensions and performance requirements for a range of sizes of wheel and hub nuts, bolts, and studs for road
32、 vehicles. The range of sizes covered is normally used on heavy commercial vehicles, but if used on other types of vehicle the requirements of this standard are still applicable. This standard does not cover back-nuts which are used to secure certain types of stud to wheel-hubs but it does cover tha
33、t part of the stud on which the back-nut fits. The standard is applicable to fasteners for spigot-located wheels employing 18 mm, 20 mm, 22 mm, and 24 mm studs with hexagonal nuts fitted with flat-seating, captive washers (type A mounting), cone-fixings of 18 mm, 7/8 in British Standard Fine (BSF),
34、and 1 in BSF sizes (type B mounting), and spherical-faced nuts for 18 mm, 20 mm and 22 mm sizes. NOTEMounting types A and B are defined in BS AU 50-2.2. BSF threads are specified in BS 84, which is obsolescent, and such threads should be used only for replacement components for existing vehicles. Sp
35、herical-faced nuts are specified in DIN 74361 and dimensional details are given in Annex A. In addition to the definitive requirements, this standard also requires the items listed in 3.4 to be documented. For compliance with this standard, both the definitive requirements and the documented items h
36、ave to be satisfied. 3.2 References 3.2.1 Normative references This Section of BS AU 50-2 incorporates, by reference, provisions from specific editions of other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate points in the text and the publications are listed on the inside back
37、 cover. Subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications apply to this Section of BS AU 50-2 only when incorporated in it by updating or revision. 3.2.2 Informative references This Section of BS AU 50-2 refers to other publications that provide information or guidance. The editio
38、ns of these publications current at the time of issue of this standard are listed on the inside back cover, but reference should be made to the latest editions. 3.3 Definitions For the purposes of this Section of BS AU 50-2, the following definitions apply: 3.3.1 nut hexagonal component with an axia
39、l, threaded hole and with its intended contact face of conical shape, spherical shape, or carrying a flat-faced, captive washers; used to secure the road-wheel to the hub 3.3.2 captive washer washer secured to a nut so as to prevent loss of the washer but to permit rotation of the nut on the washer
40、about the axis of the thread 3.3.3 bolt externally threaded fixing with a head on one end and usually with a portion of unthreaded shank adjacent to the head 3.3.4 stud externally threaded component with threads at both ends and usually with a flat-faced, cone-faced, or spherical-faced collar near t
41、o the centre portion 3.3.5 critical dimensions dimensions which ensure interchangeability and avoid the creation of features likely to result in poor fatigue strength 3.3.6 clamping force the force which is applied by the bearing face of the fastener against a mating component after application of a
42、 specified tightening torque 3.4 Information and requirements to be agreed and to be documented The following items to be agreed between the contracting parties, which are specified in the clauses referred to, shall be fully documented. Both the definitive requirements specified throughout this Sect
43、ion of BS AU 50-2 and the following documented items shall be satisfied before a claim of conformity can be made and verified: a) the type of stud or bolt material, i.e. through-hardened or case-hardened (see 3.7); b) special coatings of nuts, studs or bolts (see 3.9); c) any lubrication requirement
44、s (see 3.14.5); d) the sampling rates for design evaluation and conformity of production (see B.1, B.2). Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:07:21 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS AU 50-2.3:1994 2 BSI 10-1999 3.5 Surface condition Nut
45、s and captive washers, bolts, and studs shall be free from loose scale and corrosion. Nuts shall conform to BS EN 493:1992 in respect of surface discontinuities. Bolts and studs shall conform to BS EN 26157-3:1992 in respect of surface discontinuities. 3.6 Captive washers for spigot-type wheel-nuts
46、Nuts intended for spigot-type wheels shall incorporate a captive washer. Where a captive washer is retained on the nut by means of a swaged, thin-wall extension to the nut, such swaging shall: a) be free from splits; b) securely retain the washer; c) permit the washer sufficient general freedom such
47、 that the self-aligning properties of the nut on the washer are not impaired. 3.7 Materials 3.7.1 Bolts and studs 3.7.1.1 Through-hardened and tempered materials The material shall conform to either condition V of BS 970-1:1991 or BS 970-3:1991 or property class 10.9 of BS EN 20898-1:1992 (see 3.4).
48、 3.7.1.2 Case-hardened materials For bolts requiring high surface hardness, case-hardened or surface-hardened steels shall be used (see 3.4). The metallurgical conditions after heat-treatment shall be: a) surface hardness between 380 HV 5 and 500 HV 5; b) case depth 0.25 mm maximum; c) core hardness
49、 between 300 HV 30 and 380 HV 30. 3.7.2 Nuts Nuts shall be made of steel conforming to either condition U of BS 970-1:1991 or property class 10 of BS EN 20898-6:1992. 3.8 Forming of bolts and studs In any manufacturing operation, a smooth fillet radius shall be formed at the junction of any head or collar with the shank. For fillet radii having a 90 arc, the sizes shall conform to Table 3 and Table 4 of 3.11.4, which are sizes equivalent to those in