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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 443 : 1997 The Euro
2、pean Standard EN 443 : 1997 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.220.10; 13.340.20 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Helmets for firefighters This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Health and Environment Sector Board, was pu
3、blished under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 December 1997 BSI 1997 ISBN 0 580 28802 1 BS EN 443 : 1997 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateText affected National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 443 : 1997 published b
4、y the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). It supersedes BS 3864 : 1989, which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee PH/6, Head protection, to subcommittee PH/6/3, Helmets for firefighters, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers t
5、o understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this su
6、bcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence Index, or b
7、y using the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 20, an inside back cover and
8、 a back cover. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1997 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. N
9、o. EN 443 : 1997 E EUROPEAN STANDARDEN 443 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM September 1997 ICS 13.220.10; 13.340.20 Descriptors: Fire fighting, accident prevention, helmets, definitions, characteristics, specifications, tests, mechanical strength, thermal resistance, marking, instructions English
10、 version Helmets for firefighters Casques de sapeurs pompiersFeuerwehrhelme This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1997-09-04. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national st
11、andard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
12、 language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Gre
13、ece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Page 2 EN 443 : 1997 BSI 1997 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 158, Head protection, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This Eu
14、ropean Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 1998. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate giv
15、en to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this standard. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the nat
16、ional standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
17、Contents Page Foreword2 1Scope3 2Normative references3 3Definitions3 4General characteristics4 5Requirements4 6Test procedures5 7Marking10 8Information to be supplied by the manufacturer10 Annex A (informative) UV ageing Alternative test method19 Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Stand
18、ard addressing essential requirements or other provisions of EU Directives20 Page 3 EN 443 : 1997 BSI 1997 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the principal characteristics required for a helmet for firefighters with regard to the level of protection, comfort and durability. It allows options t
19、o take account of particular national requirements. Helmets complying with this standard are not necessarily intended for special applications (for example: oil fires, forest fires). Annex A and figures 1 to 9 are integral parts of this standard. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorpo
20、rates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this Europe
21、an Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. ISO 1817 : 1985Rubber, vulcanized Determination of the effect of liquids ISO 4892-1 : 1994Plastics Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources Part
22、 1: General guidance ISO 4892-2 : 1994Plastics Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources Part 2: Xenon-arc sources ISO 6487 : 1987Road vehicles Measurement techniques in impact tests Instrumentation EN 960Headforms for use in the testing of protective helmets 3 Definitions For the purposes of
23、this European Standard, the following definitions apply: 3.1 firefighters helmet (hereafter referred to as helmet) Headgear intended to ensure protection of the wearers head against hazards which might occur during operations carried out by firefighters. 3.2 headform A shape replacing the head which
24、 is used for testing certain helmet characteristics. NOTE. The headform is designed in accordance with EN 960. 3.3 basic plane 3.3.1 basic plane of the human head A plane at the level of the opening of the external auditory meatus (external ear opening) and the lower edge of the orbits (lower edge o
25、f the eye sockets). 3.3.2 basic plane of the headform The plane which corresponds to the basic plane of the human head. 3.4 reference plane A construction plane parallel to the basic plane of the headform at a distance from it which is a function of the size of the headform. 3.5 longitudinal vertica
26、l median plane The vertical plane of symmetry of the headform. 3.6 sagittal plane of the helmet The plane corresponding with the longitudinal vertical median plane of the headform when the helmet is correctly adjusted on it. 3.7 central vertical axis The line relative to the headform that lies in th
27、e plane of symmetry, that is normal to the basic plane at a point equidistant from the front and the back of the headform at the level of the reference plane. 3.8 vertical axis of the helmet The axis corresponding with the central vertical axis of the headform when the helmet is correctly adjusted o
28、n it. 3.9 basic shape The outer shape which the helmet would have if it had neither comb nor brim nor any of the fairings or radiusing associated with these. 3.10 helmet shell The component which gives the helmet its general shape and on which may be fixed various accessories. 3.11 brim A ridge prot
29、ruding outwards from the basic shape of the shell forming the lower edge of the shell and including its associated fairings and radiusing. 3.12 integral part A part which is not removable from the helmet without use of tools. 3.13 accessory An optional part which is removable from the helmet without
