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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1993-6:2007 Eurocode 3 Design of steel structures Part 6: Crane supporting structures The European Standard EN 1993-6:2007 has the status of a British Standard ICS 53.020.20; 91.010.30; 91.080.10 ? BS EN 1993-6:2007 This British Standard was published under the authority of th
2、e Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2007 BSI 2007 ISBN 978 0 580 53283 2 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1993-6:2007. The structural Eurocodes are divided into packages by grouping Eurocodes for each of the main materials: concrete, steel, comp
3、osite concrete and steel, timber, masonry and aluminium; this is to enable a common date of withdrawal (DOW) for all the relevant parts that are needed for a particular design. The conflicting national standards will be withdrawn at the end of the coexistence period, after all the EN Eurocodes of a
4、package are available. Following publication of the EN, there is a period allowed for national calibration during which the National Annex is issued, followed by a further coexistence period of a maximum three years. During the coexistence period Member States will be encouraged to adapt their natio
5、nal provisions to withdraw conflicting national rules before the end of the coexistent period in March 2010. At the end of this coexistence period, the national standard(s) will be withdrawn. In the UK, the following corresponding national standards are partially superseded by BS EN 1993-6: BS 449-2
6、:1969, Specification for the use of structural steel in building Metric units BS 2853:1957, Specification for the design and testing of steel overhead runway beams BS 5950-1:2000, Structural use of steelwork in building Code of practice for design Rolled and welded sections and based on this transit
7、ion period, these standards will be withdrawn at the latest by March 2010. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/525, Building and civil engineering structures, to Subcommittee B/525/31, Structural use of steel. A list of organizations represented on this sub
8、committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Where a normative part of this EN allows for a choice to be made at the national level, the range and possible choice will be given in the normative text, and a note will qualify it as a Nationally Determined Parameter (NDP). NDPs can be a speci
9、fic value for a factor, a specific level or class, a particular method or a particular application rule if several are proposed in the EN. To enable EN 1993-6 to be used in the UK, the NDPs will be published in a National Annex, which will be made available by BSI in due course, after public consult
10、ation has taken place. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateCommen
11、ts EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1993-6 April 2007 ICS 53.020.20; 91.010.30; 91.080.10Supersedes ENV 1993-6:1999 English Version Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures - Part 6: Crane supporting structures Eurocode 3 - Calcul des structures en acier - Partie 6: Chemins de rou
12、lement Eurocode 3 - Bemessung und Konstruktion von Stahlbauten - Teil 6: Kranbahnen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 June 2006. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a n
13、ational standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version
14、in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmar
15、k, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATI
16、ON EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1993-6:2007: E EN 1993-6: 2007 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword.4 1 General.7 1.1 Scope.7 1.2
17、Normative references7 1.3 Assumptions8 1.4 Distinction between principles and application rules8 1.5 Terms and definitions8 1.6 Symbols.8 2 Basis of design.9 2.1 Requirements 9 2.1.1 Basic requirements .9 2.1.2 Reliability management9 2.1.3 Design working life, durability and robustness9 2.2 Princip
18、les of limit state design9 2.3 Basic variables 9 2.3.1 Actions and environmental influences9 2.3.2 Material and product properties9 2.4 Verification by the partial factor method9 2.5 Design assisted by testing .10 2.6 Clearances to overhead travelling cranes10 2.7 Underslung cranes and hoist blocks1
19、0 2.8 Crane tests.10 3 Materials11 3.1 General11 3.2 Structural steels.11 3.2.1 Material properties11 3.2.2 Ductility requirements11 3.2.3 Fracture toughness11 3.2.4 Through thickness properties11 3.2.5 Tolerances 11 3.2.6 Design values of material coefficients11 3.3 Stainless steels.11 3.4 Fastener
