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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 23878:1993 ISO 3878:1983 Hardmetals Vickers hardness test The European Standard EN 23878:1993 has the status of a British Standard UDC 669.018.25:620.178.152.341 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 03 08:56:45 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 23
2、878:1993 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Iron and Steel Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 June 1993 BSI 07-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Comm
3、ittee reference ISM/65 Special announcement in BSI News, January 1993 ISBN 0 580 21913 5 Cooperating organizations The European Committee for Standardization (CEN), under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards organizations of the following countries:
4、 AustriaOesterreichisches Normungsinstitut BelgiumInstitut belge de normalisation DenmarkDansk Standardiseringsraad FinlandSuomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y. FranceAssociation franaise de normalisation GermanyDeutsches Institut fr Normung e.V. GreeceHellenic Organization for Standardization IcelandTe
5、chnological Institute of Iceland IrelandNational Standards Authority of Ireland ItalyEnte Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione LuxembourgInspection du Travail et des Mines NetherlandsNederlands Normalisatie-instituut NorwayNorges Standardiseringsforbund PortugalInstituto Portugus da Qualidade SpainAso
6、ciacin Espaola de Normalizacin y Certificacin SwedenStandardiseringskommissionen i Sverige SwitzerlandAssociation suisse de normalisation United KingdomBritish Standards Institution Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 03 08:56:
7、45 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 23878:1993 BSI 07-1999i Contents Page Cooperating organizationsInside front cover National forewordii Foreword2 1Scope and field of application3 2References3 3Principle3 4Symbols and designations3 5Apparatus3 6Test pieces3 7Procedure3 8Expression o
8、f results4 9Test report4 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their relevant European publications5 National annex NA (informative) Relevant information from ISO 146, ISO 6507-1 and ISO 6507-26 National annex NB (informative) Committees responsibleInside back
9、cover National annex NC (informative) Cross-referenceInside back cover Figure NA.18 Figure NA.28 Table NA.16 Table NA.27 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 03 08:56:45 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 23878:1993 ii BSI 07-1999 National foreword This British Standard
10、has been prepared under the direction of the Iron and Steel Standards Policy Committee and is the English language version of EN 23878:1993 Hardmetals Vickers hardness test, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). It is identical with ISO 3878:1983, prepared by Technical Commi
11、ttee 119, Powder metallurgy, of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) with the active participation of the UK. This British Standard supersedes BS 5600-4.6:1987, which is withdrawn and from which it differs by the addition of Annex ZA. A British Standard does not purport to includ
12、e all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i
13、 and ii, the EN title page, pages 2 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov
14、03 08:56:45 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 23878 April 1993 UDC 669.018.25:620.178.152.341 Descriptors: Powder metallurgy, hard metals, mechanical tests, harness tests, Vickers hardness English version Hardmetals Vickers hardness test
15、(ISO 3878:1983) Mtaux-durs Essai de duret Vickers (ISO 3878:1983) Hartmetalle Vickers-Hrteprfung (ISO 3878:1983) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1993-04-02. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
16、 Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, Fr
17、ench, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland,
18、 France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brusse
19、ls 1993 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN 23878:1993 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 03 08:56:45 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 23878:1993 BSI 07-1999 2 Foreword In 1992, ISO 3878:1983 Hardmetals Vickers hardness test was submitted to the CEN Primary
20、Questionnaire procedure. Following the positive result of the CEN/CS Proposal ISO 3878:1983 was submitted to the Formal Vote. The result of the Formal Vote was positive. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsem
21、ent, at the latest by October 1993, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 1993. According to the Internal Regulations of CEN/CENELEC, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, G
22、reece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. NOTEThe European references to international publications are given in Annex ZA (normative). Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 03 08:56:45 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncon
23、trolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 23878:1993 BSI 07-19993 1 Scope and field of application This International Standard specifies the method of Vickers hardness test for hardmetals. 2 References ISO 146, Metallic materials Hardness test Verification of Vickers hardness testing machines HV 0,2 to HV 1001). ISO
24、 409, Metallic materials Hardness test Tables of Vickers hardness values for use in tests made on flat surfaces. Part 1: HV 5 to HV 100; Part 2: HV 0,2 to less than HV 5. ISO 4505, Hardmetals Metallographic determination of porosity and uncombined carbon. ISO 6507, Metallic materials Hardness test V
25、ickers test. Part 1: HV 5 to HV 100; Part 2: HV 0,2 to less than HV 5. 3 Principle See ISO 6507-1 and ISO 6507-2. 4 Symbols and designations See ISO 6507-1 and ISO 6507-2. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Testing machine, capable of applying a predetermined force or forces within the range of 9,807 N to 490,3 N (HV
26、1 to HV 50), in accordance with ISO 146. 5.2 Indenter, a diamond in the form of a right pyramid with a square base, in accordance with ISO 146. 5.3 Measuring device, capable of measuring indentation diagonals to the following accuracy: d 100 4m: 0,2 4m; 100 4m u d 200 4m: 1,0 4m; d W 200 4m: 0,5 %.
