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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 7176-3:2003 Wheelchairs Part 3: Determination of effectiveness of brakes ICS 11.180.10 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:54:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 7176-3:2003 This British Standard was published under the authority of th
2、e Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 12 June 2003 BSI 12 June 2003 ISBN 0 580 42050 7 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 7176-3:2003 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CH/173
3、/1, Wheelchairs, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under
4、the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct applic
5、ation. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; mon
6、itor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 11 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indica
7、tes when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:54:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference number ISO 7176-3:2003(E) OSI 3002 NINRETOITALAN ADNATSDR OSI 7-6713 ceSond deition -3
8、00251-40 Wheelchairs Part 3: Determination of effectiveness of brakes Fauteuils roulants Partie 3: Dtermination de lefficacit des freins Refe OSI 3-6 OSI 3002 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7176-3 Second edition 2003-04-15 ahcleehWi sr :3 traP imreteDntanoi of ffeitcevensse arb fosek Fuetuasli rolustna
9、raPtie :3 tDermitannoi ed lciffeacit des rfiesn BS ISO 71763:2003 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:54:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS-6717 O3:(3002E) ii BS ISO 71763:2003 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:54:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontr
10、olled Copy, (c) BSI IS-6717 O3:(3002E) iii Contents Page Forewordiv 1 Scope1 2 Normative references .1 3 Terms and definitions.1 4 Principle.2 5 Apparatus.2 6 Preparation of the test wheelchair 3 7 Brake performance .3 7.1 General.3 7.2 Parking brakes 4 7.3 Running brakes, normal operation .4 7.4 Ru
11、nning brakes, operation by reverse command .5 7.5 Running brakes, emergency operation 5 8 Parking brakes fatigue5 9 Test report6 10 Disclosure of results.6 Annex A (normative) Method for determining brake lever operating force .8 Annex B (informative) Test method for determining the performance of r
12、unning brakes on manual wheelchairs10 BS ISO 71763:2003 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:54:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS-6717 O3:(3002E) iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards b
13、odies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizati
14、ons, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the
15、 ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of t
16、he member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 7176-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 173, Technical
17、 systems and aids for disabled or handicapped persons, Subcommittee SC 1, Wheelchairs. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 7176-3:1988), which has been technically revised. ISO 7176 consists of the following parts, under the general title Wheelchairs: Part 1: Determinatio
18、n of static stability Part 2: Determination of dynamic stability of electric wheelchairs Part 3: Determination of the effectiveness of brakes Part 4: Energy consumption of electric wheelchairs and scooters for determination of theoretical distance range Part 5: Determination of overall dimensions, m
19、ass and turning space Part 6: Determination of maximum speed, acceleration and deceleration of electric wheelchairs Part 7: Measurement of seating and wheel dimensions Part 8: Requirements and test methods for static, impact and fatigue strengths Part 9: Climatic tests for electric wheelchairs Part
20、10: Determination of obstacle-climbing ability of electric wheelchairs Part 11: Test dummies Part 13: Determination of coefficient of friction of test surfaces Part 14: Power and control systems for electric wheelchairs Requirements and test methods BS ISO 71763:2003 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheff
21、ieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:54:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS-6717 O3:(3002E) v Part 15: Requirements for information disclosure, documentation and labelling Part 16: Resistance to ignition of upholstered parts Requirements and test methods Part 19: Wheeled mobility devices for use i
22、n motor vehicles Part 22: Set-up procedures Part 23: Requirements and test methods for attendant-operated stair-climbing devices The following parts are also on the programme of work: Part 20: Determination of the performance of stand-up type wheelchairs Part 21: Requirements and test methods for el
23、ectromagnetic compatibility of electrically powered wheelchairs and motorized scooters Part 24: Requirements and test methods for user-operated stair-climbing devices A Technical Report (ISO/TR 13570:2001, Guidelines for the application of the ISO 7176 series on wheelchairs) is also available giving
24、 a simplified explanation of these parts of ISO 7176. BS ISO 71763:2003 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:54:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:54:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI INTERNAT
25、IONAL STANDARD ISO 7176-3:2003(E) 1 Wheelchairs Part 3: Determination of effectiveness of brakes 1 Scope This part of ISO 7176 specifies test methods for the measurement of the effectiveness of brakes of manual wheelchairs and electrically powered wheelchairs, including scooters, intended to carry o
26、ne person, with a maximum speed not exceeding 15 km/h. It also specifies disclosure requirements for the manufacturer. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated r
27、eferences, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 6440, Wheelchairs Nomenclature, terms and definitions ISO 7176-6, Wheelchairs Part 6: Determination of maximum speed, acceleration and deceleration of electric wheelchairs ISO 7176-11, Wheelchairs Part 1
28、1: Test dummies ISO 7176-13, Wheelchairs Part 13: Determination of coefficient of friction of test surfaces ISO 7176-15, Wheelchairs Part 15: Requirements for information disclosure, documentation and labelling ISO 7176-22, Wheelchairs Part 22: Set-up procedures 3 Terms and definitions For the purpo
