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1、? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Li
2、censed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 13/06/2009 05:40, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 30 April 2009 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2008 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
3、 ? A1A1 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 13/06/2009 05:40, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1677-4:2000+A1 November 2008 ICS 53.020.30 Supersedes EN 1677-4:2000 English Version Components for slings - Safety - Part 4: Links, Grade 8 Accesso
4、ires pour lingues - Scurit - Partie 4: Mailles, Classe 8 Einzelteile fr Anschlagmittel - Sicherheit - Teil 4: Einzelglieder, Gteklasse 8 This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 September 2000 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 9 September 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with
5、the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Cent
6、re or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the officia
7、l versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slove
8、nia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN
9、national Members. Ref. No. EN 1677-4:2000+A1:2008: E Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 13/06/2009 05:40, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 1677-4:2000+A1:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction.4 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references4 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Hazards.6 Table 1 Hazards
10、 and associated requirements.7 5 Safety requirements 7 5.1 Design.7 5.2 Dimensions.7 Table 2 Internal length and width of parallel sided master links 7 5.3 Materials and heat treatment8 Table 3 Sulfur and phosphorous content8 Table 4 Chemical composition - alloying elements8 5.4 Manufacturing method
11、s and workmanship 9 5.5 Mechanical properties.10 Table 5 Working load limits.11 6 Verification of safety requirements11 6.1 Qualification of personnel 11 6.2 Type tests and examination12 Figure 1 Test pieces.13 Figure 2 Bend test equipment.13 6.3 Manufacturing examination14 6.4 Manufacturing tests.1
12、4 6.5 Manufacturing test regime (forged links)15 Table 6 Number of links in a lot15 6.6 Manufacturing test regime (welded links).16 7 Marking.17 7.1 Links17 7.2 Load bearing pins17 8 Manufacturers certificate.17 9 Instructions for use .18 Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European St
13、andard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC“.19 Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC“.20 BS EN 1677-4:2000+A1:2008 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 13/06/2009 05:40, Uncontrolled
14、Copy, (c) BSI EN 1677-4:2000+A1:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1677-4:2000+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 168 “Chains, ropes, webbing, slings and accessories - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a nat
15、ional standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document supersedes EN 1677-4:2000. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-09-09. T
16、he start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !“. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !For r
17、elationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.“ It is a Part of a products standard related to safety for components for slings. The other Parts of EN 1677 for components for slings are: Part 1: Forged steel components - Grade 8 Part 2
18、: Forged steel lifting hooks with latch - Grade 8 Part 3: Forged steel self-locking hooks - Grade 8 Part 5: Forged steel lifting hooks with latch - Grade 4 Part 6: Links - Grade 4 According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are b
19、ound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
20、 Switzerland and United Kingdom. BS EN 1677-4:2000+A1:2008 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 13/06/2009 05:40, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 1677-4:2000+A1:2008 (E) 4 Introduction This European standard has been prepared to be a harmonized standard providing one means of complying with t
21、he essential safety requirements of the Machinery Directive and associated EFTA regulations. The links covered by this Part of EN 1677 are normally supplied to be part of a sling, but they may also be used for other applications. In such instances it is important that the link design is checked to e
22、nsure its fitness for the intended use. The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope. In addition, lifting equipment shall conform as appropriate to EN 292 for hazards that are not covered by this standard. 1 Scope This part of EN 1677 specifies requirements for forged or welded
23、 steel master links, intermediate master links, master link assemblies and lower terminal links of grade 8 up to 132 t WLL, mainly for use in: chain slings according to EN 818-4 steel wire rope slings textile slings according to EN 1492-1:2000, EN 1492-2:2000. intended for lifting objects, materials
24、 or goods. This Part of EN 1677 does not apply to hand forged links. The hazards covered by this Part of EN 1677 are identified in clause 4. !Annexes ZA and ZB give the relationship with EU-Directives.“ 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provis
25、ions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by
26、 amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 292-1, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts - General principles for design - Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology EN 292-2:1991/A1:1995, Safety of machinery - Basic
27、concepts - General principles for design - Part 2: Technical principles and specifications (Amendment 1: 1995) EN 818-4:1996, Short link chain for lifting purposes Safety - Part 4: Chain slings - grade 8 EN 818-6:2000, Short link chain for lifting purposes Safety - Part 6: Chain slings - Specificati
