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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1993-4-3:2007 Eurocode 3 Design of steel structures Part 4-3: Pipelines The European Standard EN 1993-4-3:2007 has the status of a British Standard ICS 23.040.01; 91.010.30; 91.080.10 ? BS EN 1993-4-3:2007 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standard
2、s Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2007 BSI 2007 ISBN 978 0 580 50671 0 National foreword This British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN 1993-4-3:2007. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/525, Building and civil enginee
3、ring structures, to Subcommittee B/525/31, Structural use of steel. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct applic
4、ation. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1993-4-3 February 2007 ICS 23.040.01; 91.010.30; 91.080.10Supersedes ENV 1993-4-3:1999 English Versi
5、on Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures - Part 4-3: Pipelines Eurocode 3 - Calcul des constructions en acier - Partie 4-3: Tuyauterie Eurocode 3 - Bemessung und Konstruktion von Stahlbauten - Teil 4-3: Rohrleitungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 June 2006. CEN members are bound
6、 to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN
7、 Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same statu
8、s as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
9、 Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved wor
10、ldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1993-4-3:2007: E EN 1993-4-3: 2007 (E) 2 Content Foreword 3 Background of the Eurocode programme 3 Status and field of application of Eurocodes 4 National Standards implementing Eurocodes 4 Links between Eurocodes and harmonised technical specifications (
11、ENs and ETAs) 5 Additional information specific to EN 1993-4-3 5 National Annex for EN 1993-4-3 5 1 General 7 1.1 Scope 7 1.2 Normative references 8 1.3 Assumptions 9 1.4 Distinction between principles and application rules 9 1.5 Definitions 9 1.6 S.I. units 10 1.7 Symbols used in Part 4-3 of Euroco
12、de 3 10 1.8 Terminology 11 2 Basis of design 13 2.1 General 13 2.2 Fundamental requirements for pipelines 13 2.3 Reliability differentiation 13 2.4 Methods of analysis 14 2.5 Ultimate limit states 14 2.6 Serviceability limit states 15 3 Properties of materials 16 3.1 General 16 3.2 Mechanical proper
13、ties of pipeline steels 16 3.3 Mechanical properties of welds 16 3.4 Toughness requirements of plate materials and welds 17 3.5 Fasteners 17 3.6 Soil properties 17 4 Actions 18 4.1 Actions to be considered 18 4.2 Partial factors for actions 18 4.3 Load combinations for ultimate limit states 18 4.4 L
14、oad combinations for serviceability limit state design 19 5 Analysis 20 5.1 Structural models 20 5.2 Ultimate limit state verification 23 5.3 Serviceability limit state verifications 25 6 Structural design aspects of fabrication and erection 25 Annex A: informative - Analysis of resistances, deforma
15、tions, stresses and strains of buried pipelines 26 A.1 Procedure and scope of analysis 26 A.2 Analysis for straight pipes 26 A.3 Analysis for bends 33 Annex B: informative - Bibliography to National Standards and design guides 34 Annex C: informative - Bibliography 35 C.1 General bibliography on pip
16、elines 35 C.2 Bibliography on geotechnical engineering 39 EN 1993-4-3: 2007 (E) 3 Foreword This European Standard EN 1993-4-3, “Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures Part 4.3: Pipelines”, has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC250 Structural Eurocodes , the Secretariat of which is held by B
17、SI. CEN/TC250 is responsible for all Structural Eurocodes. This European Standard shall be given the status of a National Standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2007, and conflicting National Standards shall be withdrawn at latest by March 201
18、0. This document supersedes ENV 1993-4-3:1999. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the National Standard Organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germa
19、ny, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Background of the Eurocode programme In 1975, the Commission of the European Community decided on an
20、action programme in the field of construction, based on article 95 of the Treaty. The objective of the programme was the elimination of technical obstacles to trade and the harmonisation of technical specifications. Within this action programme, the Commission took the initiative to establish a set
21、of harmonised technical rules for the design of construction works which, in a first stage, would serve as an alternative to the National rules in force in the Member States and, ultimately, would replace them. For fifteen years, the Commission, with the help of a Steering Committee with Representat
22、ives of Member States, conducted the development of the Eurocodes programme, which led to the first generation of European codes in the 1980s. In 1989, the Commission and the Member States of the EU and EFTA decided, on the basis of an agreement1) between the Commission and CEN, to transfer the prep
23、aration and the publication of the Eurocodes to the CEN through a series of Mandates, in order to provide them with a future status of European Standard (EN). This links de facto the Eurocodes with the provisions of all the Councils Directives and/or Commissions Decisions dealing with European stand
24、ards (e.g. the Council Directive 89/106/EEC on construction products - CPD - and Council Directives 93/37/EEC, 92/50/EEC and 89/440/EEC on public works and services and equivalent EFTA Directives initiated in pursuit of setting up the internal market). The Structural Eurocode programme comprises the
25、 following standards generally consisting of a number of Parts: EN1990 Eurocode 0: Basis of structural design EN1991 Eurocode 1: Actions on structures EN1992 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures EN1993 Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures EN1994 Eurocode 4: Design of composite steel and concr
26、ete structures 1) Agreement between the Commission of the European Communities and the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) concerning the work on EUROCODES for the design of building and civil engineering works (BC/CEN/03/89). EN 1993-4-3: 2007 (E) 4 EN1995 Eurocode 5: Design of timber stru
27、ctures EN1996 Eurocode 6: Design of masonry structures EN1997 Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design EN1998 Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance EN1999 Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures Eurocode standards recognise the responsibility of regulatory authorities in each Member S