29、ses of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 6440 and the following apply. 3.1 running brake means to stop or to slow the wheelchair 3.2 control device means by which the user directs an electrically powered wheelchair to move at the desired speed and/or in the desired direction of t
30、ravel 3.3 parking brake means to keep the wheelchair stationary BS ISO 71763:2003 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:54:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS-6717 O3:(3002E) 2 3.4 tipping movement of the wheelchair occurring when the force under its uphill wheels be
31、comes zero whilst negotiating a test slope or when the force under all trailing wheels becomes zero whilst travelling on the horizontal test surface 3.5 sliding movement of the wheelchair across the test surface without rotation of its braked wheels 4 Principle A number of wheelchair braking operati
32、ons are carried out and the resulting responses of the wheelchair are measured and observed. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Rigid, flat, horizontal test plane with a coefficient of friction as specified in ISO 7176-13, of sufficient size to conduct the tests and within a test environment at 20 C 10 C. NOTE 1 An ar
33、ea of approximately 10 m by 3 m is normally of sufficient size. NOTE 2 The floor of a typical large building used for manufacturing or indoor leisure with, for example, a wooden, concrete, or asphalt floor is acceptable. 5.2 Adjustable test plane, a rigid, flat test plane within a test environment a
34、t 20 C 10 C, and which: a) is large enough to accommodate the test wheelchair; b) has a surface which lies between two imaginary parallel planes 5 mm apart throughout the test and which has a coefficient of friction as specified in ISO 7176-13; c) has a slope which can be adjusted from the horizonta
35、l about a single axis: 1) if the slope of the test plane is increased in a continuous fashion, the rate of increase in the slope should not exceed 1o/s as the angle of wheelchair instability is approached; 2) if the slope of the test plane is increased in a stepwise fashion, the movement between ste
36、ps should be sufficiently smooth that it does not affect the test results. NOTE A range of angles from horizontal to 25 is usually adequate for most wheelchairs. 5.3 Rigid, flat, inclined test ramp within a test environment at 20 C 10 C, with a coefficient of friction as specified in ISO 7176-13 and
37、 with inclinations of 3 0,5, 6 0,5 and 10 0,5 relative to the horizontal. NOTE 1 This may be either three separate fixed ramps or a single ramp with adjustable inclination. NOTE 2 An area of approximately 10 m by 3 m is normally of sufficient size for each ramp, but testing of larger wheelchairs may
38、 require larger ramps. 5.4 Test dummy, as specified in ISO 7176-11, or a human test driver. NOTE 1 If a dummy is used, remote control devices may be used to operate the wheelchair controls. NOTE 2 If a human driver is used, care should be taken during the test to minimize any movement of the drivers
39、 position or posture within the chair as this may affect the results. BS ISO 71763:2003 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:54:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS-6717 O3:(3002E) 3 5.5 Supplementary weights to add to the human test driver to give the mass distribut
40、ion equivalent to the relevant dummy. 5.6 Braking distance measurement equipment to measure the braking distance of a wheelchair with an accuracy of 50 mm. 5.7 Inclinometer to measure the angle of the slope of the test plane with respect to the horizontal to an accuracy of 0,2. 5.8 Force measurement
41、 equipment to measure force with an accuracy of 5 % over a range of 10 N to 250 N. 5.9 Repetitive brake operating system to operate the parking brakes from the brake-off position to the brake-on position and return to the brake-off position 60 000 times at a frequency not exceeding 0,5 Hz such that
42、the means does not apply forces in excess of 1,5 times the force required to operate the brakes. 6 Preparation of the test wheelchair Prepare the test wheelchair as follows before commencing the sequence of tests. a) Set up the wheelchair with the test dummy as specified in ISO 7176-22 and add restr
43、aints to minimize movement. If a human test driver is used, set up the wheelchair as specified in ISO 7176-2 and with the driver in a position similar to that specified for the test dummy. b) For wheelchairs with adjustable brakes, adjust the brakes as specified by the manufacturer in the user manua
44、l or, if the manufacturer gives no specification for adjustment, adjust the brakes to give a maximum operating force as specified in Table 1, measured using the method specified in Annex A. Table 1 Maximum operating force Operating force Means of operation N hand 60 5 foot, push 100 10 foot, pull 60
45、 5 finger 13,5 2 The operating forces may not be achievable for some designs of brake. In such cases, the brakes shall be adjusted to give the value as near as practicable to these values. If the operating force exceeds the value specified in Table 1, the operating force shall be disclosed as specif
46、ied in Clause 10. 7 Brake performance WARNING These tests are potentially hazardous to test personnel. Precautions should be taken. 7.1 General Perform the tests specified in 7.2 to 7.5. The tests in Clause 7 may be performed in any sequence, but shall be carried out before the tests specified in Cl
47、ause 8. BS ISO 71763:2003 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:54:30 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS-6717 O3:(3002E) 4 7.2 Parking brakes This test applies to parking brakes, if fitted, for all types of wheelchairs. a) Ensure that any electrical propulsion and brak
48、ing systems are at working temperature. NOTE 1 This may be done by driving the wheelchair in a typical pattern of usage involving stopping and starting for approximately 10 min. b) Complete c) to g) within 5 min of completing a). c) Disengage any motor drive system. d) Turn off any power systems for
49、 driving the wheelchair. e) Fully apply the parking brakes with the wheelchair facing downhill on the adjustable test plane set at an angle of less than 2, castors in trailing position, and aligned such that a line through the centres of the downhill wheels is parallel to the axis of tip of the plane 3. Do not re-engage any motor drive system. NOTE 2 It may not be possible to determine