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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 61582:2006 Radiation protection instrumentation In vivo counters Classification, general requirements and test procedures for portable, transportable and installed equipment The European Standard EN 61582:2006 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.280 ? Licensed Copy: sh
2、effieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 09 01:35:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 61582:2006 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2006 BSI 2006 ISBN 0 580 48479 3 National foreword This British Standard is the
3、 official English language version of EN 61582:2006. It was derived by CENELEC from IEC 61582:2004. The CENELEC common modifications have been implemented at the appropriate places in the text and are indicated by tags . The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee NC
4、E/2, Radiation protection and measurement, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document ma
5、y be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users
6、are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, a
7、nd keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 63 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document
8、indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 09 01:35:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 61582 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM May 2006 CENELEC European Commi
9、ttee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2006 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC
10、members. Ref. No. EN 61582:2006 E ICS 13.280 English version Radiation protection instrumentation - In vivo counters - Classification, general requirements and test procedures for portable, transportable and installed equipment (IEC 61582:2004, modified) Instrumentation pour la radioprotection - Sys
11、tmes de mesure in vivo - Classification, exigences gnrales et procdures dessai pour les appareils portables, mobiles ou poste fixe (CEI 61582:2004, modifie) Strahlenschutz-Messgerte - Einrichtungen fr die in-vivo-berwachung - Ganz- und Teilkrperzhler - Klassifizierung, allgemeine Anforderungen und P
12、rfverfahren fr tragbare, transportable und festinstallierte Einrichtungen (IEC 61582:2004, modifiziert) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2006-02-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
13、Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English,
14、 French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belg
15、ium, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheff
16、ieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 09 01:35:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Foreword The text of the International Standard IEC 61582:2004, prepared by SC 45B, Radiation protection instrumentation, of IEC TC 45, Nuclear instrumentation, together with common modifications prepared by the C
17、ENELEC BTTF 111-3, Nuclear instrumentation and radiation protection instrumentation, was submitted to the formal vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 61582 on 2006-02-01. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identi
18、cal national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2007-02-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2009-02-01 Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 61582:2004 was approved by CENELEC as
19、 a European _ Standard with agreed common modifications. EN 61582:2006 2 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 09 01:35:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 3 EN 61582:2006 CONTENTS 1 Scope and object7 2 Normative references .8 2.1 International standards 8 2.2 Other Internati
20、onal references9 3 Terms and definitions .9 4 Classification12 4.1 General classification 12 4.2 Energy range classification 13 4.2.1 Low energy in vivo monitoring (range from 10 keV to 200 keV)13 4.2.2 High energy in vivo monitoring (range from 100 keV to 3 MeV)13 4.3 Specificity of the measurement
21、 13 4.3.1 Type 1 Nuclide specific, spatially specific with very low background .13 4.3.2 Type 2 Nuclide specific, spatially specific with low background 13 4.3.3 Type 3 Nuclide specific .13 4.3.4 Type 4 Non-nuclide and non-spatial specific 14 5 General14 5.1 General description of the instrument.14
22、5.1.1 General .14 5.1.2 Detection assembly14 5.1.3 Measurement assembly14 5.1.4 Auxiliary equipment15 5.1.5 Ease of operation.15 5.1.6 Ease of decontamination15 5.1.7 Size of subject .15 5.2 Measurement method 15 5.3 Energy range.15 5.4 Background.16 5.5 Measurement range.16 5.6 Minimum detectable a
23、ctivity .16 6 Characteristics of equipment for low-energy emitter measurement.17 6.1 Energy range (10 keV to 200 keV) .17 6.2 Minimum detectable activity .17 6.3 Ranges of measurement of activity 17 6.4 Energy resolution 17 6.5 Integral non-linearity17 6.6 Natural background level .18 6.7 Reference
24、radiation response 18 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 09 01:35:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 61582:2006 4 7 Characteristics of equipment for high-energy emitter measurements 100 keV to 3 MeV 18 7.1 Minimum detection activity.18 7.2 Ranges of measurement19 7.3 E
25、nergy resolution 19 7.4 Integral non-linearity19 7.5 Natural background level .20 7.6 Reference radiation response 20 7.7 Maximum measurable activity 20 7.8 Warm-up time20 7.9 Measurement time.20 8 Performance requirements and test procedures for low-energy emitter measurements21 8.1 General test pr
26、ocedures 21 8.1.1 Nature of tests .21 8.1.2 Tests performed under standard test conditions21 8.1.3 Tests performed with variation of influence quantities .21 8.2 Statistical fluctuations21 8.3 Reference phantom and sources22 8.3.1 General .22 8.3.2 Primary phantoms22 8.3.3 Secondary phantoms (radioa
27、ctive sources).22 8.3.4 Background phantoms22 8.4 Radiation characteristics22 8.4.1 Relative intrinsic error 22 8.4.2 Linearity (in relation to activity).23 8.4.3 Energy range determination .24 8.4.4 Determination of the integral non-linearity (INL) error24 8.4.5 Determination of the efficiency to A
28、mericium-241 59,54 keV gamma .25 8.4.6 Background .26 8.4.7 Determination of minimum detectable activity .26 8.4.8 Determination of the maximum count rate.26 8.4.9 Determination of stability27 8.4.10 Energy resolution measurement .28 8.5 Environmental performance characteristics 29 8.5.1 General .29
