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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 447 : 1997 The Euro
2、pean Standard EN 447 : 1996 has the status of a British Standard ICS 91.100.10; 91.100.30 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Grout for prestressing tendons Specification for common grout Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 09:25:37 GMT+00:00 200
3、6, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 447 : 1997 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 November 1997 BSI 1997 The following BSI referen
4、ces relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference B/525/2 Draft for comment 91/10647 DC ISBN 0 580 28324 0 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateText affected Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Com
5、mittee B/525, Building and civil engineering structures, to Subcommittee B/525/2, Structural use of concrete, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Consulting Engineers British Cement Association British Precast Concrete Federation Ltd. Concrete Society Department of the E
6、nvironment (Building Research Establishment) Department of the Environment (Construction Sponsorship Directorate) Department of Transport (Highways Agency) Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Structural Engineers Steel Reinforcement Commission Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sa
7、t Nov 04 09:25:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BSI 1997i BS EN 447 : 1997 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Subcommittee B/525/2 and is the English language version of EN 447 : 1996 Grout for prestressing tendons Specification for common grout published by th
8、e European Committee for Standardization (CEN). EN 447 was produced as a result of European discussions in which the UK took an active part. The UK voted against this standard at the CEN Formal Vote stage because UK industry considered the standard to be insufficient in providing suitable specificat
9、ion requirements for grouting materials and procedures, particularly for highway bridges. The UK conducted significant development work and subsequently published Concrete Society Technical Report No. 47 Durable Bonded Post Tensioned Concrete Bridges, prepared by a Concrete Society Working Party in
10、collaboration with the Concrete Bridge Development Group (September 1996), to which reference may be made. At the CEN Formal Vote stage, however, the analysis of voting resulted in a positive vote and in accordance with CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations Part 2 : Common rules for standards work EN 447
11、 was accepted as a European Standard. Cross-references Publication referred toCorresponding British Standard ENV 197-1 : 1989DD ENV 197 Cement. Composition, specifications and conformity criteria Part 1 : 1995 Common cements ENV 1992-1-1 : 1991DD ENV 1992 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures Pa
12、rt 1-1 : 1992 General rules and rules for buildings (together with United Kingdom National Application Document) Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii
13、, an EN title page, pages 2 to 4, an inside back cover and a back cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 09:25:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iiblank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 09:25:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI CEN E
14、uropean Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1996 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN 447 : 1996 E EUROPEAN STANDARDEN 447 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM March 1996 I
15、CS 91.100.30 Descriptors: Cables, ropes, prestressed concrete, grouting, specification English version Grout for prestressing tendons Specification for common grout Coulis pour ca ble de pre contrainte Prescriptions pour les coulis courants Einpremo rtel fu r Spannglieder Anforderungen fu r u bliche
16、n Einpremo rtel This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1994-10-28. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliogr
17、aphical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a
18、CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spa
19、in, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 09:25:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 2 EN 447 : 1996 BSI 1997 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 104, Concrete Performance, production,
20、placing and compliance criteria, the Secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 1996, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at t
21、he latest by September 1996. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switz
22、erland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword2 0Introduction3 1Scope3 2Normative references3 3Definitions3 3.1Common grout3 3.2Special grout3 4Materials3 4.1General3 4.2Cement3 4.3Water3 4.4Admixtures3 5Properties of grout4 5.1General4 5.2Fluidity4 5.3Bleeding4 5.4Volume change4 5.5Strength4
23、 6Batching and mixing of grout4 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 09:25:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 3 EN 447 : 1996 BSI 1997 1) At present at the draft stage. 0 Introduction In post-tensioned prestressed concrete construction, grouting of tendons is an imp
24、ortant operation. The intention of this European Standard is to provide a specification for grouts, compliance with which will satisfy the recommendations in ENV 1992-1-1. The main functions of the grout are: to protect the tendons against corrosion; and to provide bond between the tendons and the s
25、heaths. 1 Scope This European Standard covers the materials which may be used in the manufacture of commonly produced grouts and are defined herein as common grouts. Other more specialized grouts may require additional specification to that given herein and are defined herein as special grouts. 2 No
26、rmative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions
27、of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. ENV 197-1 : 1989Cement Composition, specifications and conformity criteria Part 1: Common cements EN 4
28、45Grout for prestressing tendons Test methods EN 446Grout for prestressing tendons Grouting procedures EN 934-4Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout Part 4: Admixtures for grout Definitions, specifications and conformity criteria EN 1008Mixing water for concrete1) ENV 1992-1-1 : 1991Eurocode 2:
29、Design of concrete structures Part 1: General rules and rules for buildings 3 Definitions 3.1 common grout Homogeneous mixture of Portland cement, water and admixtures. 3.2 special grout Grout consisting of a homogeneous mixture of cement, water, admixture and additions and possessing characteristic
30、s distinct from those of common grout. NOTE. This grout is not covered by this standard. 4 Materials 4.1 General Grout shall consist of Portland cement, water and admixtures. The materials used shall be such that the chloride content of the grout shall not exceed 0,1 % Cl2of the mass of the cement.