28、on for information for use and maintenance to be provided by the manufacturer. EN 1050:1996, Safety of machinery - Principles of risk assessment. BS EN 1677-4:2000+A1:2008 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 13/06/2009 05:40, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 1677-4:2000+A1:2008 (E) 5 EN 1492-
29、1:2000, Textile slings Safety - Part 1: Flat woven webbing slings made of man-made fibres EN 1492-2:2000, Textile slings Safety - Part 2: Round slings made of man-made fibres EN ISO 9002:1994, Quality systems - Model for quality assurance in production, installation and servicing EN 10002-2:1991, Me
30、tallic materials - Tensile test - Part 2: Verification of the force measuring system of the tensile testing machine EN 10025:1990/A1:1993, Hot rolled products of non-alloy structural steels Technical delivery conditions EN 10228-1:1999, Non-destructive testing of steel forgings - Part 1: Magnetic pa
31、rticle inspection EN 10228-2:1998, Non-destructive testing of steel forgings - Part 2: Penetrant testing EN 45012, General criteria for certification bodies operating quality system certification ISO 643 Steels, Micrographic determination of the ferritic or austenitic grain size 3 Terms and definiti
32、ons For the purposes of this Part of EN 1677, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 working load limit (WLL) maximum mass that a link is authorized to sustain in general lifting service. NOTE This term has the same meaning as the term maximum working load used in annex A of EN 292-2:1991/A1
33、:1995. 3.2 manufacturing proof force (MPF) force applied to the link during the manufacturing proof test. 3.3 breaking force (BF) maximum force reached during the static tensile test of the link at the end of which the link fails to retain the load. 3.4 sling assembly consisting of chain, wire rope
34、or textile joined to upper and lower terminals suitable for attaching loads to the hook of a crane or other lifting machine. 3.5 master link link forming the upper terminal of a sling by means of which the sling is attached to the hook of a crane or other lifting machine. 3.6 intermediate master lin
35、k link used to connect one or two legs of a sling to a master link. 3.7 master link assembly assembly consisting of a master link together with two intermediate master links. BS EN 1677-4:2000+A1:2008 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 13/06/2009 05:40, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 1677-
36、4:2000+A1:2008 (E) 6 3.8 lower terminal link, hook or other device fitted at the end of a leg of a sling, remote from the master link or upper terminal. 3.9 traceability code series of letters and/or numbers marked on a link that enable its manufacturing history, including the identity of the cast o
37、f steel used, to be traced. 3.10 lot specified number of links from which samples are selected for testing purposes and that have been manufactured from the same cast of steel and subjected to the same heat treatment process. 3.11 integral joining device means of connection that does not depend on w
38、elding and is integrated with the link. 3.12 total ultimate elongation total extension at the point of fracture of the link expressed as a percentage of the internal length of the test sample. 3.13 competent person designated person, suitably trained, qualified by knowledge and practical experience,
39、 and with the necessary instruction to enable the required test and examination to be carried out. NOTE 4.18 of EN ISO 9002:1994 gives guidance on training. 4 Hazards Accidental release of a load or, release of a load due to failure of a link puts at risk, either directly or indirectly, the safety o
40、r health of those persons within the danger zone. In order to provide the necessary strength and durability of links, this Part of EN 1677 gives requirements for the design, manufacture and testing to ensure that specified levels of performance are met. Since failure can be caused by the incorrect c
41、hoice of grade and specification of link, this Part of EN 1677 also gives requirements for marking and the manufacturers certificate. Errors in fitting can also lead to failure and this Part of EN 1677 contains dimensional requirements to allow correct fit. Risk of injury due to sharp edges, sharp a
42、ngles or rough surfaces when handling is also covered by this standard. Those aspects of safe use associated with good practice are given in prEN 818-6:1999. Table 1 contains those hazards which require action to reduce risk identified by risk assessment as being specific and significant for links o
43、f grade 8. BS EN 1677-4:2000+A1:2008 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 13/06/2009 05:40, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 1677-4:2000+A1:2008 (E) 7 Table 1 Hazards and associated requirements Hazards identified in annex A of EN 1050: 1996 Relevant clause of annex A of EN 292-2: 1991/A1: 199
44、5 Relevant clause/subclause of this Part of EN 1677 1 Mechanical hazard due to 1.3.2 5 inadequacy of strength 4.1.2.3 5 4.1.2.5 5 4.2.4 5 1.7.3 7 1.7.4 9 1.3 Cutting hazard 1.3.4 5.4 1.8 Friction or abrasion hazard 1.3.4 5.4 15 Error of fitting hazard 1.5.4 9 5.2 5 Safety requirements 5.1 Design Lin
45、ks shall be either: a) parallel-sided links produced by forging or welding; NOTE Forged links may be with or without integral joining devices. b) pear shaped links with integral joining devices (i.e. links with unequal radii at either end) produced by forging. Parts of integral joining devices, such
46、 as pins and their securing elements, shall be so designed and manufactured that, after assembly, no unintended displacement can occur. NOTE The effects of wear, corrosion of securing elements or rough usage should be considered. 5.2 Dimensions The internal dimensions of links covered by this part of EN 1677 shall be such as to ensure articulation so that t