29、 8.5.2 Electromagnetic compatibility .29 8.5.3 Ambient temperature31 8.5.4 Relative humidity .32 8.5.5 Magnetic fields.32 8.5.6 Atmospheric pressure 33 9 Performance requirements and test procedures for high-energy emitter measurements33 9.1 General test procedures 33 9.1.1 Nature of tests .33 9.1.2
30、 Tests performed under standard test conditions33 9.1.3 Tests performed with variation of influence quantities .33 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 09 01:35:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 5 EN 61582:2006 9.2 Statistical fluctuations34 9.3 Reference phantom and sourc
31、es34 9.3.1 General .34 9.3.2 Primary phantoms34 9.3.3 Secondary phantoms (radioactive sources).34 9.3.4 Background phantoms34 9.4 Radiation characteristics35 9.4.1 Relative intrinsic error 35 9.4.2 Linearity 35 9.4.3 Response to other radio nuclides .36 9.4.4 Energy range determination .36 9.4.5 Det
32、ermination of the integral non-linearity (INL) error37 9.4.6 Determination of the efficiency to Caesium-137 661,7 keV gamma37 9.4.7 Determination of the efficiency to Iodine-131 39 9.4.8 Cobalt-60 efficiency determination39 9.4.9 Background .39 9.4.10 Determination of minimum detection limit40 9.4.1
33、1 Determination of the maximum count rate.40 9.4.12 Determination of stability41 9.4.13 Energy resolution measurement .42 9.5 Environmental performance characteristics 43 9.5.1 General .43 9.5.2 Electromagnetic compatibility .43 9.5.3 Ambient temperature45 9.5.4 Relative humidity .46 9.5.5 Magnetic
34、fields.47 9.5.6 Atmospheric pressure 47 10 Documentation .47 10.1 Type test report.47 10.2 Certificate47 10.3 Operation and maintenance manual .48 Annex A (informative) A guide to the number of independent instrument readings required to establish a true difference in indication (relevant for normal
35、 distribution) .54 Annex B (normative) Additional requirements and test procedures for transportable and portable assemblies .56 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to International publications with their corresponding European publications62 Bibliography .61 Table 1 Reference and standard te
36、st conditions .48 Table 2 Low-energy in vivo counting with scintillation detectors 49 Table 3 Low-energy in vivo counting with Ge semi-conductor detectors.50 Table 4 High-energy in vivo counting with scintillation detectors51 Table 5 High-energy in vivo counting with Ge semi-conductor detectors52 Ta
37、ble 6 High-energy in vivo counting without spectroscopy.53 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 09 01:35:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 61582:2006 6 Table A.1 Number of instrument readings required to detect true differences (95% confidence level) between two sets of
38、 instrument readings on the same instrument55 Table B.1 Sinusoidal vibration parameters59 Table B.2 Half-sine shock parameters 60 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 09 01:35:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 7 EN 61582:2006 RADIATION PROTECTION INSTRUMENTATION IN VIVO CO
39、UNTERS CLASSIFICATION, GENERAL REQUIREMENTS AND TEST PROCEDURES FOR PORTABLE, TRANSPORTABLE AND INSTALLED EQUIPMENT 1 Scope and object This International Standard specifies the classification, general design requirements, performance characteristics and test procedures for in vivo counting systems f
40、or detecting trace amounts of radionuclides in the bodies of persons working in nuclear power plants, laboratories and facilities handling radionuclides, and inhabitants living on territory which may be contaminated by either naturally occurring or artificial radionuclides. The purpose is to determi
41、ne the dose equivalent to organs and the effective dose of internal radiation for the whole body. This standard is applicable both to equipment with spectroscopic capabilities and instruments for rapid screening for gross internal contamination only. This standard is applicable to instruments for th
42、e monitoring of certain critical organs (for example, lungs, thyroid gland, etc.) as well as instruments for monitoring the whole body. The standard applies to equipment for the measurement of the activity of gamma-emitting radionuclides in humans in order to determine the committed dose equivalent
43、due to internal contamination in accordance with the recommendations of the ICRP 60 and ICRP 61. The requirements of the standard are applicable to the installed apparatus, to vehicle- mounted equipment and to portable instruments. However, Annex B defines the additional mechanical and environmental
44、 performance requirements and the additional testing required for transportable and portable assemblies. The general and radiological requirements of all types of in vivo counters are included in this standard. Depending on the type of instrument and the organ to be checked, measurement geometry may
45、 require the subject of the monitoring procedure to stand, sit, or lie. The detection assembly includes one or more radiation detector. Normally, these are shielded-scintillation or semi-conductor detectors. Where identification of the location of contamination is required, the detectors may be coll
46、imated. The measurement assembly includes functional units for the processing of signals from the detection assembly as well as units for the display of the measured activity. For the measurement of body mass a built-in weighing machine may be used. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu No
47、v 09 01:35:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 61582:2006 8 The standard specifies general types, specific measuring characteristics, main test procedures, electrical and mechanical characteristics Text deleted, as well as the requirements related to background radiation of the environm
48、ent. This equipment is not intended for the determination of external contamination of the human body or the clothing of personnel. This standard is not applicable to equipment such as radiation detectors intended for introduction into the human body. 2 Normative references The following referenced
49、documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. 2.1 International standards IEC 60050-393, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) Chapter 393: Nuclear instrumentation Physical phenomena and basic concepts IEC