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1、BS ISO 10416:2008 ICS 75.180.10 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BRITISH STANDARD Petroleum and natural gas industries Drilling fluids Laboratory testing Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 20/10/2008 09:45, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI This British Stan
2、dard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2008 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 56193 1 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication DateComments BS ISO 10416:2008 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 10416:2008. It s
3、upersedes BS ISO 10416:2002 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PSE/17/-/3, Drilling and completion fluids and well cements. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publicatio
4、n does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 20/10/2008 09:45, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS
5、 ISO 10416:2008 Reference number ISO 10416:2008(E) ISO 2008 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10416 Second edition 2008-06-01 Petroleum and natural gas industries Drilling fluids Laboratory testing Industries du ptrole et du gaz naturel Fluides de forage Essais en laboratoire Licensed CopyChinese Universit
6、y of Hong Kong, 20/10/2008 09:45, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 10416:2008 ISO 10416:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded
7、 are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Det
8、ails of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem
9、relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
10、 photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published i
11、n Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reserved Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 20/10/2008 09:45, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 10416:2008 ISO 10416:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword. vii Introduction. viii 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and d
12、efinitions .2 4 Symbols and abbreviations3 5 Barite.6 5.1 Principle6 5.2 Reagents and apparatus.6 5.3 Sampling.7 5.4 Calculation of moisture content.7 5.5 Sieve analysis 7 5.6 Sedimentation analysis.8 6 Barite performance12 6.1 Principle12 6.2 Reagents and apparatus.12 6.3 Base drilling fluid prepar
13、ation13 6.4 Rheology test.13 6.5 Calculation14 7 Abrasiveness of weighting materials 14 7.1 Principle14 7.2 Reagents and apparatus.15 7.3 Determination of abrasion15 8 Mercury in drilling fluid barite17 8.1 Principle17 8.2 Reagents and apparatus.17 8.3 Preparation of standards 19 8.4 Sample digestio
14、n.19 8.5 Check for recovery of Hg during digestion.20 8.6 Analysis of standards and samples.20 8.7 Calculation20 9 Cadmium and lead in drilling fluid barite21 9.1 Principle21 9.2 Reagents and apparatus.21 9.3 Preparation of combined cadmium and lead standards .22 9.4 Sample digestion.22 9.5 Analysis
15、 of standards and samples.22 9.6 Calculation23 10 Arsenic in drilling fluid barite.23 10.1 Principle23 10.2 Reagents and apparatus.24 10.3 Preparation of standards 25 10.4 Sample digestion.25 10.5 Analysis of standards and samples.26 10.6 Calculation26 11 Bridging materials for regaining circulation
16、.26 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 20/10/2008 09:45, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 10416:2008 ISO 10416:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reserved 11.1 Principle.26 11.2 Apparatus.27 11.3 Preparation of test drilling fluid.27 11.4 Static slot test27 11.5 Dynamic slot test 28 11.6 Sta
17、tic marble bed test.28 11.7 Dynamic marble bed test28 11.8 Static ball bearings (BB shot) bed test.29 11.9 Dynamic ball bearings (BB shot) bed test29 12 Filtration-control agents.29 12.1 Principle.29 12.2 Reagents and apparatus 29 12.3 General instructions for preparation of base drilling fluids.31
18、12.4 Salt-saturated drilling fluid.31 12.5 High-hardness, salt-saturated drilling fluid32 12.6 10 % potassium chloride (KCl) drilling fluid.32 12.7 Pre-hydrated bentonite slurry33 12.8 Modified seawater drilling fluid .33 12.9 Low-salinity drilling fluid33 12.10 Lime-treated drilling fluid.34 12.11
