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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12373-9:1999 The Eu
2、ropean Standard EN 12373-9:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 25.220.20; 77.120.10 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Aluminium and aluminium alloys Anodizing Part 9: Measurement of wear resistance and wear index of anodic oxidation coatings using an ab
3、rasive wheel wear test apparatus Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 06:54:55 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 12373-9:1999 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the
4、authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 April 1999 BSI 04-1999 ISBN 0 580 32025 1 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateText affected National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 12373-9:1998.It supersedes BS 6161-9:1987 which is wi
5、thdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee STI/32, Anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation
6、, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implem
7、ent international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence Index, or by using the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to
8、 include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover,
9、the EN title page, pages 2 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 06:54:55 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central S
10、ecretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12373-9:1998 E EUROPEAN STANDARDEN 12373-9 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM November 1998 ICS 25.220.20; 77.120.10 Descriptors:
11、 surface treatment, anodizing, aluminium, aluminium alloys, wear tests, determination, wear resistance, abrasion resistance, specimen preparation English version Aluminium and aluminium alloys Anodizing Part9: Measurement of wear resistance and wear index of anodic oxidation coatings using an abrasi
12、ve wheel wear test apparatus Aluminium et alliages daluminium Anodisation Partie 9: De termination de la re sistance a lusure et de lindice dusure des couches doxyde anodiques par essai a la roue abrasive Aluminium und Aluminiumlegierungen Anodisieren Teil 9: Messung der Abriebfestigkeit und der Abr
13、iebzahl von anodisch erzeugten Oxidschichten durch Abriebpru fung mit einem Schleifscheiben-Pru fgera t This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 November 1998 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Stan
14、dard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French,
15、 German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmar
16、k, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 06:54:55 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 2 EN 12373-9:1998 BSI 04-1999 Forewo
17、rd This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 132, Aluminium and aluminium alloys, the Secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the late
18、st by May 1999, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 1999. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark
19、, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. It is based upon ISO 8251:1987. In this standard, annex A is normative. EN 12373, Aluminium and aluminium alloys Anodizing, comprises the followi
20、ng parts: Part 1: Method for specifying decorative and protective anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium. Part 2: Determination of mass per unit area (surface density) of anodic oxidation coatings Gravimetric method. Part 3: Determination of thickness of anodic oxide coatings Non-destructive measure
21、ment by split beam microscope. Part 4: Estimation of loss of absorptive power of anodic oxidation coatings after sealing by dye spot test with prior acid treatment. Part 5: Assessment of quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings by measurement of admittance. Part 6: Assessment of quality of sealed
22、 anodic oxidation coatings by measurement of the loss of mass after immersion in phosphoric acid/chromic acid solution without prior acid treatment. Part 7: Assessment of quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings by measurement of the loss of mass after immersion in phosphoric acid/chromic acid so
23、lution with prior acid treatment. Part 8: Determination of the comparative fastness to ultra-violet light and heat of coloured anodic oxidation coatings. Part 9: Measurement of wear resistance and wear index of anodic oxidation coatings using an abrasive wheel wear test apparatus. Part 10: Measureme
24、nt of mean specific abrasion resistance of anodic oxidation coatings using an abrasive jet test apparatus. Part 11: Measurement of specular reflectance and specular gloss of anodic oxidation coatings at angles of 208, 458, 608 or 858. Part 12: Measurement of reflectance characteristics of aluminium
25、surfaces using integrating-sphere instruments. Part 13: Measurement of reflectivity characteristics of aluminium surfaces using a goniophotometer or an abridged goniophotometer. Part 14: Visual determination of image clarity of anodic oxidation coatings Chart scale method. Part 15: Assessment of res
26、istance of anodic oxidation coatings to cracking by deformation. Part 16: Check for continuity of thin anodic oxidation coatings Copper sulfate test. Part 17: Determination of electric breakdown potential. Part 18: Rating system for the evaluation of pitting corrosion Chart method. Part 19: Rating s
27、ystem for the evaluation of pitting corrosion Grid method. Contents Page Foreword2 Introduction3 1Scope3 2Normative references3 3Definitions3 4Principle3 5Apparatus4 6Procedure4 7Expression of results6 8Test report7 Annex A (normative) Preparation of standard specimen8 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun she
28、ffieldun, na, Sat Oct 28 06:54:55 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 3 EN 12373-9:1998 BSI 04-1999 1)See foreword. Introduction Wear resistance can be closely related to the quality of an anodic oxidation coating, and its performance in service, since it is dependent upon the compositio
