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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 13468-1:1997 BS 2782-5: Method 532A: 1997 Plastics Determination of the total luminous transmittance of transparent materials Part 1: Single-beam instrument The European Standard EN ISO 13468-1:1996 has the status of a British Standard ICS 83.080.01 Licensed Copy: sheffiel
2、dun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 02:14:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 13468-1:1997 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board for Chemicals and Materials, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect o
3、n 15 January 1997 BSI 11-1998 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PRI/21 Draft for comment 94/340653 DC ISBN 0 580 26397 5 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee
4、PRI/21, Testing of plastics, upon which the following bodies were represented: The British Apparel and Textile Confederation British Plastics Federation Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Department of Trade and Industry (National Physical Laboratory) Electrical and Elec
5、tronic Insulation Association (BEAMA Ltd.) GAMBICA (BEAMA Ltd.) Institute of Materials Ministry of Defence Packaging and Industrial Films Association PIRA International RAPRA Technology Ltd. Royal Society of Chemistry Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldu
6、n sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 02:14:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 13468-1:1997 BSI 11-1998i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover National forewordii Foreword2 1Scope3 2Normative references3 3Definitions3 4Apparatus3 5Test specimens5 6Conditioning5 7Procedu
7、re5 8Expression of results5 9Precision5 10Test report5 Annex A (informative) Use of a compensation port to increase the efficiency of an integrating sphere7 Figure 1 Schematic arrangements of the apparatus4 Figure A.1 Determination of F1 and F2 for the integrating sphere8 Table 1 Measurements6 Table
8、 2 Interlaboratory trials data6 List of referencesInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 02:14:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 13468-1:1997 ii BSI 11-1998 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee PRI/21
9、 and is the English language version of EN ISO 13468-1:1996 Plastics Determination of total luminous transmittance of transparent materials Part 1: Single-beam instrument. It is identical with ISO 13468-1:1996 published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). This standard is al
10、so designated BS 2782-5:Method 532A. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Cros
11、s-references Publication referred toCorresponding British Standard ISO 7724-2:1984BS 3900 Methods of test for paints Group D. Optical tests on paint films Part D9:1986 Determination of colour and colour difference: measurement BS ISO 5725 Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and
12、results ISO 5725-1:1994BS ISO 5725-1:1994 General principles and definitions ISO 5725-2:1994BS ISO 5725-2:1994 Basic methods for the determination of a repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method ISO 5725-3:1994BS ISO 5725-3:1994 Basic methods for the determination of the true
13、ness of a standard measurement method Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN title page, pages 2 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. T
14、his will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 02:14:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 13468-1 August 1996 ICS 83.080 Descriptors: Plastics, transparen
15、t plastics, tests, optical tests, determination, transmittance, photometric method English version Plastics Determination of total luminous transmittance of transparent materials Part 1: Single-beam instrument (ISO 13468-1:1996) Plastiques Dtermination du facteur de transmission du flux lumineux tot
16、al des matriaux transparents Partie 1: Instrument faisceau unique (ISO 13468-1:1996) Kunststoffe Bestimmung des totalen Lichttransmissionsgrades von transparenten Materialien Teil 1: Einstrahlinstrument (ISO 13468-1:1996) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1996-06-09. CEN members are boun
17、d to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Ce
18、ntral Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status a
19、s the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit E
20、uropen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1996 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN ISO 13468-1:1996 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 02:14:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 1346
21、8-1:1996 2 BSI 11-1998 Foreword The text of the International Standard ISO 13468-1:1996 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249, Plastics, the secretariat of which is held by IBN. ISO 13468 consists of the following parts, un
22、der the general title Plastics Determination of the total luminous transmittance of the transparent materials Part 1: Single-beam instrument; Part 2: Double-beam instrument. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endo
23、rsement, at the latest by February 1997, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 1997. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Be
24、lgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 02:14:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 13468-1:1996 BSI
25、11-19983 1 Scope This part of ISO 13468 covers the determination of the total luminous transmittance, in the visible region of the spectrum, of planar transparent and substantially colourless plastics, using a single-beam photometer with a specified CIE standard light source and photodetector. This
26、part of ISO 13468 cannot be used for plastics which contain fluorescent materials. This part of ISO 13468 is applicable to transparent moulding materials, films and sheets not exceeding 10 mm in thickness. NOTE 1Total luminous transmittance can also be determined by a double-beam spectrophotometer a
27、s in part 2 of the standard. Part 1, however, provides a simple but precise, practical and quick determination. This method is suitable for use not only for analytical purposes but also for quality control. NOTE 2Substantially colourless plastics include those which are faintly tinted. NOTE 3Specime
