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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 474-8:2006 Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 8: Requirements for graders The European Standard EN 474-8:2006 has the status of a British Standard ICS 53.100 ? BS EN 474-8:2006 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committ
2、ee on 28 February 2007 BSI 2007 ISBN 978 0 580 50158 6 National foreword This British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN 474-8:2006. It supersedes BS EN 474-8:1998, which will be withdrawn on 1 November 2008. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Tech
3、nical Committee B/513, Construction equipment and plant and site safety, to Subcommittee B/513/1, Earth moving machinery (International). A list of organizations represented on B/513/1 can be obtained on request to its secretary. The transition period is to allow stock of products manufactured to BS
4、 EN 474-8:1998 to be exhausted and for manufacturers to adopt the requirements of the revised standard. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunit
5、y from legal obligations. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 474-8 November 2006 ICS 53.100Supersedes EN 474-8:1998 English Version Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 8: Requirements for graders Engins de terrassement -
6、Scurit - Partie 8: Prescriptions applicables aux niveleuses Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 8: Anforderungen fr Grader This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 April 2006. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving
7、this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions
8、 (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cypr
9、us, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION CO
10、MIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 474-8:2006: E EN 474-8:2006 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introd
11、uction.4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 List of additional significant hazards 6 5 Safety requirements and/or measures 6 6 Information for use7 Annex A (normative) List of additional significant hazards Graders8 Annex B (informative) Illustrations9 Annex ZA (informati
12、ve) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC10 Bibliography11 Figures Figure B.1 Articulated steered grader. 9 Figure B.2 Wheel steered grader. 9 Figure B.3 Grader with snowblower 9 Tables Table A.1 List of additional significant hazards. 8
13、EN 474-8:2006 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 474-8:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 “Construction equipment and building material machines Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by p
14、ublication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2008. This European Standard supersedes EN 474-8:1998. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
15、 and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive. For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. For bibliographic references, see EN 474-1:2006. EN 474 “Earth-moving machinery Safety“ comprises t
16、he following parts: Part 1: General requirements Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers Part 3: Requirements for loaders Part 4: Requirements for backhoe-loaders Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators Part 6: Requirements for dumpers Part 7: Requirements for scrapers Part 8: Requirements for
17、 graders Part 9: Requirements for pipelayers Part 10: Requirements for trenchers Part 11: Requirements for earth and landfill compactors Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators. This European Standard is intended for use in combination with Part 1 of the series. According to the CEN/CENELEC Inter
18、nal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Nether
19、lands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. EN 474-8:2006 (E) 4 Introduction This part of EN 474 is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1:2003. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations a
20、nd events are covered are indicated in the scope of this European Standard. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that
21、 have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. EN 474-8:2006 (E) 5 1 Scope This part of EN 474 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to graders as defined in EN ISO 6165:2006, when they are used as intended and under conditio
22、ns of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). This part also deals with graders equipped with attached snowplough. The requirements of this part are complementary to the common requirements formulated in EN 474-1:2006. This part does not repeat the requirements fr
23、om EN 474-1:2006, but adds or replaces the requirements for application for graders. This part specifies the appropriate technical measures to eliminate or reduce risks arising from the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events during commissioning, operation and maintenance of graders. T
24、his European Standard is not applicable to graders manufactured before the date of publication of this European Standard by CEN. NOTE When graders are intended for use in winter service, see EN 13021:2003 “Winter service machines Safety requirements” 2 Normative references The following referenced d
25、ocuments are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 474-1:2006, Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 1: General requi
