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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 474-7:1998 The Euro
2、pean Standard EN 474-7:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 53.100 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 7: Requirements for scrapers Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 08:54:52 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrol
3、led Copy, (c) BSI This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 July 1998 BSI 1998 ISBN 0 580 29725 X BS EN 474-7:1998 Amendments issued sinc
4、e publication Amd. No.DateText affected National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 474-7:1998. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/513, Construction equipment and plant, and site safety, to Subcommittee B/513/1, Earth-movi
5、ng machinery (International), which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments
6、 and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue
7、 under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence Index, or by using the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct a
8、pplication. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na
9、, Sat Nov 04 08:54:52 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means r
10、eserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 474-7:1998 E EUROPEAN STANDARDEN 474-7 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM March 1998 ICS 53.100 Descriptors: Earth moving equipment, scouring machines, safety of machines, accident prevention, safety requirements, specifications, operating sta
11、tions, human factors engineering, control devices, engine noise, sound power, hazards English version Earth-moving machinery Safety Part7: Requirements for scrapers Engins de terrassement Se curite Partie 7: Exigences applicables aux de capeuses Erdbaumaschinen Sicherheit Teil 7: Anforderungen fu r
12、Scraper This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 March 1998. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographica
13、l references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN me
14、mber into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Por
15、tugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 08:54:52 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 2 EN 474-7:1998 BSI 1998 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151, Construction equipment a
16、nd building material machines Safety, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
17、 at the latest by September 1998. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which i
18、s an integral part of this standard. The annex A is normative and contains List of additional hazards, and the annex B is informative and contains Illustrations. EN 474, Earth-moving machinery Safety comprises the following parts: Part 1, General requirements. Part 2, Requirements for tractor-dozers
19、. Part 3, Requirements for loaders. Part 4, Requirements for backhoe-loaders. Part 5, Requirements for hydraulic excavators. Part 6, Requirements for dumpers. Part 7, Requirements for scrapers. Part 8, Requirements for graders. Part 9, Requirements for pipelayers. Part 10, Requirements for trenchers
20、. Part 11, Requirements for earth and landfill compactors. Part 12, Requirements for rope excavators. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, De
21、nmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom Contents Page Foreword2 0Introduction3 1Scope3 2Normative references3 3Definitions4 3.1Common definitions4 3.2Additional definitions4 4Safety
22、 requirements4 4.1Operators station4 4.2Fenders4 4.3Operators controls4 4.4Retarder5 4.5Lighting, signalling and marking lights, and reflex-reflector devices 5 4.6Tyres and rims5 4.7Airborne noise5 4.8Towing device6 4.9Articulated frame lock6 4.10 Electromagnetic compatibility6 5Warning signs and ha
23、zard pictorials6 6Instruction handbook6 Annex A (normative) List of additional hazards Scrapers7 Annex B (informative) Illustrations8 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship of this European Standard with EU Directives10 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 08:54:52 GMT+00:00 2006, Unc
24、ontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 3 EN 474-7:1998 BSI 1998 0 Introduction This European Standard is a type C-standard as stated in EN 292. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards are covered are indicated in the scope of this standard. 1 Scope This European Standard specifies additional r
25、equirements to and/or exceptions from EN 474-1:1994, Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 1: General requirements. This European Standard applies to wheel and crawler scrapers defined in ISO 6165:1997, and gives additional requirements for derived machinery. This European Standard deals with all signi
26、ficant hazards pertinent to scrapers when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see annex A of this European Standard and annex C of EN 474-1:1994). This European Standard specifies the appropriate technical measures to eliminate or reduce risks arising fro
27、m the significant hazards. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated references, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subseq
28、uent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery Basic concepts General principles f
29、or design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology. EN 292-2:1991, Safety of machinery Basic concepts General principles for design Part 2: Technical principles and specification. EN 474-1:1994, Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 1: General Requirements. ENV 1070:1993, Safety of machinery Terminology.