28、ns more than 10 mm thick may be measured provided the instrument can accommodate them, but the results may not be comparable with those obtained using specimens less than 10 mm thick. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute
29、provisions of this part of ISO 13468. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 13468 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards in
30、dicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 291:1977, Plastics Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing. ISO 5725-1:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 1: General principles and definiti
31、ons. ISO 5725-2:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method. ISO 5725-3:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 3: I
32、ntermediate measures of the precision of a standard measurement method. ISO 7724-2:1984, Paints and varnishes Colorimetry Part 2: Colour measurement. ISO/CIE 10526:1991, CIE standard colorimetric illuminants. ISO/CIE 10527:1991, CIE standard colorimetric observers. CIE Publication No. 17.4:1987, CIE
33、 International lighting vocabulary also published as IEC 50(845):1987, International electrotechnical vocabulary Chapter 845: Lighting. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this part of ISO 13468, the definitions given in CIE Publication No. 17.4 for transparent medium, transmittance, regular transmitt
34、ance and luminous flux apply, together with the following: 3.1 transparent plastics plastics in which the transmission of light is essentially regular and which have a high transmittance in the visible region of the spectrum NOTE 4Provided their geometrical shape is suitable, objects will be seen di
35、stinctly through plastic which is transparent in the visible region. 3.2 total luminous transmittance the ratio of the transmitted luminous flux to the incident luminous flux when a parallel beam of light passes through a specimen 4 Apparatus 4.1 The apparatus shall consist of a stabilized light sou
36、rce, an associated optical system, an integrating sphere fitted with ports, and a photometer. Ingress of external light into the integrating sphere shall be prevented. A schematic arrangement of the apparatus is shown in Figure 1. 4.2 The light source and/or photodetector shall be fitted with filter
37、s so that the output of the combined system corresponds to the CIE standard colorimetric observer as specified in ISO/CIE 10527 and CIE standard illuminant D65 as specified in ISO/CIE 10526. The output of the photodectector shall be proportional, to within 1 %, to the incident flux over the flux ran
38、ge used. The spectrophotometric characteristics of the light source and the photodetector shall be kept constant during measurements on specimens. The measurement conditions shall be such that the specimen temperature does not increase while measurements are made. 4.3 The light source shall be combi
39、ned with an optical system to produce a parallel beam of light; the angle which any ray of this beam makes with the axis of the beam shall not exceed 0,087 rad (5). The beam shall not be vignetted at either port of the sphere. The diameter of the beam shall be 0,5 to 0,8 times the diameter of the en
40、trance port of the integrating sphere. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 02:14:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 13468-1:1996 4 BSI 11-1998 4.4 Using this instrument, the repeatability standard deviation shall be 0,2 % or less. The within-laboratory reproducib
41、ility over long time intervals shall not exceed the repeatability by a factor of more than 3. 4.5 The design of the instrument shall be such that it reads zero when the incident flux is zero. 4.6 The integrating sphere used to collect the transmitted flux may be of any diameter as long as the total
42、port area does not exceed 3,0 % of the internal area of the sphere. NOTE 5It is recommended that the diameter of the integrating sphere is not less than 150 mm so that specimens of a reasonable size can be used. NOTE 6When the diameter of the integrating sphere is 150 mm and the diameters of the ent
43、rance, compensation and photodetector ports are 30 mm, the ratio of the total port area to the internal area of the sphere is 3,0 %. 4.7 The entrance and compensation ports of the integrating sphere shall be circular and of the same size. The entrance port, compensation port and photodetector port s
44、hall not lie on a great circle of the sphere. 4.8 The photodetector shall be fitted with baffles to prevent light falling on it directly from the specimen. 4.9 The surfaces of the interior of the integrating sphere and the baffles shall be of substantially equal luminous reflectance which, determine
45、d in accordance with ISO 7724-2, shall be 90 % or more and shall not vary by more than 3 %. When direct measurement of the reflectance of the internal surface of an integrating sphere is difficult, the measurement may be carried out instead on a surface prepared from the same material in the same wa
46、y as the internal surface. 4.10 The light trap shall absorb 95 % or more of the light incident on it. 4.11 The specimen holder shall be such as to hold the specimen rigidly in a plane normal 2 to the light beam and as closely as possible to the integrating sphere to ensure that all the light which p
47、asses through the specimen, including scattered light, is collected. The holder shall be designed so that it keeps flexible specimens, such as film, flat. NOTE 7It is recommended that thin, flexible film is clamped round the edge in a double-ring-type holder or double-sided adhesive tape is used to
48、stick it to the edge of the holder. The latter method is used for thicker specimens, which cannot be mounted in the double-ring-type holder. Figure 1 Schematic arrangement of the apparatus Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 02:14:00 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN I
49、SO 13468-1:1996 BSI 11-19985 5 Test specimens 5.1 Specimens shall be cut from film, sheet or injection-moulded or compression-moulded mouldings. 5.2 Specimens shall be free of defects, dust, grease, adhesive from protecting materials, scratches and blemishes, and shall be free from visibly distinct internal voids and particles. 5.3 Specimens shall be large enough to cover the entrance port and the compensation port of the integrating sphere. NOTE 8For a 150 mm diameter sphere, a disc of 50 mm or 60 mm in diameter