20、s and welds.11 3.5 Bearings 11 3.6 Other products for crane supporting structures.12 3.6.1 General.12 3.6.2 Rail steels .12 3.6.3 Special connecting devices for rails .12 4 Durability.12 5 Structural analysis13 5.1 Structural modelling for analysis 13 5.1.1 Structural modelling and basic assumptions
21、.13 5.1.2 Joint modelling.13 5.1.3 Ground structure interaction.13 5.2 Global analysis13 5.2.1 Effects of deformed geometry of the structure.13 5.2.2 Structural stability of frames 13 5.3 Imperfections 13 5.3.1 Basis.13 5.3.2 Imperfections for global analysis of frames .13 5.3.3 Imperfections for an
22、alysis of bracing systems13 5.3.4 Member imperfections13 5.4 Methods of analysis.13 5.4.1 General.13 5.4.2 Elastic global analysis 13 5.4.3 Plastic global analysis.13 5.5 Classification of cross-sections.14 5.6 Runway beams14 EN 1993-6: 2007(E) 3 5.6.1 Effects of crane loads .14 5.6.2 Structural sys
23、tem14 5.7 Local stresses in the web due to wheel loads on the top flange 15 5.7.1 Local vertical compressive stresses15 5.7.2 Local shear stresses 17 5.7.3 Local bending stresses in the web due to eccentricity of wheel loads17 5.8 Local bending stresses in the bottom flange due to wheel loads.18 5.9
24、 Secondary moments in triangulated components20 6 Ultimate limit states.22 6.1 General22 6.2 Resistance of cross-section .22 6.3 Buckling resistance of members .22 6.3.1 General.22 6.3.2 Lateral-torsional buckling.23 6.4 Built up compression members.23 6.5 Resistance of the web to wheel loads23 6.5.
25、1 General.23 6.5.2 Length of stiff bearing24 6.6 Buckling of plates .24 6.7 Resistance of bottom flanges to wheel loads.24 7 Serviceability limit states.27 7.1 General27 7.2 Calculation models27 7.3 Limits for deformations and displacements 27 7.4 Limitation of web breathing29 7.5 Reversible behavio
26、ur.30 7.6 Vibration of the bottom flange30 8 Fasteners, welds, surge connectors and rails31 8.1 Connections using bolts, rivets or pins31 8.2 Welded connections31 8.3 Surge connectors.31 8.4 Crane rails.32 8.4.1 Rail material .32 8.4.2 Design working life32 8.4.3 Rail selection32 8.5 Rail fixings33
27、8.5.1 General.33 8.5.2 Rigid fixings.33 8.5.3 Independent fixings33 8.6 Rail joints33 9 Fatigue assessment.34 9.1 Requirement for fatigue assessment34 9.2 Partial factors for fatigue.34 9.3 Fatigue stress spectra.34 9.3.1 General.34 9.3.2 Simplified approach34 9.3.3 Local stresses due to wheel loads
28、 on the top flange .35 9.3.4 Local stresses due to underslung trolleys .35 9.4 Fatigue assessment35 9.4.1 General.35 9.4.2 Multiple crane actions 35 9.5 Fatigue strength.36 Annex A informative Alternative assessment method for lateral-torsional buckling37 EN 1993-6: 2007 (E) 4 Foreword This European
29、 Standard EN 1993-6, “Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures: Part 6 Crane supporting srtuctures”, has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC250 Structural Eurocodes , the Secretariat of which is held by BSI. CEN/TC250 is responsible for all Structural Eurocodes. This European Standard shall be
30、 given the status of a National Standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2007, and conflicting National Standards shall be withdrawn at latest by March 2010. This Eurocode supersedes ENV 1993-6. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations
31、, the National Standard Organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands,
32、 Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom Background of the Eurocode programme In 1975, the Commission of the European Community decided on an action programme in the field of construction, based on article 95 of the Treaty. The objective o
33、f the programme was the elimination of technical obstacles to trade and the harmonisation of technical specifications. Within this action programme, the Commission took the initiative to establish a set of harmonised technical rules for the design of construction works which, in a first stage, would
34、 serve as an alternative to the national rules in force in the Member States and, ultimately, would replace them. For fifteen years, the Commission, with the help of a Steering Committee with Representatives of Member States, conducted the development of the Eurocodes programme, which led to the fir
35、st generation of European codes in the 1980s. In 1989, the Commission and the Member States of the EU and EFTA decided, on the basis of an agreement1 between the Commission and CEN, to transfer the preparation and the publication of the Eurocodes to the CEN through a series of Mandates, in order to
