《BS-EN-441-12-1997.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《BS-EN-441-12-1997.pdf（10页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 441-12 : 1997 The E
2、uropean Standard EN 441-12 : 1997 has the status of a British Standard ICS 97.130 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Refrigerated display cabinets Part 12. Measurement of the heat extraction rate of the cabinets when the condensing unit is remote from the cabinet
3、Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 09:36:38 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 441-12 : 1997 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effe
4、ct on 15 October 1997 BSI 1997 ISBN 0 580 28304 6 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateText affected National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 441-12 : 1997. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RHE/19, Commercial
5、 refrigerated food cabinets (cold rooms and display cases), which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related internati
6、onal and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the British Standards Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence I
7、ndex, or by using the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 8, an inside back
8、cover and a back cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 09:36:38 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels
9、1997 CEN - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national members. Ref. No. EN 441-12 : 1997 E EUROPEAN STANDARDEN 441-12 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM May 1997 ICS 97.130 Descriptors: Furniture, refrigerators, food preservation, food storage, comme
10、rce, tests, testing conditions, power measurements, calorific power English version Refrigerated display cabinets Part 12: Measurement of the heat extraction rate of the cabinets when the condensing unit is remote from the cabinet Meubles frigorifiques de vente Partie 12: Mesure de la puissance frig
11、orifique utile des meubles dont le groupe de condensation est se pare du meuble Verkaufsku hlmo bel Teil 12: Messung der Ka lteleistung fu r Ku hlmo bel mit getrennt aufgestelltem Verflu ssigungssatz This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1997-04-26. CEN members are bound to comply with the C
12、EN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or t
13、o any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official version
14、s. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 0
15、9:36:38 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 2 EN 441-12 : 1997 BSI 1997 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 44, Household refrigerating appliances and commercial refrigerated cabinets, the Secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Stan
16、dard has been drafted on a proposal of CECOMAF (European Committee of Manufacturers of Refrigeration Equipment). This European Standard is composed of several parts: Part 1:Refrigerated display cabinets Terms and definitions Part 2:Refrigerated display cabinets General mechanical and physical requir
17、ements Part 3:Refrigerated display cabinets Linear dimensions, areas and volumes Part 4:Refrigerated display cabinets General test conditions Part 5:Refrigerated display cabinets Temperature test Part 6:Refrigerated display cabinets Classification according to temperatures Part 7:Refrigerated displa
18、y cabinets Defrosting test Part 8:Refrigerated display cabinets Water vapour condensation test Part 9:Refrigerated display cabinets Electrical energy consumption test Part 10:Refrigerated display cabinets Test for the absence of odour and taste Part 11:Refrigerated display cabinets Installation, mai
19、ntenance and users guide Part 12:Refrigerated display cabinets Measurement of the heat extraction rate of the cabinets when the condensing unit is remote from the cabinet CEN/TC 44 held a meeting in Milan on 1990/11/26-27 and agreed to submit EN 441 : Parts 1 to 11 for enquiry through the CEN Centra
20、l Secretariat (see resolution N.9 in document CEN/TC 44 N.35 rev.1). The comments received by the Secretariat on the six month enquiry were discussed by CEN/TC 44 in Milan on 1992/11/04-06 and were the base for the preparation of this Part 12 (see resolution N.14 in document CEN/TC 44 N.46). After a
21、mending, this Part was accepted by CEN/TC 44 on 1994/05/25 in Milan (see resolution N.22 in document CEN/TC 44 N.57). This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 1997, and conflicting
22、 national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 1997. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany
23、, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. 1 Scope 1.1 This European Standard specifies terminology, general mechanical and physical requirements, test conditions as well as installation, maintenance and users guid
24、e for refrigerated display cabinets for the sale and/or display of food products. This standard does not cover refrigerated vending machines or cabinets intended for use in catering or similar non-retail applications. 1.2 This Part of EN 441 specifies heat extraction rate measurements and conditions
25、 for refrigerated display cabinets when the condensing unit is remote from the cabinet and used with compression-type or indirect-type refrigerating system. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative r
26、eferences are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references
27、the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 441-4Refrigerated display cabinets Part 4: General test conditions EN 441-5Refrigerated display cabinets Part 5: Temperature test ISO 817Organic refrigerants Number designation Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 09:36:
28、38 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 3 EN 441-12 : 1997 BSI 1997 3 Test procedure 3.1 General test conditions The cabinet shall be installed in the test room and the test shall be prepared and carried out during the temperature test, in accordance with EN 441-4 and EN 441-5. The conden
29、sing unit shall be connected to the cabinet in accordance with 3.2 or 3.3 and the operating controls set to the manufacturers instructions. The refrigerant inlet and outlet temperatures shall be measured using temperature sensors directly inserted into the pipe or inserted into pockets or clamped be