19、Low solids, non-dispersed drilling fluid.34 12.12 Freshwater lignosulfonate drilling fluid35 12.13 Initial performance test.35 12.14 Performance after heat ageing 36 13 Methylene blue test for drilled solids and commerical bentonite36 13.1 Methylene blue capacity of drill solids .36 13.2 Methylene b
20、lue capacity of commercial bentonite39 13.3 Solids content40 14 Deflocculation test for thinner evaluation41 14.1 Principle.41 14.2 Reagents and apparatus 42 14.3 Procedure for moisture content 43 14.4 Calculation of moisture content43 14.5 Preparation of drilling fluid base.43 14.6 Calculation.44 1
21、4.7 Determination of rheological properties.44 14.8 Calculation of thinner efficiency46 15 Testing base oils used in drilling fluids46 15.1 General.46 15.2 Reagents and apparatus 46 15.3 Density, relative density (specific gravity), or API gravity-hydrometer method (see ISO 3675)46 15.4 Density and
22、relative density of liquids using a digital density meter (see ASTM D 4052) 47 15.5 Kinematic viscosity of transparent and opaque oils Calibrated capillary tube method (see ISO 3104)47 15.6 Distillation (see ISO 3405) 47 15.7 Aniline point and mixed aniline point (see ISO 2977:1997).48 15.8 Pour poi
23、nt (see ISO 3016).48 15.9 Flash point by Pensky-Martens closed tester (see ISO 2719)49 15.10 Aromatics content (see IP 391 or ASTM D 5186)49 16 Potassium ion content Ion-selective electrode method.50 16.1 Principle.50 16.2 Reagents and apparatus 50 16.3 Preparation of electrodes.51 16.4 Operational
24、check of electrode system51 16.5 Measurements using a meter with direct concentration readout capability 52 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 20/10/2008 09:45, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 10416:2008 ISO 10416:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved v 16.6 Measurements with instruments
25、 that provide either a digital or an analogue readout in millivolts .52 17 Calcium ion content Ion-selective electrode method53 17.1 Principle53 17.2 Reagents and apparatus.53 17.3 Preparation of electrodes .54 17.4 Operational check of electrode system.55 17.5 Measurements using a meter with direct
26、 concentration readout capability.55 17.6 Measurements with instruments that provide either a digital or an analogue readout in millivolts .55 18 Sodium ion content Ion-selective electrode method 56 18.1 Principle56 18.2 Reagents and apparatus.57 18.3 Preparation and operational check of the electro
27、de system 57 18.4 Measurements using a meter with a direct concentration-readout capability58 18.5 Measurements using a meter with readout in millivolts58 19 Density of solids Stereopycnometer method.59 19.1 Principle59 19.2 Apparatus .59 19.3 Procedure Stereopycnometer method59 19.4 Calculation Ste
28、reopycnometer method60 20 Density of solids Air comparison pycnometer method 61 20.1 Principle61 20.2 Apparatus .61 20.3 Procedure Air comparison pycnometer method .61 20.4 Calculation Air comparison pycnometer method61 21 Ageing of water-based drilling fluids.62 21.1 Principle62 21.2 Practices comm
29、on to preparation, handling and testing over all temperature ranges62 21.3 Drilling fluid sample preparation and ageing at ambient temperature 63 21.4 Drilling fluid ageing at moderate temperatures ambient to 65 C (150 F)64 21.5 Drilling fluid ageing at substantially elevated temperatures over 65 C
30、(150 F).66 21.6 Inertness and chemical compatibility in high-temperature ageing cells.68 21.7 Obtaining supplies and services for the ageing of drilling fluid samples.69 22 Ageing of oil-based drilling fluids69 22.1 Principle69 22.2 Apparatus .70 22.3 Practices common to preparation, handling and te
31、sting over all temperature ranges71 22.4 Drilling fluid ageing at ambient temperatures 72 22.5 Drilling fluid ageing at moderate temperatures ambient to 65 C (150 F)73 22.6 Drilling fluid ageing at substantially elevated temperatures over 65 C (150 F).74 22.7 Inertness and chemical compatibility in
32、high-temperature ageing cells.75 22.8 Obtaining supplies and services for the ageing of drilling fluid samples.76 23 Shale-particle disintegration test by hot rolling.76 23.1 Principle76 23.2 Reagents and apparatus.77 23.3 Procedure .77 23.4 Calculation78 24 Drilling fluid materials High-viscosity p