36、provide them with a future status of European Standard (EN). This links de facto the Eurocodes with the provisions of all the Councils Directives and/or Commissions Decisions dealing with European standards (e.g. the Council Directive 89/106/EEC on construction products CPD and Council Directives 93
37、/37/EEC, 92/50/EEC and 89/440/EEC on public works and services and equivalent EFTA Directives initiated in pursuit of setting up the internal market). The Structural Eurocode programme comprises the following standards generally consisting of a number of Parts: EN 1990 Eurocode: Basis of structural
38、design EN 1991 Eurocode 1: Actions on structures EN 1992 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures EN 1993 Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures EN 1994 Eurocode 4: Design of composite steel and concrete structures EN 1995 Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures EN 1996 Eurocode 6: Design of masonr
39、y structures EN 1997 Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design EN 1998 Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance EN 1999 Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures Eurocode standards recognise the responsibility of regulatory authorities in each Member State and have safeguarded their right t
40、o determine values related to regulatory safety matters at national level where these continue to vary from State to State. 1 Agreement between the Commission of the European Communities and the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) concerning the work on EUROCODES for the design of building
41、and civil engineering works (BC/CEN/03/89). EN 1993-6: 2007(E) 5 Status and field of application of Eurocodes The Member States of the EU and EFTA recognise that Eurocodes serve as reference documents for the following purposes: as a means to prove compliance of building and civil engineering works
42、with the essential requirements of Council Directive 89/106/EEC, particularly Essential Requirement N1 - Mechanical resistance and stability - and Essential Requirement N2 - Safety in case of fire; as a basis for specifying contracts for construction works and related engineering services; as a fram
43、ework for drawing up harmonised technical specifications for construction products (ENs and ETAs) The Eurocodes, as far as they concern the construction works themselves, have a direct relationship with the Interpretative Documents2 referred to in Article 12 of the CPD, although they are of a differ
44、ent nature from harmonised product standard3. Therefore, technical aspects arising from the Eurocodes work need to be adequately considered by CEN Technical Committees and/or EOTA Working Groups working on product standards with a view to achieving a full compatibility of these technical specificati
45、ons with the Eurocodes. The Eurocode standards provide common structural design rules for everyday use for the design of whole structures and component products of both a traditional and an innovative nature. Unusual forms of construction or design conditions are not specifically covered and additio
46、nal expert consideration will be required by the designer in such cases. National Standards implementing Eurocodes The National Standards implementing Eurocodes will comprise the full text of the Eurocode (including any annexes), as published by CEN, which may be preceded by a National title page an
47、d National foreword, and may be followed by a National Annex. The National Annex may only contain information on those parameters which are left open in the Eurocode for national choice, known as Nationally Determined Parameters, to be used for the design of buildings and civil engineering works to
48、be constructed in the country concerned, i.e. : values and/or classes where alternatives are given in the Eurocode, values to be used where a symbol only is given in the Eurocode, country specific data (geographical, climatic etc.) e.g. snow map, the procedure to be used where alternative procedures
49、 are given in the Eurocode, references to non-contradictory complementary information to assist the user to apply the Eurocode. 2 According to Art. 3.3 of the CPD, the essential requirements (ERs) shall be given concrete form in interpretative documents for the creation of the necessary links between the essential requirements and the mandates for hENs and ETAGs/ETAs. 3 According to Art. 12 of the CPD the interpretative documents shall : a) give concrete form to the essential