30、tween the piping and a copper recovery half-sleeve on the inlet and outlet pipelines positioned no further than 150 mm from the cabinet exterior (see figures 1 and 3). Where thermocouples or similar devices are utilized the sensor cables shall be arranged such that external influences on the connect
31、ion cables are eliminated by the use of insulation. Temperature sensors, connecting wires and pipelines shall be insulated from the outlet of the cabinet up to at least 150 mm beyond the measuring points. A flow measuring device (flow meter) shall be installed on or into the liquid inlet supply line
32、 to the cabinet in order to measure the liquid mass flow or volume flow rate of refrigerant. A liquid sight glass shall be installed in the liquid piping upstream of the flow meter in order to verify the vapour free state of the refrigerant being supplied to the cabinet during the period of the test
33、. A temperature sensor shall be installed as stated above at 150 mm10 mm upstream of the liquid flow meter, with the piping being insulated at least 150 mm upstream and from the sensor to the inlet of the flow meter. A measurement of pressure shall be carried out at the cabinet outlet for compressio
34、n type systems and both inlet and outlet for indirect type systems at less than 150 mm from the cabinet. The heat extraction rate necessary for the cabinet shall be determined from temperature, pressure and flow rate readings which allow a resultant accuracy of6 %. 3.2 Specific test conditions for c
35、abinets intended for connection to compression-type refrigerating system The condensing unit remotely located from the cabinet shall be connected to the cabinet in accordance with figure 1. The condensing unit selected for the test shall be capable of operating as follows: with the refrigerant at th
36、e saturated evaporating pressure or temperature in service at the cabinet outlet specified by the manufacturer; supplying the liquid refrigerant vapour free at the cabinet inlet (see the two sight glasses in figure 1) at a sensible temperature within the range of +25 C to +45 C, or supplying sub-coo
37、led liquid when specified. In both conditions, the liquid temperature shall be stated. NOTE 1. Minimum condensing temperatures in the region of +30 C to +35 C are encountered with water-cooled condensers. NOTE 2. The heat extraction rate of the compressor can be adjusted by having the condensing tem
38、perature increased, which may bring the liquid temperature to +45 C. NOTE 3. An oil separator may be installed at the discharge of compressor to minimize the oil content of the refrigerant 3.3 Specific test conditions for cabinets intended for connection to indirect-type refrigerating system The ind
39、irect-type refrigerating system shall be connected to the cabinet intended for this system in accordance with figure 3. The refrigerating system shall be capable of supplying secondary refrigerant fluid at the temperature and flow rate specified by the manufacturer. 4 Determination of heat extractio
40、n rate 4.1 Cabinets intended for compression-type refrigerating system The heat extraction rate is determined as follows (see figures 1 and 2): F0= qm(h8 h4) where F0is the heat extraction rate required in kilowatts; h8, h4are the specific enthalpy in kilojoules per kilogram, where the state at poin
41、t 8 corresponds to the refrigerant outlet of the cabinet and the state at clause 4 corresponds to the refrigerant inlet of the cabinet; qmis the mass flow rate of liquid refrigerant in kilograms per second, if a mass flow meter is used; or qm= qv3/v3 where qv3is the volume flow rate in cubic metres
42、per second and v3is the specific volume of liquid refrigerant in cubic metres per kilogram, at the flow-meter inlet temperature u3if a volumetric flow-meter is used. NOTE 1. As pressures, temperatures and liquid volume flow rates change in the course of the operating cycle (for instance, pull down a
43、fter defrost), the values to be taken into consideration are the arithmetic mean values of the values recorded or values of each measurement which are recorded in accordance with a given frequency, during 75 % of the operating time, excluding defrost and the time just after defrost. NOTE 2. Where cy
44、cling takes place during the test period, the above procedure may be used. However, the flow temperatures and pressures will be the arithmetic mean values leading to a mean value of qmconsidering both the period of running and the period of stopping of the compressor. Readings should be taken with a
45、 frequency of 20 s. The percentage cycling time of the system during the test period and the minimum evaporating temperature should be published in addition to the mean heat extraction rate to enable equipment selection ratings to be calculated. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04
46、 09:36:38 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 4 EN 441-12 : 1997 BSI 1997 a)flowmeter b)liquid supply c)sight glass d)vapour return e)insulation (to at least 150 mm from temperature sensor) f)copper thermo-pocket for housing the temperature sensor (shall be filled with glycerin or a simi
47、lar fluid) g)refrigerant circulation pipe h)temperature sensor i)solder or weld l)to temperature recorder m)pipe connection to cabinet Figure 1. Connection of the cabinet to a remote compression-type refrigerating system Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 09:36:38 GMT+00:00 2006,
48、 Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 5 EN 441-12 : 1997 BSI 1997 a)evaporator Pressure enthalpy diasgram showing measuring points b)cabinet c)expansion device d)flowmeter e)liquid receiver f)condenser g)compressor Figure 2. Reference point locations for the cabinet connected to a remote compression-type
49、 refrigerating system 4.2 Cabinets intended for indirect-type refrigerating system The heat extraction rate is determined as follows (see figures 3 and 4): F0= qm c (uoui) where F0is the heat extraction rate required in kilowatts; uiis the secondary refrigerant temperature at cabinet inlet in degrees Celsius; uois the secondary refrigerant temperature at cabinet outlet in degrees Celsius; cis the specific heat in kilojoules per kilogram, per degree Celsius; qmis the mass flow rate in kilograms per second,