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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 10275:1999 The Euro
2、pean Standard EN 10275:1999 has the status of a British Standard ICS 77.040.10 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Metallic materials Tube ring hydraulic pressure test Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 04:19:48 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy
3、, (c) BSI This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 September 1999 BSI 09-1999 ISBN 0 580 32637 3 BS EN 10275:1999 Amendments issued since publication A
4、md. No.DateComments National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 10275:1999. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee ISE/NFE/4, Mechanical testing of metals, to Subcommittee ISE/NFE/4/2, Ductility tests, which has the responsibili
5、ty to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations
6、represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Corr
7、espondence Index, or by using the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not
8、of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 7 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed throughout this document indicates when the document was last issued. Licensed Copy: s
9、heffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 04:19:48 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1999 CEN All rights of exploitation in a
10、ny form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 10275:1999 E EUROPEAN STANDARDEN 10275 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM May 1999 ICS 77.040.10 English version Metallic materials Tube ring hydraulic pressure test Mate riaux me talliques Essai dexpansion hydrauliqu
11、e sur anneau tubulaire Metallische Werkstoffe Hydraulischer Ringaufweitversuch This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 April 1999. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a natio
12、nal standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any
13、 other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, German
14、y, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 04:19:48 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 2 EN 10275:1999 BSI 09-1999 Foreword This European Standard ha
15、s been prepared by Technical Committee ECISS/TC 29, Steel tubes and fittings for steel tubes, the Secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 1999
16、, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 1999. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. This European Standard is considered to be a supporting standard to those
17、application and product standards which in themselves support an essential safety requirement of a New Approach Directive and which make reference to this European Standard. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound t
18、o implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword2 1Scope3 2Symbols3 3Principle3 4Apparatus3 5T
19、est ring3 6Test procedure5 7Hoop strength evaluation6 8Test report6 Annex A (informative) Proof and reduced section testing7 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 04:19:48 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 3 EN 10275:1999 BSI 09-1999 1 Scope This European Standard spec
20、ifies the ring hydraulic pressure test for metallic tubes. It is generally applied to tubes with an outside diameter generally greater than 120 mm and outside diameter to thickness ratio not less than 20. The objective of this test is to ascertain the value of the hoop stress required to produce a s
21、pecified total circumferential (hoop) strain. 2 Symbols Symbols and corresponding designations are given in Table 1. Table 1 Symbols and designations SymbolUnitDesignation TmmMeasured tube test ring thickness DmmMeasured outside diameter of the tube test ring LmmLength of tube test ring pN/mm2Hydros
22、tatic pressure to produce the specified total strain xSpecified total strain RtxN/mm2Hoop strength at the specified total strain 3 Principle The test involves the unrestrained expansion of the test ring between two platens, under internal hydraulic pressure; the outer circumference of the tube is th
23、e effective test piece gauge length. The test is carried out on a test piece (see Figure 1) removed from a welded or seamless tube of thickness up to a limit dependent upon the capacity of the machine and the strength of the tube. Where the hydraulic pressure required to produce the specified circum
24、ferential strain exceeds the capacity of the test machine modified tests may be carried out as described in annex A. The test is specified when a measure of the hoop strength is required which is not influenced by cold forming and residual stress introduced when flattening a standard tensile test pi
25、ece. The standard tensile test is necessary, however, when tensile strength and elongation measurements are required. 4 Apparatus 4.1 The testing machine shall be capable of allowing the test ring to expand freely without imposing any end restraint. This shall be achieved by leaving a small gap betw
26、een the test piece and the top platen. Pressure loss during testing shall be prevented by the use of a flexible seal. NOTEA typical testing machine is shown schematically in Figure 2. 4.2 To reduce friction between the test piece, platens and inner die to a minimum, the platens shall be parallel and
27、 have a fine turned or ground finish. Prior to each test, friction at the contact surfaces shall be further minimized either by the use of a lubricant e.g. graphited grease or by the use of PTFE (polytetrafluorethylene) sheet. The platens shall be inspected regularly and any ridges that develop shal
28、l be removed. 4.3 Stress shall be applied to the test ring by means of a pressurized fluid. Provision shall be made to remove any air in the system through a bleed line. 5 Test ring 5.1 Shape and position 5.1.1 Prior to separation from the main body of the tube the test ring shall be marked with a u