28、tate and have safeguarded their right to determine values related to regulatory safety matters at national level where these continue to vary from State to State. Status and field of application of Eurocodes The Member States of the EU and EFTA recognise that EUROCODES serve as reference documents f
29、or the following purposes: - as a means to prove compliance of building and civil engineering works with the essential requirements of Council Directive 89/106/EEC, particularly Essential Requirement N1 - Mechanical resistance and stability - and Essential Requirement N2 - Safety in case of fire; -
30、as a basis for specifying contracts for construction works and related engineering services; - as a framework for drawing up harmonised technical specifications for construction products (ENs and ETAs) The Eurocodes, as far as they concern the construction works themselves, have a direct relationshi
31、p with the Interpretative Documents2) referred to in Article 12 of the CPD, although they are of a different nature from harmonised product standards3). Therefore, technical aspects arising from the Eurocodes work need to be adequately considered by CEN Technical Committees and/or EOTA Working Group
32、s working on product standards with a view to achieving full compatibility of these technical specifications with the Eurocodes. The Eurocode standards provide common structural design rules for everyday use for the design of whole structures and component products of both a traditional and an innov
33、ative nature. Unusual forms of construction or design conditions are not specifically covered and additional expert consideration will be required by the designer in such cases. National Standards implementing Eurocodes The National Standards implementing Eurocodes will comprise the full text of the
34、 Eurocode (including any annexes), as published by CEN, which may be preceded by a National title page and National foreword, and may be followed by a National Annex. The National Annex may only contain information on those parameters which are left open in the Eurocode for national choice, known as
35、 Nationally Determined Parameters, to be used for the design of buildings and civil engineering works to be constructed in the country concerned, i.e. : 2) According to Art. 3.3 of the CPD, the essential requirements (ERs) shall be given concrete form in interpretative documents for the creation of
36、the necessary links between the essential requirements and the mandates for harmonised ENs and ETAGs/ETAs. 3) According to Art. 12 of the CPD the interpretative documents shall : (a) give concrete form to the essential requirements by harmonising the terminology and the technical bases and indicatin
37、g classes or levels for each requirement where necessary ; (b) indicate methods of correlating these classes or levels of requirement with the technical specifications, e.g. methods of calculation and of proof, technical rules for project design, etc. ; (c) serve as a reference for the establishment
38、 of harmonised standards and guidelines for European technical approvals. The Eurocodes, de facto, play a similar role in the field of the ER 1 and a part of ER 2. EN 1993-4-3: 2007 (E) 5 - values and/or classes where alternatives are given in the Eurocode, - values to be used where a symbol only is
39、 given in the Eurocode, - country specific data (geographical, climatic, etc), e.g. snow map, - the procedure to be used where alternative procedures are given in the Eurocode, - decisions on the application of informative annexes, - references to non-contradictory complementary information to assis
40、t the user to apply the Eurocode. Links between Eurocodes and harmonised technical specifications (ENs and ETAs) There is a need for consistency between the harmonised technical specifications for construction products and the technical rules for works4). Furthermore, all the information accompanyin
41、g the CE Marking of the construction products which refer to Eurocodes shall clearly mention which Nationally Determined Parameters have been taken into account. Additional information specific to EN 1993-4-3 EN 1993-4-3 gives design rules for the structural design of buried pipelines, in particular
42、 for the evaluation of the strength, stiffness and deformation capacity. The rules for local buckling in this part EN 1993-4-3 are in line with those in other pipeline standards. The design critical curvatures according to EN 1993-4-3 are larger than those that could be deduced from EN 1993-1-6. The
43、 main reasons are that the loading in buried pipelines is mainly deformation controlled and the consequences of local buckling are less severe than in structures where the loading is mainly load controlled. It is recognized that many standards exist for the design of pipelines covering many differen
44、t aspects. Examples are routing, pressure safety systems, corrosion protection, construction and welding, operation and maintenance. For aspects other than the structural design of the pipeline itself, reference is made to the relevant European standards listed in 1.3. This is also the case for elem
45、ents like valves, fittings, insulating couplings, tees and caps. Because up till now in EN 1991, no rules exist for actions (loads) on pipelines, reference is made to relevant EN standards on pipelines e.g. EN 1594 on gas transmission pipelines and EN 14161 on pipeline transportation systems for the
46、 petroleum and natural gas industries. National Annex for EN 1993-4-3 This standard gives alternative procedures, values and recommendations for classes with notes indicating where national choices may have to be made. Therefore the National Standard implementing EN 1993-4-3 should have a National A
47、nnex containing all Nationally Determined Parameters to be used for the design of buildings and civil engineering works to be constructed in the relevant country. National choice is allowed in EN 1993-4-3 through paragraphs: 2.3 (2) 3.2 (2)P, (3), (4) 3.3 (2), (3), (4) 3.4 (3) 4.2 (1)P 4) see Art.3.
48、3 and Art.12 of the CPD, as well as clauses 4.2, 4.3.1, 4.3.2 and 5.2 of ID 1. EN 1993-4-3: 2007 (E) 6 5.1.1 (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (9), (10), (11), (12), (13) 5.2.3 (2) 5.2.4 (1) EN 1993-4-3: 2007 (E) 7 1 General 1.1 Scope (1) This Part 4-3 of EN 1993 provides principles and application rules for
49、 the structural design of cylindrical steel pipelines for the transport of liquids or gases or mixtures of liquids and gases at ambient temperatures, which are not treated by other European standards covering particular applications. (2) Standards dealing with specific pipeline applications should be used for these purposes, notably - EN 805 : 2000 for water supply systems (drinking water); - EN 1295: 1997 for buried pipelines under various conditions of loading (wa