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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 1998-4:1998 Petroleum industry Terminology Part 4: Refining ICS 01.040.75; 75.180.20 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:46:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 1998-4:1998 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction o
2、f the Sector Committee for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 January 1999 BSI 05-1999 ISBN 0 580 30885 5 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 1998-4:1998 and implements it as the UK national st
3、andard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PTI/13, Petroleum testing and terminology, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or p
4、roposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement in
5、ternational or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to i
6、nclude all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pa
7、ges i and ii, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 13 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateCom
8、ments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:46:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 1998-4:1998 BSI 05-1999i Contents Page National forewordInside front cover Forewordii 1Scope1 2Normative reference1 3Term numbering1 4Index2 5Order of listing2 Licensed Copy: sheff
9、ieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:46:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:46:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:46:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy
10、, (c) BSI BS ISO 1998-4:1998 ii BSI 05-1999 Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each membe
11、r body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Elec
12、trotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
13、 a vote. International Standard ISO 1998-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28, Petroleum products and lubricants, Subcommittee SC 1, Terminology. This first edition, together with the other seven parts of ISO 1998, cancels and replaces all of the first edition, which was composed of two p
14、arts (ISO 1998-1:1974 and ISO 1998-2:1976). This new edition constitutes a full recast of the standard, with a new classification system for all terms of the two parts of the first edition, which are now distributed in all parts of the new edition, and the addition of many new terms. ISO 1998 consis
15、ts of the following parts, under the general title Petroleum industry Terminology: Part 1: Raw materials and products; Part 2: Properties and tests; Part 3: Exploration and production; Part 4: Refining; Part 5: Transport, storage, distribution; Part 6: Measurement; Part 7: Miscellaneous terms; Part
16、99: General and index. Descriptors: Petroleum industry, crude oil, petroleum refining, vocabulary./ Descripteurs: Industrie du ptrole, ptrole brut, raffinage du ptrole, vocabulaire. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:46:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 1998
17、-4:1998 BSI 05-1999iii Avant-propos LISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fdration mondiale dorganismes nationaux de normalisation (comits membres de lISO). Llaboration des Normes internationales est en gnral confie aux comits techniques de lISO. Chaque comit membre intress par
18、 une tude a le droit de faire partie du comit technique cr cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec lISO participent galement aux travaux. LISO collabore troitement avec la Commission lectrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concer
19、ne la normalisation lectrotechnique. Les projets de Normes internationales adopts par les comits techniques sont soumis aux comits membres pour vote. Leur publication comme Normes internationales requiert lapprobation de 75 % au moins des comits membres votants. La Norme internationale ISO 1998-4 a
20、t labore par le comit technique ISO/TC 28, Produits ptroliers et lubrifiants, sous-comit SC 1, Terminologie. Cette premire dition, conjointement avec les sept autres parties de lISO 1998, annule et remplace la totalit de la premire dition qui comprenait deux parties (ISO 1998-1:1974 et ISO 1998-2:19
21、76). Cette nouvelle dition constitue une refonte complte de la norme, avec un nouveau systme de classification des termes des deux parties de la premire dition, qui se trouvent maintenant rpartis sur lensemble des parties de la nouvelle dition, et lajout de nombreux nouveaux termes. LISO 1998 compre
22、nd les parties suivantes, prsentes sous le titre gnral Industrie ptrolire Terminologie: Partie 1: Matires premires et produits; Partie 2: Proprits et essais; Partie 3: Exploration et production; Partie 4: Raffinage; Partie 5: Transport, stockage, distribution; Partie 6: Mesurage; Partie 7: Termes di
23、vers; Partie 99: Gnralits et index. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:46:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:46:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 1998-4:1998 BSI 05-19991 1 Scope1
24、Domaine dapplication This part of ISO 1998 consists of a list of equivalent English and French terms, in use in the petroleum industry in the area of refining, together with the corresponding definitions in the two languages. ISO 1998 is intended to cover the purposes of the part of the petroleum in
25、dustry dealing with crude oils and petroleum products, that means all related operations arising from the production field to the final user. It is not intended to cover either petroleum equipment, or any operation in the field. However, some pieces of equipment or some operations of exploration and
26、 production are defined. The corresponding terms were introduced only when they appear in a definition of a product or process and when their definition was found necessary for understanding or for avoiding any ambiguity. Where a terminology of petroleum equipment is needed, it corresponds to the sc
27、ope of ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum and natural gas industries. La prsente partie de lISO 1998 comporte une liste de termes quivalents anglais et franais en usage dans lindustrie ptrolire pour dsigner le raffinage, accompagns des dfinitions correspondantes da
