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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 2062:1995 Textiles Yarns from packages Determination of single-end breaking force and elongation at break The European Standard EN ISO 2062:1995 has the status of a British Standard BS EN ISO 2062:1995 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the
2、Materials and Chemicals Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 June 1995 BSI 03-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference TCI/24 Draft for comment 91/417147 DC ISBN 0 580 23758 3 Committees r
3、esponsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee TCI/24, Physical testing of textiles, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Consulting Scientists Association of Suppliers to the British Clothing Industry Br
4、itish Nonwovens Manufacturers Association British Polyolefin Textiles Association British Textile Confederation British Textile Machinery Association British Textile Technology Group British Throwsters Association Furniture Industry Research Association International Wool Secretariat Ministry of Def
5、ence National Wool Textile Export Corporation SATRA Footwear Technology Centre Society of Dyers and Colourists Textile Finishers Association Textile Institute Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments BS EN ISO 2062:1995 BSI 03-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front co
6、ver National forewordii Foreword2 Introduction3 1Scope3 2Normative references3 3Definitions3 4Principle4 5Apparatus and materials4 6Sampling4 7Preconditioning and conditioning5 8Procedure5 9Test report6 Annex A (informative) Alternative methods using constant rate of travel (CRT) and constant rate o
7、f loading (CRL) testers8 Annex NA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their relevant European publicationsInside back cover BS EN ISO 2062:1995 ii BSI 03-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee TCI/24 and is the English la
8、nguage version of EN ISO 2062:1995 Textiles Yarns from packages Determination of single-end breaking force and elongation at break, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). It is identical with ISO 2062:1993 published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
9、 This British Standard supersedes BS 1932-1:1989, which is withdrawn. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immu
10、nity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN title page, pages 2 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will
11、be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 2062 April 1995 ICS 59.080.20 Descriptors: Breaking load, definitions, elongation at fracture, sampling methods, testing, textile testing, textiles, twine, yarn, elongation at brea
12、k, sampling, textile industry, tests English version Textiles Yarns from packages Determination of single-end breaking force and elongation at break (ISO 2062:1993) Textiles Fils sur enroulements Dtermination de la force de rupture et lallongement la rupture du fil individuel (ISO 2062:1993) Textili
13、en Garne von Aufmachungseinheiten Bestimmung der Hchstzugkraft und Hchstzugkraftdehnung von Garnabschnitten (ISO 2062:1993) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1995-12-12. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving th
14、is European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (
15、English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmar
16、k, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-
17、1050 Brussels 1995 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN ISO 2062:1995 E EN ISO 2062:1995 BSI 03-1999 2 Foreword The text of the International Standard has been taken as a European Standard by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 248, Textiles and textile products, from ISO/TC 38, Textiles, of the
18、 International Organization for Standardization This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 1995, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 1995. A
19、ccording to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom. EN ISO
20、2062:1995 BSI 03-19993 Introduction In the 1950s and 1960s when this International Standard was first prepared, three types of tensile tester were in wide use: constant rate of specimen extension (CRE), constant rate of travel (CRT), and constant rate of loading (CRL). It was therefore advisable to
21、state the rate of operation in a way which would be common to all three types of tester. In addition, the best possible agreement was sought between test results of the three types of tester. Consequently, the principle of constant time to break was adopted and 20 s to break was chosen for this Inte
22、rnational Standard and also for a number of national standards. In the early 1990s when the present revision was prepared, CRE testers were recognized as the best type, while CRT and CRL testers were quickly becoming obsolete. However, since CRT and CRL testers are still in use internationally, the
23、procedure for using them is included in an informative annex. There is no assurance that the results from the three types of tester will agree. This International Standard considers CRE testers only, so the time-to-break principle is no longer needed and a simpler statement of rate of displacement i
24、s used. The rate of extension of 100 % per minute is adopted as standard, but higher rates are permitted by agreement for automatic testers. 1 Scope 1.1 This International Standard specifies methods for the determination of the breaking force and elongation at break of textile yarns taken from packa
25、ges. Four methods are given: A: manual; specimens are taken directly from conditioned packages; B: automatic; specimens are taken directly from conditioned packages; C: manual; relaxed test skeins are used after conditioning; D: manual; specimens are used after wetting. 1.2 Method C should be used i
26、n cases of dispute regarding elongation at break of the yarn. NOTE 1Methods A, B and C are expected to give the same results for yarn strength but method C may give somewhat truer (and higher) values of elongation than A or B. Method D is likely to give results differing, for both breaking force and
27、 elongation at break, from those obtained by method A, B or C. 1.3 This International Standard specifies methods using constant rate of specimen extension (CRE) tensile testers. Testing on the now obsolete constant rate of travel (CRT) and constant rate of loading (CRL) instruments is covered, for i
