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1、BRITISH STANDARD AEROSPACE SERIES BS EN 2155-5:1989 Test methods for transparent materials for aircraft glazing Part 5: Determination of visible light transmission This European Standard EN 2155-5 has the status of a British Standard. UDC 629.73.023.26:620.1:535.345.1 2 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sh
2、effieldun, na, Thu Nov 02 17:52:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 2155-5:1989 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Aerospace Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 31 October 1989
3、BSI 09-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference ACE/62 Draft for comment 88/70404 DC ISBN 0 580 17930 3 Cooperating organizations The European Committee for Standardization, under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the n
4、ational standards organizations of the following Western European countries. AustriaOesterreichisches Normungsinstitut BelgiumInstitut belge de normalisation DenmarkDansk Standardiseringsraad FinlandSuomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y. FranceAssociation franaise de normalisation GermanyDeutsches Instit
5、ut fr Normung e.V. GreeceHellenic Organization for Standardization IcelandIcelandic Council for Standardization IrelandNational Standards Authority of Ireland ItalyEnte Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione LuxemburgInspection des travails et des Mines NetherlandsNederlands Normalisatie-instituut Norwa
6、yNorges Standardiseringsforbund PortugalInstituto Portugus da Qualidade SpainInstituto Espaol de Normalizacin SwedenStandardiseringskommissionen i Sverige SwitzerlandAssociation suisse de normalisation United KingdomBritish Standards Institution Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of is
7、sueComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 02 17:52:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 2155-5:1989 BSI 09-1999i Contents Page Cooperating organizationsInside front cover National forewordii Brief history2 Text of EN 2155-53 National appendix AInside back cover L
8、icensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 02 17:52:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 2155-5:1989 ii BSI 09-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Aerospace Standards Policy Committee and is the English language version of
9、EN 2155 “Aerospace series. Test methods for transparent materials for aircraft glazing” Part 5 “Determination of visible light transmission” published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). EN 2155-5 was produced as a result of international discussion in which the UK took an active pa
10、rt. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document compri
11、ses a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN title page, pages 2 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Lic
12、ensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 02 17:52:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 2155-5 March 1989 UDC: 629.73.023.26:620.1:535.345.1-2 Key words: Aircraft industry, glazing, transparent plastics, glass, test, optical proper
13、ties English version Aerospace series Test methods for transparent materials for aircraft glazing Part 5: Determination of visible light transmission Srie arospatiale Mthodes dessais pour matriaux transparents pour vitrages aronautiques Partie 5: Mesure de la transmission originale dans le visible L
14、uft- und Raumfahrt Prfverfahren fr transparente Werkstoffe zur Verglasung von Luftfahrzeugen Teil 5: Messung des Lichttransmissions- grades im sichtbaren Bereich This European Standard was accepted by CEN on 1988-03-17. CEN members are bound to comply with the requirements of CEN Internal Regulation
15、s which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This Eur
16、opean Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to CEN Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the nat
17、ional standards organizations of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komite
18、e fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels CEN 1989 Copyright reserved to all CEN members Ref. No. EN 2155-5:1989 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 02 17:52:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 2155-5:1989 BSI 09-1999 2 Brief history This Eu
19、ropean Standard has been prepared by the European Association of Aerospace Manufacturers (AECMA). After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this Standard has successively received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the
20、 member countries of AECMA, prior to its presentation to CEN. According to the Common CEN/CENELEC Rules, following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,
21、Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Brief history2 1Scope and field of application3 2Definitions3 3Apparatus3 4Specimens4 5Procedure4 6Expression of results4 7Test report4 Figure 1 Hazemeter5 Figure 2 Pivotable-sphere hazemeter5 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na
22、, Thu Nov 02 17:52:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 2155-5:1989 BSI 09-19993 1 Scope and field of application This standard specifies the determination of visible light transmission for transparent materials by using a photometer employing a defined light source and a photocell match
23、ed to the response of the human eye. Because the materials under test are basically colourless, certain deviations from ideal conditions, indicated in the test, are allowable. 2 Definitions Visible light transmission is defined as the intensity of an emerging beam of light compared with that of the
24、incident parallel beam falling upon the specimen under examination. 3 Apparatus The apparatus shall consist of a hazemeter, constructed essentially as shown in Figure 1 or Figure 2. It consists of a stabilised light source and associated optical system, specimen holder and photometer all rigidly mou
25、nted on a convenient optical bench. The distance of the photometer from the illuminated area of the specimen shall not be less than 250 mm in order to avoid spurious signals from scattered light. 3.1 Light source 3.1.1 The light source is a tungsten filament lamp operated at a colour temperature of
26、(2 855 285) K. This will be attained by using a gas filled tungsten filament lamp operating at its rated voltage. 3.1.2 The power supply to this lamp shall be stabilized. The short term change in voltage output shall not be more than 0,1 %. 3.1.3 The light source is combined with an optical system t