33、olyanionic cellulose (PAC-HV) (regular)79 24.1 Principle79 24.2 Determination of moisture content79 24.3 Procedures with test fluid containing PAC-HV.80 25 Drilling fluid materials Low-viscosity polyanionic cellulose (PAC-LV).82 25.1 Principle82 25.2 Determination of moisture content83 Licensed Copy
34、Chinese University of Hong Kong, 20/10/2008 09:45, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 10416:2008 ISO 10416:2008(E) vi ISO 2008 All rights reserved 25.3 Procedures with test fluid containing PAC-LV 83 26 Preparation and evaluation of invert-emulsion drilling fluids86 26.1 Principle.86 26.2 Reagents an
35、d apparatus 86 26.3 Mixing of the initial drilling fluid87 26.4 Testing the properties of the initial drilling fluid .88 26.5 Preparation of the sample contaminated by seawater88 26.6 Preparation of the sample contaminated by base evaluation clay89 26.7 Preparation of the sample contaminated by mixe
36、d-salt brine .89 26.8 Procedure for hot-rolling89 26.9 Procedure for static ageing89 26.10 Procedure for testing after heat ageing90 27 High-temperature/high-pressure filtration testing of drilling fluids using the permeability plugging apparatus and cells with set-screw-secured end caps.90 27.1 Pri
37、nciple.90 27.2 Safety considerations.90 27.3 Apparatus Permeability-plugging apparatus (PPA) with set-screw-secured end caps92 27.4 Procedure for high-temperature/high-pressure (HTHP) filtration94 27.5 Test conclusion and disassembly.97 27.6 Data reporting99 28 High-temperature/high-pressure filtrat
38、ion testing of drilling fluids using the permeability- plugging apparatus and cells with threaded end caps.100 28.1 Principle.100 28.2 Safety considerations.100 28.3 Apparatus Permeability-plugging apparatus (PPA) with threaded end caps 102 28.4 Procedure for high-temperature/high-pressure (HTHP) fi
39、ltration104 28.5 Test conclusion and disassembly.106 28.6 Data reporting108 Bibliography .109 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 20/10/2008 09:45, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 10416:2008 ISO 10416:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved vii Foreword ISO (the International Organization f
40、or Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has th
41、e right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Internat
42、ional Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication
43、 as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
44、 ISO 10416 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, Subcommittee SC 3, Drilling and completion fluids, and well cements. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 10416:2
45、002), which has been technically revised. Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 20/10/2008 09:45, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 10416:2008 ISO 10416:2008(E) viii ISO 2008 All rights reserved Introduction This International Standard, which establishes testing methodologies for drilling fl
46、uid materials, is based on API RP 13I, seventh edition/ISO 10416:2002 2. This International Standard was developed in response to a demand for more exacting testing methodologies. The tests contained herein were developed over several years by a group of industry experts and were identified as being
47、 those which can yield reproducible and accurate results. The tests are anticipated to be performed in a laboratory setting, but can be applicable in a field situation with more rigorous apparatus and conditions than normally found in a drilling fluid field-test kit. These tests are designed to assi
48、st in the evaluation of certain parameters for drilling fluids, with these properties not necessarily used for the maintenance of a drilling fluid in field use. The tests provide either more precision or different properties than those given in the field-testing standards ISO 10414-1 and ISO 10414-2
49、. It is necessary that users of this International Standard be aware that further or differing requirements can be needed for individual applications. This International Standard is not intended to inhibit a vendor from offering, or the purchaser from accepting, alternative equipment or engineering solutions for the individual application. This may be particularly appropriate where there is innovative or developing technology. Where an alternative is offered, the vendor should identify any varia