31、This value is the summation of the chlorides occurring as permitted impurities in the constituent materials. The deliberate addition of chlorides is not permitted. 4.2 Cement Cement shall comply with type CEM I according to ENV 197-1 (see also clause 4 of EN 446). NOTE. In some member countries it i
32、s permissible to use cements with a total content of up to 20 % of granulated blast furnace slag or fly ash. This may furthermore apply when it is in conformity with national standards or provisions valid in the place of the concrete structure. 4.3 Water Water shall comply with EN 1008. 4.4 Admixtur
33、es Admixtures shall comply with EN 934-4. It shall be permissible to use admixtures singly or in combination. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 09:25:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 4 EN 447 : 1996 BSI 1997 Table 1. Fluidity test requirements Test method given
34、 in EN 445Immediately after mixing Time (in s) 30 min after mixing1)or at end of injection period Time (in s) At duct outlet Time (in s) Immersion$ 30# 80 (200)2)$ 30 Cone#25 (50)2)#25 (50)2)$ 10 1) Mixing time shall be measured from the time when all of the materials are in the mixer. 2) For grouts
35、 prepared in some mixers which have a high shear mixing action, the upper limits given in table 1 may be increased to 200 s for the immersion test and 50 s for the cone test. The mixer and these limits shall be subject to the approval of the competent authority. Table 2. Compressive strength specime
36、ns Specimen shapeSpecimen dimensions mm Test procedure as specified in EN 445 Prism40 3 40 3 160clause 3.5.1 Cylinder1)100 diameter 3 80 heightclause 3.5.2 1) In some countries cubes are used to establish compressive strength. Where cubes are used, the dimension shall not exceed 100 mm and the proce
37、dure described in clause 3.5.1 of EN 445 shall be appropriately adapted for such testing. The permission of the competent authority shall be obtained for the use of cubes. 5 Properties of grout 5.1 General Grout shall comply with the requirements given in 5.2 to 5.5 for: fluidity and bleeding in the
38、 plastic condition; volume change when hardening; strength when hardened. 5.2 Fluidity The fluidity of the grout during the injection period shall be sufficiently high for it to be pumped effectively and adequately to fill the sheath, but sufficiently low to expel the air and any water in the sheath
39、. When tested by the methods given in 3.2.1 or 3.2.2 of EN 445 the grout shall have the values given in table 1. NOTE. In some countries there are requirements for the variation in fluidity between duct inlets and outlets. 5.3 Bleeding The bleeding of the grout shall be sufficiently low to prevent e
40、xcessive segregation and settlement of the grout materials. When tested by one of the methods given in 3.3 of EN 445 the bleeding shall be less than 2 % of the initial volume of the grout after 3 h. 5.4 Volume change The volume change assessed may be either an increase or decrease. When tested in ac
41、cordance with the methods given in 3.4.2 or 3.4.3 of EN 445 the volume change of the grout shall be within the range 21 % and + 5 %. For grouts with expanding agents there shall be no decrease in volume. 5.5 Strength The compressive strength of grout may be assessed using either of the specimen shap
42、es and sizes given in table 2 and using the corresponding procedure given in the table. In either case the compressive strength shall be not less than 30 MPa at 28 days, or 27 MPa at 7 days if it is proposed to estimate the likely 28 day strength at 7 days. 6 Batching and mixing of grout All materia
43、ls shall be batched by mass except the mixing water which may be batched by mass or volume. The accuracy of batching shall be: 2 % for cement and admixture 1 % for water of the quantities specified. The maximum water/cement (w/c) ratio shall be 0,44. Mixing shall be carried out mechanically to obtai
44、n a homogeneous and stable grout with the plastic properties given in clause 5. Depending upon environmental or material influences (e.g. temperature, configuration of the tendon and the properties of the cement used), the w/c ratio shall be kept as low as possible having regard to the required plas
45、tic properties of the grout. A sufficient amount of material shall be batched to ensure complete grouting of a duct making due allowance for overflow. The grout shall be mixed in a machine capable of producing a homogeneous grout and, after mixing, keeping the grout in slow continuous agitation, unt
46、il it is ready to be pumped into the sheath. Water shall be added to the mixer first, followed by the cement and admixtures. The batch quantities of cement and admixtures may be added as a whole or in part in sequence until the total quantities are added. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na,
47、Sat Nov 04 09:25:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BSI 1997 BS EN 447 : 1997 List of references See national foreword. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 09:25:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL | | | | | | | | | | |
48、 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BSI British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national b
49、ody responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter. Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions. It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services. We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this British Standard would inform the