27、o produce a parallel light beam of area at least 1 cm2. 3.2 Photometer This shall be a suitable photocell fitted with diffusion screen or integrating sphere. 3.2.1 The spectral response of the photocell shall be corrected to approximate that of the human eye. For practical purposes this correction m
28、ay be limited to ensuring that no substantial response exists beyond the visible band. A selenium/iron photocell with a green filter is satisfactory for this purpose. 3.2.2 The output response of the photocell shall be linear within 0,5 %. 3.2.3 The output of the photocell shall be read on a suitabl
29、e measuring instrument of 0,5 % accuracy. 3.2.4 The photocell shall be fitted with a diffusion screen and both shall be of adequate dimensions to completely cover the parallel light beam produced by the light source. 3.3 Specimen holder The specimen holder shall be such as to hold the specimen rigid
30、ly in a plane normal to the light beam. 3.4 Use of integrating sphere It may be convenient to use a photometric integrating sphere in place of the photometer described in 3.2. In which case the apparatus may be constructed essentially as shown in Figure 1 or Figure 2. 3.4.1 Integrating sphere An int
31、egrating sphere is used to collect transmitted flux. The sphere may be of any diameter so long as the total port area does not exceed 4 % of the internal reflecting area of the sphere. The entrance and exit ports shall be centred on the same great circle of the sphere and there shall be at least 170
32、 of arc between centres. The exit port shall subtend an angle of 8 at the centre of the entrance port. The axis of the irradiating beam shall pass through the centres of the entrance and exit ports. The photocell or photocells shall be positioned on the sphere (90 10) from the entrance port. In the
33、pivotable model, Figure 2, which is designed to use the interior sphere wall adjacent to the exit port as the reflectance standard, the angle of rotation shall not exceed 10. 3.4.2 Light beam The specimen shall be illuminated by a substantially unidirectional beam; the maximum angle which any ray of
34、 this beam makes with the direction of its axis shall not exceed 3. The beam shall not be vignetted at either port of the sphere. When the beam is unobstructed by a specimen, its cross section at the exit port shall be approximately circular, sharply defined and concentric within the exit port, leav
35、ing an annulus of (1,3 0,1) subtended at the entrance port. When the specimen is placed immediately against the integrating sphere at the entrance port, the angle between the normal to its surface and the axis of the beam shall not exceed 8. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 02 17:
36、52:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 2155-5:1989 4 BSI 09-1999 3.4.3 Reflecting surfaces The surfaces of the interior of the integrating sphere, baffles and reflectance standards shall be of substantially equal reflectance, matt and highly reflecting throughout the visible wave length
37、s (freshly smoked magnesium oxide is excellent for this purpose but highly reflecting matt sphere paints are more durable). 3.4.4 Light trap For some measurements the standard at the exit port is replaced by a light trap by actual removal of the reflectance standard or by pivoting the sphere (see Fi
38、gure 2). The light trap shall absorb the beam completely when no specimen is present. Due to the absorbing annulus surrounding the unimpeded beam at the exit port, this trap will absorb slightly more than the undeviated portion of the total flux transmitted by the specimen. 3.4.5 Photoelectric cell
39、The radiant flux within the sphere shall be measured by a photoelectric cell, the output measurements of which shall be proportional within 1 % to the incident flux over the range of intensity used. Spectral conditions for source and receiver shall be constant throughout the test of each specimen. T
40、he design of the instrument shall be such that there shall be a zero reading when the sphere is dark. The spectral response of the photocell shall be corrected to approximate that of the human eye. 3.4.6 Clauses 3.2.1, 3.2.2 and 3.2.3 apply to the photocell used in conjunction with the integrating s
41、phere. 4 Specimens Specimens shall be cut from sheets with the surfaces substantially flat and parallel. 5 Procedure 5.1 The specimen shall be cleaned with soapy water on both surfaces before measurements are made. 5.2 The apparatus is allowed sufficient time to reach thermal equilibrium before the
42、measurements are made. 5.3 The measurements shall be made with the light beam normal to the surface of the specimen and the average taken from three independent measurements on the one specimen. 5.4 A first reading (a) of the photometer output shall be made with the specimen outside of the beam. 5.5
43、 A second reading (b) shall be made with the specimen interposed between the light source and photometer (specimen-photometer distance at least 250 mm). 5.6 The thickness of the specimen shall be measured in three places to an accuracy of 0,02 mm. 6 Expression of results The percentage of visible li
44、ght transmission is calculated from the formula: % visible light transmission = 7 Test report The test report shall include the following: 7.1 The percentage of visible light transmission as the average of three calculated results, 7.2 The thickness of the specimen as the arithmetic average of the t
45、hree measurements. b a - - 100 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 02 17:52:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 2155-5:1989 BSI 09-19995 Figure 1 Hazemeter Figure 2 Pivotable-sphere hazemeter Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 02 17:52:19 GMT+00:00 2006,
46、 Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 6 blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 02 17:52:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 2155-5:1989 BSI 09-1999 National appendix A The United Kingdom participation in the preparation of this European Standard was entrusted by the Aerospac
47、e Standards Policy Committee (ACE/-) to Technical Committee ACE/62 upon which the following bodies were represented: British Plastics Federation Ministry of Defence Society of British Aerospace Companies Limited Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 02 17:52:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontro
48、lled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 2155-5:1989 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSI British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal
49、 Charter. Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions. It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services. We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover. Tel: 020 8996 9000. Fax: 020 8996 7400. BSI