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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 10218-1:1994 Steel wire and wire products General Part 1: Test methods The European Standard EN 10218-1:1994 has the status of a British Standard UDC 669.14-426:620.1 BS EN 10218-1:1994 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Iron and Steel Stand
2、ards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 June 1994 BSI 02-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference ISM/26 Draft for comment 91/47200 DC ISBN 0 580 21777 9 Cooperating organizations Th
3、e European Committee for Standardization (CEN), under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards organizations of the following countries: AustriaOesterreichisches Normungsinstitut BelgiumInstitut belge de normalisation DenmarkDansk Standardiseringsraad F
4、inlandSuomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y. FranceAssociation franaise de normalisation GermanyDeutsches Institut fr Normung e.V. GreeceHellenic Organization for Standardization IcelandTechnological Institute of Iceland IrelandNational Standards Authority of Ireland ItalyEnte Nazionale Italiano di Unifi
5、cazione LuxembourgInspection du Travail et des Mines NetherlandsNederlands Normalisatie-instituut NorwayNorges Standardiseringsforbund PortugalInstituto Portugus da Qualidade SpainAsociacin Espaola de Normalizacin y Certificacin SwedenStandardiseringskommissionen i Sverige SwitzerlandAssociation sui
6、sse de normalisation United KingdomBritish Standards Institution Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments BS EN 10218-1:1994 BSI 02-1999i Contents Page Cooperating organizations Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 Text of EN 10218-1 3 National annex NA (informative) Co
7、mmittees responsible Inside back cover National annex NB (informative) Cross-references Inside back cover BS EN 10218-1:1994 ii BSI 02-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Iron and Steel Standards Policy Committee. It is the English language versi
8、on of EN 10218-1 Steel wire and wire products General Part 1: Test methods drawn up by ECISS (European Committee for Iron and Steel Standardization) and published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). It supersedes BS 4545:1970 which is withdrawn. A British Standard does not purport t
9、o include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover,
10、 pages i and ii, the EN title page, pages 2 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. -EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCH
11、E NORM EN 10218-1 March 1994 UDC 669.14-426:620.1 Descriptors: Iron and steel products, wire, steels, tests English version Steel wire and wire products General Part 1: Test methods Fils et produits trfils en acier Gnralits Partie 1: Mthodes dessai Stahldraht und Drahterzeugnisse Allgemeines Teil 1:
12、 Prfverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1994-03-07. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliograp
13、hical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CE
14、N member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain
15、, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1994 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN 10218-1:1994 E EN 10218-1:1994 BSI 02-1999 2
16、Foreword The European Committee for Iron and Steel Standardization (ECISS) asked Technical Committee 30, Steel wire and wire products, (Secretariat UK) to prepare a European Standard on general test methods and general dimensions and tolerances for steel wire and wire products. The standard will com
17、prise the following Parts: Part 1: Test methods; Part 2: Wire dimensions and tolerances. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 1994, and conflicting national standards shall be
18、 withdrawn at the latest by September 1994. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain
19、, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword 2 Introduction 3 1Scope 3 2Normative references 3 3Tensile test 3 4Simple torsion test 4 5Reverse bend test 4 6Wrapping test 4 7Bend test 4 8Reverse torsion test 4 9Compression test 4 10Deep etch test 4 11Hardness test 4 12Quench hardenab
20、ility test 5 13Fatigue test (bend and axial) 5 14Wire cast measurement 5 15Artificial ageing 7 16Decarburization test 7 17Non-destructive tests 7 18Grain size tests 7 19Segregation test 7 20Non-metallic inclusion test 7 21Chemical analysis 7 22Retests 7 Figure 1 Sampling of wire 6 Figure 2 Closed ci
21、rcular cast 6 Figure 3 Open circular cast 6 Figure 4 Helix (method A) 6 Figure 5 Helix (method B) 7 Figure 6 Spiral cast 7 Table 1 Evaluation of fractures occurring during torsion test 5 EN 10218-1:1994 BSI 02-19993 Introduction In this Part of EN 10218 in some cases reference is simply made to othe
22、r test standards whereas in other cases the test is described in detail. The standard is intended to be referenced in whole or part in steel wire and wire products standards. 1 Scope This Part of EN 10218 specifies the methods for the general testing of steel wire and wire products which have been c
23、old worked, annealed or oil hardened and tempered and/or coated and are of constant cross section, either round, or special section. It includes tensile testing, torsion testing, reverse bend testing, wrapping test, bend test, reverse torsion test, compression test, deep etch test, hardness test, qu
24、ench hardenability test, fatigue test, wire cast measurement, artificial ageing, decarburization test, non-destructive tests, grain size tests, segregation test, non-metallic inclusion test and chemical analysis. 2 Normative references This standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provis
25、ions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to EN 10218-1 only when incorporated in it by amendment o
26、r revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 10002, Metallic materials: Tensile testing Part 1: Method of test (at ambient temperature) Part 5: Method of test (at elevated temperature). EN 10003-1, Metallic materials: Hardness testing Brinell Part
27、1: Method of test. EN 10109-1, Metallic materials: Hardness testing Part 1: Rockwell test (scales A-B-C-D-E-F-G-H-K) and Rockwell superficial test (scales 15N, 30N, 45N, 15T, 30T and 45T). EN 10016-1, Non-alloy steel rod for drawing and/or cold rolling Part 1: General requirements. EN 10021, General
28、 technical delivery conditions for steel and iron and steel products. EURONORM 5, Vickers hardness test for steel1). EURONORM 18, Selection and preparation of samples and test pieces for steel and iron and steel products1). EURONORM 103, Micrographic determination of ferritic or austenitic grain siz