28、nformation, in Annex A, in recognition of the fact that these instruments are still popular and may be used by agreement. 1.4 This International Standard applies to all types of yarn except glass yarns, elastomeric yarns, aramid yarns, ceramic yarns, carbon yarns and polyolefin tape yarns. NOTE 2A m
29、ethod for the testing of glass yarns is given in ISO 3341:1984, Textile glass Yarns Determination of breaking force and breaking elongation. 1.5 This International Standard is applicable to yarns from packages but can be applied to yarns extracted from fabrics, subject to agreement between the inter
30、ested parties. 1.6 It is intended for the single-end (single-strand) testing of yarns. NOTE 3The skein method of testing is given in ISO 6939:1988, Textiles Yarns from packages Method of test for breaking strength of yarn by the skein method. 2 Normative references The following standards contain pr
31、ovisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the
32、 possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 139:1973, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing. ISO 2060:1), Textiles Yarn from packages Determination o
33、f linear density (mass per unit length) by the skein method. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 breaking force (load) maximum force applied to a specimen in a tensile test carried to rupture. For yarns, it is preferably expressed in ce
34、ntinewtons 1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 2060:1972) EN ISO 2062:1995 4 BSI 03-1999 3.2 elongation at break increase in length of a specimen produced by the breaking force. It is expressed as a percentage of the original nominal length 3.3 breaking tenacity ratio of a yarns breaking force to i
35、ts linear density. It is usually expressed in centinewtons per tex 3.4 constant rate of specimen extension (CRE) tester testing machine in which one end of the specimen is held in a virtually stationary clamp and the other end is gripped in a clamp that is driven at a constant speed. A suitable syst
36、em is provided for detecting and recording the force applied and the elongation 3.5 clamp that part of a tensile testing machine used to grip the specimen by means of suitable jaws 3.6 jaws those elements of a clamp which grip the specimen 3.7 gauge length length of the specimen measured between the
37、 points of attachment to clamps while under tension. In bollard or capstan clamps, it is the distance between their gripping points, measured along the path of the yarn 3.8 package length of yarn in a form suitable for use, handling, storing, etc. Packages can be supported (e.g. cones, bobbins) or u
38、nsupported (e.g. skeins, balls) 4 Principle A specimen of yarn is extended until rupture by a suitable mechanical device, and the breaking force and elongation at break are recorded. A constant rate of specimen extension of 100 % per minute (based on the initial specimen length) is used, but higher
39、rates are permitted for automatic testers on agreement. Two gauge lengths are permitted: usually 500 mm (with a rate of displacement of 500 mm/min), and exceptionally 250 mm (with a rate of displacement of 250 mm/min). 5 Apparatus and materials 5.1 Constant rate of specimen extension (CRE) tester, w
40、hich complies with the following requirements. a) The tester shall be capable of being set at gauge lengths of 500 mm 2 mm or 250 mm 1 mm, or preferably both. b) The constant rate of displacement of the moving clamp shall be 500 mm/min or 250 mm/min, to an accuracy of 2 %, with higher rates being pe
41、rmitted for automatic testers on agreement. c) The maximum error of the indicated force shall not exceed 2 % of the true force. d) The tester may be of the manual or automatic type. e) The clamps for gripping the specimens shall prevent slipping or cutting of the specimens and breaks at the jaws. Fl
42、at-faced unlined jaws shall be the normal type but, if these cannot prevent slippage, then other types of clamp may be used on agreement, such as lined jaws, bollard clamps or other types of snubbing device. As the type of clamp may influence the reading of the elongation, all parties shall use the
43、same type. f) The tester shall be equipped with an autographic force/elongation recording device of sufficiently fast response, or with a system directly recording the breaking force and elongation at break. g) The tester shall be capable of setting a pretension either by means of a set of pretensio
44、ning weights or by the use of the force-measuring device. 5.2 Reel, for preparing test skeins from the laboratory sample (for methods C and D). 5.3 Swift, or similar device, for holding the test skein under zero tension and permitting easy transfer of the yarn to the tensile tester (for method C). 5
45、.4 Receptacles, for immersing the sample or the specimens in water (for method D). 5.5 Tap water, at room temperature (for method D). 5.6 Nonionic surfactant, 0,1 % aqueous solution (for method D). 6 Sampling 6.1 Samples shall be taken in accordance with a) the directions given in the material speci
46、fication when available, or b) the procedures described in 6.2 to 6.7. EN ISO 2062:1995 BSI 03-19995 6.2 A bulk sample shall be taken of one or more cases, as representative of the lot to be tested as follows: 6.3 If only mean values are required, then 10 packages shall be taken from the bulk sample
47、, distributed as evenly as possible among the cases and among the levels in each case. 6.4 Except for the provisions of 6.5, the minimum number of specimens to be tested shall be 50 for single spun yarns and 20 for other yarns. The specimens shall be distributed as evenly as possible among the 10 pa
48、ckages. 6.5 If the variability of the tests is known and only mean values are required, then the number of specimens shall be calculated as 0,17v2, where v is the coefficient of variation of the individual breaks (expressed as a percentage) obtained from experience on similar material. NOTE 4This nu
49、mber of specimens will give a precision (1,96 the standard error of the mean) of 4 % at a probability level of 90 %. NOTE 5Strength testing is a “one-tail” test; that is, “yarn shall not be weaker than .” but “may be stronger than .” When specifying 90 % probability, one tail of the distribution is 5 %, or exactly the same as the two tails together of the more common 95 % probability appropriate for a “two-tail” test. 6.6 If the coefficient of variation is to be determined in addition to the mean, then 20 packa