27、6 Test pieces 6.1 The thickness of the layer removed from the surface of the test piece shall be not less than 0,2 mm. The test shall be carried out on a surface which is free from foreign matter and, in particular, completely free from lubricants. The test surface shall be polished in accordance wi
28、th ISO 4505. Preparation shall be carried out in such a way that any alteration of the surface hardness, for example due to heat or cold working, is minimized. When determining the hardness of a test piece with a curved surface, a flat surface shall be prepared on the test piece on which to carry ou
29、t the test. 6.2 The prepared test piece shall be at least 1 mm thick. The thickness of the test piece shall be sufficient to allow the test to be carried out without breaking or deforming the test piece under the chosen force. For test pieces of small cross-section or of irregular shape, it may be n
30、ecessary to provide some form of additional support, for example mounting in plastic material. 7 Procedure 7.1 The test force shall be within the range of 9,807 N (HV 1) to 490,3 N (HV 50), the preferred force being 294,2 N (HV 30). 7.2 The test piece shall be placed firmly on a rigid support. The c
31、ontact surfaces shall be clean and free from foreign matter. It is important that the test piece is placed firmly on the support so that displacement cannot occur during the test. 7.3 Force the indenter without shock or vibration perpendicularly into the surface to be tested until the applied force
32、attains the specified value. The time from the initial application of force until the full test force is reached shall not be less than 2 s nor greater than 8 s. The duration of the test force shall be 10 to 15 s. 7.4 Throughout the test, the apparatus shall be protected from shock or vibration. 7.5
33、 If possible, at least three hardness determinations shall be made on the test piece. 7.6 The distance between the centre of any indentation and the edge of the test piece shall be at least 2,5 times the mean diagonal of the indentation. The distance between the centres of two adjacent indentations
34、shall be at least three times the mean diagonal of the indentation. If two adjacent indentations differ in size, the spacing shall be based on the mean diagonal of the larger indentation. 7.7 The satisfactory condition of the indenter shall be verified frequently. Any irregularities in the shape of
35、the indentation may indicate poor condition of the indenter. If the examination of the indenter confirms this, then the test shall be rejected and the indenter renewed. 1) At present at the stage of draft. (Revision of ISO 146.) Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 03 08:56:45 GMT+00:
36、00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 23878:1993 4 BSI 07-1999 7.8 Measure the lengths of the two diagonals. The arithmetical mean of the two readings shall be taken for the calculation of the Vickers hardness. 7.9 Attention is drawn to ISO 409-1 and 409-2, which contains conversion tables for use
37、in tests made on flat surfaces. 8 Expression of results Report the arithmetical mean of the hardness values obtained, rounded to the nearest 10 HV. 9 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) a reference to this International Standard; b) all details necessary for ident
38、ification of the test sample; c) result obtained; d) all operations not specified by this International Standard, or regarded as optional; e) details of any occurrence which may have affected the result. NOTEThere is no general process for accurately converting Vickers hardness into other scales of
39、hardness. These conversions, therefore, should be avoided, unless a reliable basis for the conversion can be obtained by comparison tests. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 03 08:56:45 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 23878:1993 BSI 07-19995 Annex ZA (normative) Normat
40、ive references to international publications with their relevant European publications This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed her
41、eafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). Publication
42、YearTitleEN/HDYear ISO 146Metallic materials Hardness test Verification of Vickers hardness testing machines HV 0,2 to HV 100 ISO 409-1Metallic materials Hardness test Tables of Vickers hardness values for use in tests made on flat surfaces Part 1: HV 5 to HV 100 ISO 409-2Metallic materials Hardness
43、 test Tables of Vickers hardness values for use in tests made on flat surfaces Part 2: HV 0,2 to less than HV 5 ISO 4505Hardmetals Metallographic determination of porosity and uncombined carbon EN 24505 ISO 6507-1Metallic materials Hardness test Vickers test Part 1: HV 5 to HV 100 ISO 6507-2Metallic
44、 materials Hardness test Vickers test Part 2: HV 0,2 to less than HV 5 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 03 08:56:45 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 23878:1993 6 BSI 07-1999 National annex NA (informative) Relevant information from ISO 146, ISO 6507-1 and ISO 6507-
45、2 NA.1 Introduction In clauses 3, 4 and 5 of this standard, reference is made to ISO 6507-1, ISO 6507-2 and ISO 146, for which there are no corresponding British Standards. In order to ensure that the required information is readily accessible to the user, relevant extracts from these international
46、standards are reproduced in the succeeding clauses. NA.2 Principle Forcing a diamond indenter in the form of a right pyramid with a square base and with a specified angle between opposite faces at the vertex into the surface of a test piece and measuring the diagonals of the indentation left in the
47、surface after removal of the test force, F. (See Figure NA.1). The Vickers hardness is proportional to the quotient obtained by dividing the test force by the sloping area of the identation which is assumed to be a right pyramid with a square base, and having at the vertex the same angle as the inde
48、nter. NA.3 Symbols and designations Table NA.1 NA.4 Verification of the test force NA.4.1 Each test force used (chosen from Table NA.2) within the working range of the testing machine, shall be measured, and, whenever applicable, this shall be done at not less than three positions of the plunger uni
49、formly spaced throughout its range of movement during testing. NA.4.2 The test force shall be measured by one of the following two methods: a) measuring by means of an elastic proving device previously calibrated to an accuracy of 0,2 %. b) balancing against a force, accurate to 0,2 % applied by means of standardized masses with mechanical advantage. NA.4.3 Three readings shall be taken for each test force at each position of the plunger. Immediately before each reading i