29、n of the metal, the thickness of the coating, and the conditions of anodizing and sealing. For example, the effect of an abnormally high anodizing temperature, which could cause potential deterioration in service by chalking of the surface layers, can be readily detected by means of an abrasive wear
30、 resistance test. 1 Scope This Part of this European Standard specifies a method of test for determining the wear resistance and the wear index of anodic oxidation coatings on flat specimens of aluminium and its alloys by means of an abrasive wheel wear test apparatus. The wear resistance or the wea
31、r index of the layers of oxide near the surface, or of the whole oxidation coating thickness, or of any selected intermediate zone, can be determined by the method described. For most purposes the wear index (see 7.3) or the mass wear index (see 7.4) will be the most appropriate characteristic to de
32、termine. The method is applicable to all anodic oxidation coatings of thickness not less than 5 mm on flat aluminium specimens. This method is not applicable to concave or convex specimens; these may be examined using the abrasive jet test method (see EN 12373-101) which will give an average value f
33、or the abrasion resistance of the coating. NOTEMinimum test specimen dimensions of 50 mm 3 50 mm are normally required. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriat
34、e places in this text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publicatio
35、n referred to applies. EN ISO 2360, Non-conductive coatings on non-magnetic basis metals Measurement of coating thickness Eddy current method. (ISO 2360:1982) 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 test piece specimen on which the test is to be carried
36、out 3.2 standard specimen specially prepared anodized test specimen produced in accordance with annex A 3.3 reference specimen test specimen produced under conditions agreed between the purchaser and the anodizer 3.4 double stroke one complete reciprocal movement made by the abrasive wheel 4 Princip
37、le The anodic oxidation coating on a specimen is abraded, under defined conditions, by reciprocal motion against a strip of silicon carbide paper attached to the outer circumference of a wheel. After each double stroke, the wheel turns through a small angle to bring an unused portion of the abrasive
38、 strip into contact with the test area. The decrease in coating thickness, or mass, obtained is used to calculate the wear index or wear resistance. This result is compared with that obtained using a standard specimen (see annex A) or some other reference specimen. NOTE 1The method normally requires
39、 an eddy current coating thickness meter with a probe of less than 12 mm diameter. If this is not available, then the method of loss in mass should be used. NOTE 2A complete presentation of the wear characteristics of the anodic oxidation coating can be obtained by progressively abrading the test ar
40、ea, until the substrate metal is revealed, and then constructing a graph to show the relation between the coating thickness removed and the number of double strokes used. This is referred to as a depth survey of the anodic oxidation coating (see 6.4). Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat
41、Oct 28 06:54:55 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 4 EN 12373-9:1998 BSI 04-1999 5 Apparatus 5.1 Abrasive wheel wear test apparatus The apparatus consists of a clamping device or pressure plate for holding the specimen see (6.1.2) level and rigid, and a 50 mm diameter wheel, to the oute
42、r circumference of which is attached a 12 mm wide strip of silicon carbide paper (see 5.2). The force between the wheel and the test surface shall be capable of being varied from zero to at least 4,9 N, with an accuracy of0,05 N. The abrasive action is produced either by the fixed wheel sliding to a
43、nd fro in a horizontal plane in parallel contact with the test surface over a 30 mm length or, alternatively, by the test specimen sliding in a similar way over the stationary wheel. After each double stroke, the wheel is advanced through a small angle to bring a fresh area of the silicon carbide pa
44、per into contact with the surface before making the next double stroke. The angle of rotation is such that after 400 double strokes the wheel will have made one complete revolution. At this stage the strip of silicon carbide paper shall be renewed. The relative speed of movement shall be (402) doubl
45、e strokes per minute. The number of double strokes can be registered by means of a counter and provision is normally made for the apparatus to switch off automatically after a preset number of double strokes has been reached (400 maximum). The test surface shall be kept free from loose powder or abr
46、asion detritus during the test. 5.2 Abrasive strip The abrasive strip consists of 45 mm (320 mesh) grade silicon carbide paper 12 mm wide. Its length shall be such that it covers the abrasive wheel without overlapping, and it shall be either bonded or mechanically clamped into position. 5.3 Eddy cur
47、rent meter Eddy current meter with suitable diameter probe (see EN ISO 2360:1995). 6 Procedure 6.1 Specimens with coatings produced by sulfuric acid anodizing 6.1.1 Standard specimen Prepare the standard specimen in accordance with annex A. 6.1.2 Test piece Cut a suitably sized test piece from the i
48、tem to be tested without damaging the area to be tested. NOTETest piece dimensions of 50 mm 3 50 mm are usually required (but see 6.1.4). 6.1.3 Calibration of apparatus 6.1.3.1 Select and mark the area of the standard specimen (see 6.1.1) to be abraded. Accurately measure the anodic oxidation coatin
49、g thickness in each of at least three positions along the test area by means of the eddy current meter (5.3) in accordance with the method specified in EN ISO 2360:1995 and calculate an average thickness value (d1) . 6.1.3.2 Clamp the standard specimen into position on the apparatus (5.1). 6.1.3.3 Attach a new strip of silicon carbide paper (5.2) to the circumference of the abrasive wheel. Adjust the abrasive wheel, in accordance with the manufacturers instructions, so that it gives uniform abrasion across the width