28、ns les deux langues. LISO 1998 est destine aux besoins de lindustrie ptrolire dans les domaines correspondants aux ptroles bruts et aux produits ptroliers, cest-dire toutes les oprations prenant place entre la production sur champ et lutilisation finale. Elle nentend pas couvrir le domaine des quipe
29、ments ptroliers ni celui des oprations sur champ. Cependant, certains quipements ou certaines oprations dexploration et de production sont dfinis. Ces termes nont t introduits que lorsquils apparaissaient dans la dfinition dun produit ou dun procd et quand leur dfinition semblait ncessaire la comprh
30、ension ou afin dviter toute ambigut. La terminologie en matire dquipement ptrolier relve de la comptence de lISO/TC 67, Matriel, quipement, structures en mer, pour les industries du ptrole et du gaz naturel. 2 Normative reference2 Rfrence normative The following standard contains provisions which, t
31、hrough reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of app
32、lying the most recent edition of the standard indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 1998-99:, Petroleum industry Terminology Part 99: General and indexa. La norme suivante contient des dispositions qui, par suite de la rfrence qui
33、en est faite, constituent des dispositions valables pour la prsente Norme internationale. Au moment de la publication, ldition indique tait en vigueur. Toute norme est sujette rvision et les parties prenantes des accords fonds sur la prsente Norme internationale sont invites rechercher la possibilit
34、 dappliquer ldition la plus rcente de la norme indique ci-aprs. Les membres de la CEI et de lISO possdent le registre des Normes internationales en vigueur un moment donn. ISO 1998-99:, Industrie ptrolire Terminologie Partie 99: Gnralits et indexa. a To be published.a publier. 3 Term numbering3 Numr
35、otation des termes The general classification and numbering system used in ISO 1998 employs digits grouped in three categories: Le systme gnral de classification et de numrotation, dfini dans lISO 1998, est de la forme: x.yy.zzzx.yy.zzz whereo xis the part number of ISO 1998, in this case Part 4; xe
36、st le numro de partie de lISO 1998, ici Partie 4; Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:46:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 1998-4:1998 2 BSI 05-1999 yyis the subcategory in which the term appears. Part 4 has six subcategories: yydsigne la sous-catgorie dans l
37、aquelle le terme apparat. La Partie 4 a six souscatgories: 10operations10fonctionnement 20processing without conversion20traitement sans conversion 30processing with conversion30traitement avec conversion 40petrochemical process40procds pour la ptrochimie 50equipment utilities50quipement utilits 60m
38、iscellaneous60divers zzzis the serial number of the individual term.zzzest le numro dordre de chaque terme. 4 Index4 Index See ISO 1998-99.Se reporter lISO 1998-99. 5 Order of listing5 Prsentation des termes Terms are listed in serial number order.La liste suivante est classe selon lordre numrique.
39、4.10 Operations4.10 Fonctionnement 4.10.010 reflux 4.10.010 reflux in distilling operations, portion of the distillate returning to the column au cours dune distillation, partie du condensat qui retourne dans la colonne 4.10.011 reflux ratio 4.10.011 taux de reflux ratio of the volume of the reflux
40、from the top to the volume of distillate withdrawn from a distillation column rapport en volume du reflux de tte celui du distillat extrait dune colonne de distillation 4.10.012 internal reflux 4.10.012 reflux interne liquid that returns inside a distillation column in normal operation liquide redes
41、cendant dans une colonne de distillation en fonctionnement normal 4.10.020 distillation pressure 4.10.020 pression de distillation pressure measured at the top of the column during a distillation operation pression mesure au niveau de la tte de colonne dans une opration de distillation 4.10.030 dyna
42、mic hold-up 4.10.030 retenue dynamique quantity of material held at a given moment in a distillation column in normal operation quantit de matire contenue un moment donn dans une colonne de distillation en fonctionnement normal Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:46:47 GMT+00:0
43、0 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 1998-4:1998 BSI 05-19993 4.10.031 static hold-up 4.10.031 retenue statique quantity of material retained in a distillation column when the distillation is finished, i.e. after the tower or packing is allowed to drain quantit de liquide retenue dans une colon
44、ne de distillation quand la distillation est termine, cest dire aprs que la colonne ou le remplissage aient commenc se vider 4.10.040 pressure drop 4.10.040 perte de charge pressure difference between two points in a fluiddiffrence de pression dun fluide entre deux points NOTEIn a plate-type column,
45、 the pressure drop is at least equal to the sum of the depths of liquid on the plates which the vapour traverses throughout the column. NOTEDans le cas dune colonne plateaux rels, la perte de charge est au minimum gale la somme des hauteurs de couches liquides que la vapeur traverse dans lensemble d
46、es plateaux. 4.10.050 flash vaporization instantaneous vaporization 4.10.050 vaporisation instantane partial or total vaporization obtained by sudden reduction of pressure vaporisation partielle ou totale obtenue par dtente brusque 4.10.051 vaporization rate boil-up rate 4.10.051 taux de vaporisatio
47、n volume of liquid vaporized per unit of timevolume de liquide vaporis par unit de temps 4.10.052 flooding 4.10.052 engorgement phenomenon that upsets the normal operation of a distillation column due to an excessive speed of vapour travelling up the column, preventing liquid from flowing phnomne pe
48、rturbant le fonctionnement normal dune colonne de distillation provoqu par une vitesse excessive de la vapeur traversant cette colonne, empchant le liquide de redescendre dans la colonne 4.10.053 steamage steamout 4.10.053 chasse la vapeur expulsion of a product by injection of steamexpulsion dun produit par injection de vapeur deau 4.10.060 gap 4.10.060 cart interval of temperature separating the final boiling point of one fraction from the initial point of the following fraction in a distillation under standard conditions intervalle de temprature sparant le point final du