26、rements EN ISO 7096:2002, Earth-moving machinery Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration (ISO 7096:2000) EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes
27、of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 474-1:2006, EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following apply. NOTE 1 Terminology for graders is specified in ISO 7134:1993 and illustrated in Annex B of this European Standard. NOTE 2 Definitions used in EN and ISO standards referred to in
28、this European Standard are also valid for this document. 3.1 grader self-propelled, wheeled machine which has an adjustable blade positioned between the front and rear axles NOTE 1 The grader can be equipped with a front-mounted blade or scarifier that can also be located between the axles. NOTE 2 T
29、he grader is primarily designed for grading, sloping, ditching and scarifying of materials through its forward motion. NOTE 3 The grader can be equipped with a rear-mounted ripper. EN 474-8:2006 (E) 6 4 List of additional significant hazards See Annex A. NOTE Annex A (normative) contains all the sig
30、nificant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk. 5 Safety requirements and/or measures 5.1 General Graders shal
31、l comply with the requirements of EN 474-1:2006, as far as not modified or replaced by the requirements of this part. 5.2 Operators position 5.2.1 Operators seat EN 474-1:2006, 5.4.1 applies with the addition that the seat shall meet the requirements of EN ISO 7096:2000, tested with the input spectr
32、al class of EM4. 5.2.2 Rear window(s) EN 474-1:2006, 5.3.2.7 and 5.3.2.9 apply also for rear window(s) with the following provisions: arrangement to defrost the rear window(s) shall be made; the rear window(s) shall be fitted with a motorised wiper(s) and washer. 5.3 Fenders EN 474-1:2006, 5.14.7 ap
33、plies with the exception that front wheels do not require fenders. 5.4 Steering system 5.4.1 General EN 474-1:2006, 5.6.1 and 5.6.2 apply with the additions in 5.4.2 and 5.4.3. 5.4.2 Controls Wheel, articulated and bogie steering shall be actuated by separate controls. 5.4.3 Steering performance tes
34、t EN 474-1:2006, 5.6.2 applies with the following additions: the steering performance test shall be conducted with the front steering system (Ackermann steering system) only; during testing, leaning front wheels and articulated or bogie steering systems shall be kept in the vertical and straight ahe
35、ad positions respectively. EN 474-8:2006 (E) 7 5.4.4 Safety requirements for travelling mode For travelling on public roads or long distance travelling off road the following is required: the leaning front wheel system shall be in the vertical position and the corresponding controls shall be mechani
36、cally locked; all blades and equipment shall be in their transport-position and so positioned that they are within the defined transport-width of the machine. 6 Information for use EN 474-1:2006, 7.2 applies with addition of instruction on how to use the grader steering on public roads. EN 474-8:200
37、6 (E) 8 Annex A (normative) List of additional significant hazards Graders The list of hazards in EN 474-1:2006, Annex A, applies with the following additions: Table A.1 List of additional significant hazards No.1) Hazard Relevant clauses of this European Standard Hazards, hazardous situations and h
38、azardous events 1 Mechanical hazards due to: machine parts or working tools, e. g. mass and stability, mechanical strength. 5.4 Additional hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events due to mobility 18 Relating to travelling functions 18.4 Travelling functions 5.4.2 19 Linked to operators sta
39、tion on the machine 19.4 Mechanical hazards at the operators station(s): a) contact with the wheels 5.3 19.5 Insufficient visibility from the operators station(s) 5.2.2 19.7 Inadequate seating 5.2.1 20 Due to the control system 20.3 Inadequate design of manual controls and their mode of operation 5.
40、4.3 24 Insufficient instructions for the operator (operation manual, signs, warnings and markings) 6 1) Number refers to Annex A of EN 474-1:2006. EN 474-8:2006 (E) 9 Annex B (informative) Illustrations Figure B.1 Articulated steered grader Figure B.2 Wheel steered grader Figure B.3 Grader with snow
41、blower EN 474-8:2006 (E) 10 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a
42、 means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive Machinery 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, com
43、pliance with the normative clauses of this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. WARNING Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable t
44、o the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard. EN 474-8:2006 (E) 11 Bibliography 1 ISO 7134:1993, Earth-moving machinery Graders Terminology and commercial specifications 2 ISO 10570:2004, Earth-moving machinery Articulated frame lock Performance requirements 3 EN 13021:2003, Winter ser
45、vice machines Safety requirements 4 EN ISO 6165:2006, Earth-moving machinery Basic types Vocabulary Identification and terms and definitions (ISO 6165:2006) BS EN 474-8:2006 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSI British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible fo
46、r preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter. Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or
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