29、e of steel1). EURONORM 104, Determination of the depth of decarburization of non-alloy and low alloy structural steels1). ISO 7800, Metallic materials: Wire: Simple torsion test2). ISO 7801, Metallic materials: Wire: Reverse bend test2). ISO 7802, Metallic materials: Wire: Wrapping test2). ISO 9649,
30、 Metallic materials: Wire: Reverse torsion test2). 3 Tensile test The tensile test shall be in accordance with EN 10002-1 for testing at ambient temperature and Part 5 for testing at elevated temperature with the modifications specified in 3.1 to 3.5. NOTEFor fine wires 0,5 mm diameter or less any r
31、equirements for elongation values should not be mandatory but for information only. 3.1 Type of test piece Test pieces shall be selected in accordance with EURONORM 18 using the full cross section, i.e. be an unmachined portion of wire. 3.2 Preparation of test piece The test piece shall be straighte
32、ned with care so as not to cause damage. (See EN 10002-1 and EURONORM 18.) 3.3 Cross-sectional area In EN 10002-1 the actual dimensions are used for tensile calculations but the nominal dimensions may be used if specified in the product standard or order. For non-circular wire the original cross-sec
33、tional area may be determined from the mass of a known length and its appropriate density. 3.4 Method of gripping To avoid breakages of the wire at the gripping zone, when testing the smaller diameters less than or equal to 1 mm, it is recommended the wire ends are wrapped round a circular bar or di
34、sc and fastened. 1) It may be agreed at the time of ordering, until this EURONORM has been adopted as a European Standard, that either this EURONORM or a corresponding national standard should be applied. 2) The ISO standards are referenced in the absence of European Standards. It is probable the IS
35、O standards could be adopted as European Standards in due course. EN 10218-1:1994 4 BSI 02-1999 3.5 Tensile test on knotted wire The tensile test on knotted wire shall be carried out in accordance with EN 10002-1 with a simple knot in the middle of the test piece. 4 Simple torsion test The simple to
36、rsion test shall be in accordance with ISO 7800. In the event of initial failure a retest shall be carried out (see EN 10021). Where possible the retest shall be conducted at a speed of 1 0,2 turns/s. Where the fracture in the torsion test is required to be characterized it shall be done on the basi
37、s of Table 1. NOTEFor small diameter wires it may not be possible to make a distinction between some of the classes in Table 1 (e.g. 2b versus 3b). 5 Reverse bend test The reverse bend test shall be in accordance with ISO 7801 with the following amendment for automatic counters. If the testing machi
38、ne has an automatic counter operating at the limit stops, then the first bend down through 90 counts as one bend and the second bend is represented by the 180 bend in the opposite direction. The last figure obtained before fracture occurs counts as the number of bends. 6 Wrapping test The wrapping t
39、est shall be in accordance with ISO 7802 and may be applied to assess coilability, ductility or the adherence of coatings as specified in the relevant product standard. 7 Bend test The bend test comprises bending the wire which is allowed to move freely over a mandrel of specified diameter through a
40、 specified angle in one operation at ambient temperature. Details will be given in the relevant product standard. 8 Reverse torsion test The reverse torsion test shall be in accordance with ISO 9649 with the following amendment. The test shall be used to detect surface defects as well as to assess d
41、uctility. 9 Compression test 9.1 Purpose The purpose of the test is to detect surface defects. This test is not suitable for wires of less than 4,0 mm diameter. 9.2 Principle A straight test piece of wire equal in length to 1 (or 1,5 times) the diameter of the wire is cut, with cuts at right angles
42、to the wire axis. The test piece is placed on a flat surface of a compression machine and compressed at room temperature in the direction of the wire axis to a specified percentage of its original length. The compressed test piece is examined for surface cracking. The degree of acceptability is spec
43、ified in the product standard. 10 Deep etch test 10.1 Purpose The deep etch test is used for the detection of surface defects. 10.2 Principle A cold test piece is suitably degreased where appropriate. The test piece which has undergone deformation by drawing is washed and dried and in the case of hi
44、gh carbon steel the test piece is stress relieved at 400 C to 500 C for 15 min and allowed to cool to ambient temperature before etching. With the exception of test pieces greater than 5,00 mm and test pieces of annealed structures, the test piece is immersed in a solution of 50 % by volume concentr
45、ated hydrochloric acid and 50 % by volume of water, at a minimum temperature of 60 C for a period of time equivalent to 2 s for every 0,025 mm of diameter with a maximum of 5 min. Test pieces greater than 5,00 mm and test pieces of annealed structures may be left in the solution for 10 min. The test
46、 piece is examined for surface defects. To ascertain the depth of defect the test piece is filed until the defect disappears, the difference in thickness before and after filing being recorded as the defect depth. For a definitive assessment of a defect, optical micrographical analysis shall be used
47、. 11 Hardness test Hardness testing shall be in accordance with EN 10003-1, EN 10109-1 or EURONORM 5 as specified in the product standard or in the order. A distinction should be made between surface hardness, core hardness and through hardness. NOTEThere is no relevant relationship between hardness
48、 and tensile strength. EN 10218-1:1994 BSI 02-19995 12 Quench hardenability test The test pieces for the quench hardening test shall be heated in a neutral or reducing furnace atmosphere up to the hardening temperature specified for the steel type, and maintained at this temperature until they are c
49、ompletely austenitized. They shall then be taken out of the furnace and promptly quenched down, in a high-duty quenching oil, to complete temperature equalization. The high-duty quenching oil shall be at a temperature of (50 10) C, be of sufficient volume and agitated such that together with the speed of immersion, the test pieces shall achieve the temperature of the quenching medium without significant delay. The hardness test shall be carried out in accordance with clause 11 on a suitably prepared