30、 EN 60068-2-27:1993, Basic environmental testing procedures Part 2: Tests Test Ea and guidance: Shock. EN 60204-1:1992, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment Part 1: General requirements. EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code). ISO 3457:1986, Earth-moving machinery
31、Guards and shields Definitions. ISO 4250-2:1991, Narrow and wide base off-road tyres and rims Part 2: Loads and inflation pressures. ISO/DIS 4250-3:1993, Earth-mover tyres and rims Part 3: Rims. ISO 5006-1:1991, Earth-moving machinery Operators field of view Part 1: Test method. ISO 5353:1995, Earth
32、-moving machinery, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry Seat index point. ISO 6014:1986, Earth-moving machinery Determination of ground speed. ISO 6165:1997, Earth-moving machinery Basic types Vocabulary. ISO/DIS 6393:1995, Acoustics Measurement of exterior noise emitted by earth-
33、moving machinery Stationary test conditions. ISO 6405-1:1991, Earth-moving machinery Symbols for operator controls and other displays Part 1: Common symbols. ISO 6405-2:1993, Earth-moving machinery Symbols for operator controls and other displays Part 2: Specific symbols for machines, equipment and
34、accessories. ISO 6682:1986, Earth-moving machinery Zones of comfort and reach for controls. ISO 7133:1994, Earth-moving machinery Tractor-scrapers Terminology and commercial specifications. ISO 9244:1995, Earth-moving machinery Safety signs and hazard pictorials General principles. ISO/DIS 9249:1995
35、, Earth-moving machinery Engine test code Net power. ISO 10263-2:1994, Earth-moving machinery Operator enclosure environment Part 2: Air filter test. ISO 10263-4:1994, Earth-moving machinery Operator enclosure environment Part 4: Operator enclosure ventilation, heating and/or air-conditioning test m
36、ethod. ISO 10268:1993, Earth-moving machinery Retarders for dumpers and tractor-scrapers Performance tests. ISO 10968:1995, Earth-moving machinery Operators controls. ISO 12509:1995, Earth-moving machinery Lighting, signalling and marking lights, and reflex-reflector devices. ISO/DIS 13766:1996, Ear
37、th-moving machinery Electromagnetic compatibility. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 08:54:52 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 4 EN 474-7:1998 BSI 1998 3 Definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the definitions stated in ENV 1070:1993 apply. Additio
38、nal definitions specifically needed for this European Standard are added below. 3.1 Common definitions Terminology for scrapers is specified in ISO 7133:1994 and illustrated in annex B of this European Standard. Crawler mounted scrapers not covered in ISO 7133:1994 are illustrated in annex B. Defini
39、tions used in EN and ISO standards referred to in this European Standard are also valid for this European Standard. 3.2 Additional definitions scraper self-propelled or towed crawler or wheeled machine, having an open bowl with a cutting edge which cuts, loads, transports, discharges, and spreads ma
40、terial through a forward motion Loading through the forward motion can be assisted by a powered mechanism (e.g. elevator) fixed to the scraper bowl. 4 Safety requirements 4.1 Operators station 4.1.1 Heating and ventilation system If a heating and ventilation system according to EN 474-1:1994, 4.2.2.
41、6 is required, the following applies. The heating and ventilation system shall: either comply with ISO 10263-4:1994; or have the capacity to increase the temperature of the air inside the cab and maintain a temperature of +18 C at the expected ambient temperature. The minimum capacity of the heating
42、 system shall have a DT of 25 C measured at 210 C ambient temperature. Measurement of the system capacity shall be made at three points. The three points shall be located in a vertical plane through the SIP (seat index point) and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the machine as follows (see Figur
43、e 1): at filament position centre-point as defined in ISO 5006-1:1991; at the SIP as defined in ISO 5353:1995; 100 mm above floor plate and 600 mm in front of the SIP. Figure 1 Location of measuring points Alternatively the heating capacity can be determined by calculation. The ventilation system sh
44、all be capable of providing the cab with filtered fresh air at the minimum of 43 m3/h. The filter shall be tested according to ISO 10263-2:1994 NOTEThe filter element selection depends on the intended operating environment conditions. 4.1.2 Rear visibility EN 474-1:1994, 4.7.1, third paragraph, appl
45、ies also for rear window(s) with the following provisions: arrangements to defrost the rear window(s) shall be made; the rear window(s) shall be fitted with a motorized wiper(s) and washer. 4.2 Fenders Scrapers without a cab shall have fenders which comply with ISO 3457:1986. Wheel scrapers with a m
46、aximum designed speed (see ISO 6014:1986) greater than 30 km/h shall be equipped with fenders that protect the operators station from debris ejected by the tyres, if the risk exists. 4.3 Operators controls Operators controls shall comply with ISO 10968:1995. The normal engine stopping device shall b
47、e within the zone of reach (see ISO 6682:1986). 4.3.1 Remote control EN 474-1:1994, 4.4.2.6 applies with the following additions: Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 04 08:54:52 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Page 5 EN 474-7:1998 BSI 1998 Table 1 Achievable sound power le
48、vels UndercarriageAchievable sound power level dB(A)/1pW Basic levelOther Wheel-type104LWA= 85 + 11 log P Crawler-type107LWA= 87 + 11 log P P = engine power in kilowatts according to ISO/DIS 9249:1995. 4.3.1.1 Control box Activation of controls shall only be possible from a portable remote control b
49、ox. The remote control box shall have a keyswitch for activation/deactivation of the remote control. 4.3.1.1.1 General requirements By design, the control box shall not obstruct the machine operators freedom of movement and shall not be affected by impacts and shocks (15g shock load for 11 ms: see EN 60068-2-27:1993) which could cause inadvertent machine movements. The environmental protection of the control box sh