29、nique identification. 5.1.2 The test ring may be prepared from an oversize flame cut sample. Final preparation shall be by a cold machining process to ensure removal of any heat affected zones. The machined edges shall have a fine turned or ground finish and be free from burrs. 5.1.3 The dimensions
30、and tolerances for the test piece are given in Figure 1. The machined edges shall be parallel and normal to the axis of the tube to within 0,15 mm measured across the diameter. 5.2 Determination of dimensions 5.2.1 The outside diameter of the test ring shall be calculated from measurement of the tub
31、e circumference, e.g. using a flexible steel tape. The maximum tolerance on the accuracy of this measurement shall be1 mm. 5.2.2 The wall thickness shall be determined by calculating the mean of eight measurements taken at approximately 458 intervals around the test piece, excluding the weld region
32、of welded tubes (see Figure 3). The measuring device shall be capable of measuring thickness with an accuracy of better than 0,025 mm. 5.2.3 All tube diameter and thickness measurements of the test ring shall be fully documented. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 04:19:48 GMT+00
33、:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 4 EN 10275:1999 BSI 09-1999 1) Tolerance on L 0,25 mm. L is commonly taken as 76 mm. NOTERemove all sharp edges and protect machined surfaces. Figure 1 Test ring dimensions and tolerances Figure 2 Schematic diagram of testing machine (with insalled test ring
34、) Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 04:19:48 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 5 EN 10275:1999 BSI 09-1999 Figure 3 Wall thickness measurement positions 6 Test procedure 6.1 The test procedure consists of applying pressure and measuring circumferential extension. 6
35、.2 Circumferential extension of the test ring shall be measured during pressurization as follows. The equipment for measuring the change of circumference, e.g. steel tape or roller chain extensometer shall be wrapped around the test ring perimeter at the mid-point and crossing at the weld. NOTEAn ex
36、ample of the use of a steel tape is shown in Figure 4. When a steel tape is used friction shall be minimized by coating both the tape and test ring circumference with a suitable lubricant. Change in circumference shall be measured by a suitable mechanical or electrical device having an accuracy of0,
37、25 mm. 6.3 The equipment for measuring the increase in circumference shall be wrapped around the test ring before application of the internal pressure. 6.4 The tolerance for the measurement of internal pressure shall be within1 %. Accuracy of the pressure measurement device shall be verified, e.g. b
38、y comparison with dead weight test equipment, at the commencement of a sequence of testing and then once every 200 tests, and not less than once per year during the testing period. 6.5 The rate of strain shall not exceed 0,2 % per minute. 6.6 The pressure and circumferential extension output signals
39、 shall be recorded, for example on a XY plotter, and related to the test piece identity. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 04:19:48 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 6 EN 10275:1999 BSI 09-1999 NOTEThe separation between the two parallel portions of the measuring d
40、evice shall be between 1,5 mm and 3,0 mm. Figure 4 Measuring device position for extension measurement 7 Hoop strength evaluation 7.1 A typical test pressurecircumferential extension record is shown in Figure 5. 7.2 The pressure p corresponding to the specified total strain shall be determined from
41、the test record. 7.3 For tubes where D/T $ 20 the hoop strength at the specified total strain shall be calculated from the formula: Rtx= pD 2T NOTE 1 For tubes with D/T 20 the hoop strength calculated from this formula becomes increasingly inaccurate and quantitative results should be used with caut
42、ion. Factors such as strain hardening could have a significant effect on the validity of the calculated strength. NOTE 2 The specified total strain is calculated from the circumferential extension divided by the original test ring circumference. 8 Test report The test report shall contain at least t
43、he following information: a) reference to this European Standard i.e. EN 10275; b) identification of test ring, e.g. cast No./tube No. /identification No.; c) material specification, if known; d) diameter and wall thickness of the tube; e) length of the tube test ring; f) calculated hoop strength at
44、 specified total strain; g) reference to an alternative test method used, when appropriate (see annex A). Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 04:19:48 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 7 EN 10275:1999 BSI 09-1999 Figure 5 Typical pressure/extension test record Annex
45、A (informative) Proof and reduced section testing A.1 Proof testing This method may be used where the stress necessary to produce the specified circumferential extension has not been achieved but where the stress in the test ring exceeds the specified minimum hoop strength requirement. In this case
46、the percentage circumferential expansion achieved shall be quoted in the report. A.2 Reduced section testing This method enables the stress corresponding to the specified circumferential extension to be achieved by a reduction in the test ring thickness. This reduction can be effected by machining t
47、he inside and/or outside diameter. To ensure that the full thickness is represented two or possibly three tests should be carried out after machining i) inside, ii) outside and iii) both diameters. Details of all test piece locations and dimensions relative to the full thickness ring section will be
48、 included in the report. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 04:19:48 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 10275:1999 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
49、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BSI British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter. Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions