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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 10306:1995 Textiles Cotton fibres Evaluation of maturity by the air flow method This European Standard EN ISO 10306:1995 has the status of a British Standard Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 13:21:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN IS
2、O 10306:1995 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 August 1995 BSI 12-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:
3、 Committee reference TCI/24 Draft for comment 91/41084 DC ISBN 0 580 23759 1 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee TCI/24, Physical testing of textiles, upon which the following bodies were represented: Associat
4、ion of Consulting Scientists Association of Suppliers to the British Clothing Industry British Nonwovens Manufacturers Association British Polyolefin Textiles Association British Textile Confederation British Textile Machinery Association British Textile Technology Group British Throwsters Associati
5、on Furniture Industry Research Association International Wool Secretariat Ministry of Defence National Wool Textile Export Corporation SATRA Footwear Technology Centre Society of Dyers and Colourists Textile Finishers Association Textile Institute Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComm
6、ents Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 13:21:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 10306:1995 BSI 12-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover National forewordii Foreword2 Introduction3 1Scope3 2Normative references3 3Definitions3 4Principle
7、3 5Apparatus and materials3 6Atmosphere for conditioning and testing4 7Sampling and number of specimens4 8Procedure4 9Calculation and expression of results4 10Test report5 Annex A (normative) Operation of the air flow instrument “Fineness/Maturity Tester”6 Annex B (normative) Method for instrument c
8、alibration6 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their relevant European publicationsInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 13:21:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 10306:1995 ii BSI 12-1999 National forew
9、ord This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee TCI/24 and is the English language version of EN ISO 10306:1995 Textiles Cotton fibres Evaluation of maturity by the airflow method, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). It is identical with ISO 10306:1993 p
10、ublished by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immu
11、nity from legal obligations. Cross-references Publication referred toCorresponding British Standard EN 20139:1992BS EN 20139:1992 Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing ISO 4912:1981BS 3085:1981 Method for evaluation of the maturity of cotton fibres (microscopic method) Summary o
12、f pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN ISO title page, pages 2 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment tabl
13、e on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 13:21:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 10306 April 1995 ICS 59.060.10 Descriptors: Air, air flow, air flow test method, cotton fibres, definitions
14、, degree of maturity, estimation, gas glow, testing, tests, textile English version Textiles Cotton fibres Evaluation of maturity by the air flow method (ISO 10306:1993) Textiles Fibres de coton Evaluation de la maturit par la mthode courant dair (ISO 10306:1993) Textilien Baumwollfasern Bewertung d
15、er Reife durch das Luftstrom-Prfverfahren (ISO 10306:1993) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1994-12-12. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without an
16、y alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
17、 translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Lux
18、embourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1995 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN
19、ISO 10306:1995 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 13:21:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 10306:1995 BSI 12-1999 2 Foreword The text of the International Standard has been taken as a European Standard by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 248, Textiles and textil
20、e products, from ISO/TC 38, Textiles, of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 1995, and conflicting national standards
21、shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 1995. According to CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spa
22、in, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom. NOTENormative references to international publications are listed in Annex ZA (normative). Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 13:21:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 10306:1995 BSI 12-19993 Introduction The term “cotton
23、fibre maturity” is commonly used to signify the relative degree of fibre wall development. The measurement of the relative degree of wall thickening is too laborious for most practical purposes, therefore the determination of the maturity of cotton fibres is done by indirect methods. A microscopic m
24、ethod is described in ISO 4912:1981. This method has been used as a reference method for the industrial evaluation of the maturity of cotton fibres using air flow instruments, which is the object of this standard. 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for the evaluation of the matur
25、ity of loose randomized cotton fibres by measuring the resistance to air flow of a plug of cotton fibres under two prescribed conditions. The method is applicable to cotton taken at random from bales. Laps and slivers or other sources of lint cotton may be tested, however results may differ if fibre
26、s are taken from bales. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to
27、agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 139:1973, Textiles Standard atmospheres for c
28、onditioning and testing. ISO 1130:1975, Textile fibres Some methods of sampling for testing. ISO 2403:1972, Textiles Cotton fibres Determination of micronaire value. ISO 4912:1981, Textiles Cotton fibres Evaluation of maturity Microscopic method. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International
29、Standard, the definitions in ISO 4912:1981 and ISO 2403:1972 apply. The following definitions are repeated here for the convenience of the user. 3.1 immature fibre fibre which, upon swelling, either assumes a spiral form or lies flat, thinly outlined and almost transparent it has a wall thickness of
30、 less than one-fourth of the maximum fibre width ISO 4912:1981 3.2 mature fibres fibres, the cell walls of which have developed sufficiently so that, upon swelling, they become unconvoluted and almost rod-like in shape such fibres have a wall thickness equal to or greater than one-fourth of the maxi
31、mum fibre width ISO 4912:1981 3.3 maturity ratio, M ratio of the degree of wall thickening to a standard degree of thickening selected arbitrarily to equal 0,577 ISO 4912:1981 3.4 percent maturity, Pm average percentage of mature fibres in a sample, based on the total number of fibres ISO 4912:1981
32、3.5 micronaire value measure of the air permeability of a mass of cotton under specified conditions, expressed in terms of an arbitrary scale, the so-called micronaire scale the micronaire scale is based on a range of cottons to which micronaire values have been assigned by international agreement I
33、SO 2403:1972 4 Principle Air is passed through a test specimen consisting of a plug of well-opened randomized cotton fibres. For the same mass of fibres the permeability is measured by two different compressions of the plug. For each compression, air is passed through the plug at a specified rate an
34、d the pressure drop across the plug is indicated on a pressure gauge and expressed as the height, in millimetres, of a water column. The pressure drop obtained at low compression of the plug is designated PL and the other, at high compression, is designated PH. These two pressures may be used to cal
35、culate a maturity ratio and fibre linear density or a percentage of mature fibres using appropriate formulae. The micronaire value is determined solely from the PL value. 5 Apparatus and materials 5.1 Balance, of sufficient capacity to weigh the test specimen required for the air flow instrument use
36、d, with a sensitivity of better than 0,005 g. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 13:21:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 10306:1995 4 BSI 12-1999 5.2 Air flow instrument (see Annex A) The principal parts comprising the air flow instrument are: 5.2.1 Compression
37、 cylinder, with perforated end, of such dimensions that with the specified mass of specimen each cubic centimetre of the cylinder shall contain 0,191 1 g of cotton at low compression and 0,382 1 g of cotton at high compression. 5.2.2 Means of measuring air permeability of the specimen, comprising fo
38、r example: a) a suitable air pump; b) two valves or other means for controlling the flow of air through the specimen or the pressure drop across the specimen in the compression cylinder; c) means for setting the required rate of air flow through the specimen and a gauge for measuring the air pressur
39、e drop across the specimen. NOTE 1Details of certain commercially available instruments which comply with this specification are given in Annex A and Annex B to this International Standard. The method of calibration of air flow instruments is described in Annex B. 5.3 International calibration cotto
40、n standards Reference cotton used for the calibration of air flow instruments is described in B.2.2. 5.4 Specimen preparation apparatus Any blending apparatus is considered suitable if it produces randomly oriented samples. NOTE 2Apparatus that produces webs of predominantly parallel fibres is not s
41、uitable. 6 Atmosphere for conditioning and testing 6.1 Condition test samples in the standard atmosphere for 4 h in moving air or alternatively for 12 h in still air. Preconditioning is not required. 6.2 Weigh and test the specimen in the standard atmosphere for conditioning (see ISO 139:1973). 7 Sa
42、mpling and number of specimens The sampling scheme, the number of specimens to be tested and the number of measurements to be made on each specimen will normally be determined by the material specification or will be agreed between the interested parties. In the absence of any instructions, test at
43、least two specimens, making two tests on each. Samples of raw cotton from bales may be taken according to the method described in ISO 1130:1975. The mass of the test specimens shall be as specified by the manufacturer of the air flow instrument. 8 Procedure 8.1 Before each series of measurements, ma
44、ke the necessary preliminary adjustments appropriate to the instrument in use (see Annex A and Annex B). 8.2 Divide the weighed specimen with the fingers into four to six portions, tease each portion out randomly until about 5 cm to 7 cm in diameter and place each portion successively into the sampl
45、e holder until the entire specimen is loaded. Carefully insert the first portion so as to fill in the bottom edges of the sample holder by pushing it well into the bottom of the sample holder and outwards to the edges. Take care to insert all the specimen and not to lose any of the fibres. Insert th
46、e compression plunger and lock it in its position. Avoid fibres sticking between the cylinder wall and the compression plunger. 8.3 Cause air to flow through the specimen at the appropriate flow rate for the low compression of the plug and after 10 s note the reading, PL, on the pressure scale of th
47、e instrument to an accuracy of 1 mm of the water column. Next cause air to flow through the specimen at the appropriate flow rate for the high compression of the plug and after 10 s note the reading, PH, on the pressure scale of the instrument to the same accuracy of 1 mm of the water column. 8.4 Re
48、move the test specimen from the cylinder and reinsert it, reversing the individual portions, and repeat the procedure given in 8.2 and 8.3. 8.5 Repeat the procedure given in 8.2 to 8.4 on a second test specimen taken from the same sample. If the PL or PH readings of the two successive specimens from
49、 the same sample differ by more than 5 %, it is recommended to examine a new specimen from the same sample and to calculate the average readings for all specimens tested. 9 Calculations and expression of results Average the two readings of each pressure drop, PL and PH, taken for each specimen tested from a sample. Using each pair of average readings, PL and PH, calculate the maturity ratio, M, or the percent maturity, Pm, of each specimen via the appropriate conversion formula (see Annex A). Average the readings of pres