30、 need of tools. 3.14 padding 3.14.1 protective padding Material which serves to dampen shock impact energy. Page 4 EN 443 : 1997 BSI 1997 3.14.2 comfort padding Material which serves to improve comfort for the wearer. 3.15 retention system Those parts which are responsible for securing the helmet in
31、 position on the head, including items which enable adjustment or improved comfort. 3.16 chinstrap Part of a retention system, including a strap which passes underneath the wearers chin and which helps to ensure that the helmet is correctly maintained in place. 3.17 neck-guard Integral part or acces
32、sory which protects the back of the neck from water or other liquids, from hot materials and from radiant heat. 3.18 eyes and/or face shield Integral part or accessory placed in front of the eyes and covering part or the whole of the face. 3.19 ear flaps Integral part or accessory of the helmet whic
33、h protects the ears of the wearer. 3.20 facepiece fixing System enabling a facepiece of a respiratory protective device to be fixed to the helmet in such a way that correct sealing around the face is achievable. 3.21 dripping Softening with material movement and consequent detachment. 4 General char
34、acteristics 4.1 The fit of the helmet shall be adjustable, in order to improve the wearing comfort and the helmet efficiency. This adjustment shall be easily feasible by the wearer without the use of tools. When this adjustment covers several sizes of head circumference, the relevant instructions sh
35、all be given in the information supplied by the manufacturer. 4.2 There shall be no sharp edges, roughness or projection on any part of the helmet which is in contact or potential contact with the head when it is worn, such as is likely to cause discomfort or injury to the wearer. 4.3 For those part
36、s of the helmet that come into contact with the skin, materials which are known to be likely to cause skin irritation or any adverse effect on health shall not be used. For a material not in general use, advice as to its suitability shall be sought before its introduction. 4.4 The materials should b
37、e of durable quality. Their characteristics shall not undergo appreciable alteration under the influence of ageing or of circumstances of use to which the helmet is normally subjected (exposure to sun, rain, cold, contact with the skin, effects of sweat). 4.5 Substances recommended for cleaning, mai
38、ntenance or disinfection shall have no adverse effect on the helmet and shall be known not to be likely to have any adverse effect upon the wearer, when applied in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. 4.6 After the fitting of any interchangeable integral part or accessory the helmet shall
39、 comply with this standard. The replacement of these parts shall be described in the instructions of the manufacturer. 4.7 The helmet shall allow the wearer to hear under normal circumstances of use. 4.8 The helmet shall have the facility for the fitting of optional neck, ear and face protection unl
40、ess these form integral parts of the helmet. 4.9 Care shall be taken in order to avoid helmet interference with the wearing of self-contained breathing apparatus or corrective or protective glasses. 4.10 The components defined in 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, 3.16, 3.17, 3.18, 3.19 and 3.20 are optional. 5 Requ
41、irements 5.1 Protected area When adjusted on the headform as in 6.1.2, the helmet shall at least cover all the area 12,7 mm above the reference plane (see line AA9 in figure 1). 5.2 Field of vision When a helmet is adjusted on the headform as in 6.1.2, the wearers field of vision shall correspond to
42、 the following angles: a) a dihedral angle of at least 105 measured horizontally between L and K on each side of the sagittal plane which passes through the point L (see figures 3 and 5); b) an upper dihedral angle greater than 7 above the reference plane and which is defined by the straight line pa
43、ssing through L1L2(see figures 4 and 5); c) a lower dihedral angle greater than 45 under the basic plane and which is defined by the straight line passing through K1K2situated on the surface of the headform at 31 mm on each side of point K (see figures 4 and 5). 5.3 Shock absorption When a helmet is
44、 tested by the method described in 6.3, the force transmitted to the headform shall not exceed 15 kN. Page 5 EN 443 : 1997 BSI 1997 5.4 Resistance to sharp objects When the helmet is tested in accordance with 6.4, there shall be no contact between the striker and the headform. 5.5 Mechanical rigidit
45、y When the helmet is tested in accordance with 6.5, the maximum transverse and longitudinal deformations of the helmet shall not exceed 40 mm. The residual deformations shall not exceed 15 mm. 5.6 Flame resistance When the helmet is tested in accordance with 6.6 the material shall not show: any drip
46、 during the whole test; any visible flame or glow 5 s after removal of flame. If the external surface of the shell is made of more than one material, each material shall be tested. 5.7 Radiant heat resistance When the helmet is tested in accordance with 6.7, the temperature measured at the surface o
47、f the artificial head shall not rise more than 25 C above the standard laboratory temperature, (202) C. No part of the helmet shall melt to such a degree as to cause dripping of material. Any damage or distortion exhibited by the helmet shall not adversely affect its operational compatibility or pro
48、tection during impact test. 5.8 Electrical properties 5.8.1 When the helmet is tested in accordance with 6.8.1, no evidence of breakdown shall be visible and the leakage current shall not exceed 1,2 mA. 5.8.2 When the helmet is, in addition, optionally tested in accordance with 6.8.2, no evidence of
49、 breakdown shall be visible and the leakage current shall not exceed 1,2 mA. 5.8.3 When the helmet is, in addition, optionally tested to 5.8.1 and if needed to 5.8.2, in accordance with 6.8.3, no evidence of breakdown shall be visible and the leakage current shall not exceed 1,2 mA. NOTE.1. These requirements are intended to provide protection to the wearer against short term accidental contact with live electrical conductors at voltages up to 440 V a.c. NOTE.2. The test in 6.8.1 is intended to simulate closely the situation in use, th