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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 61400-12:1998 IEC 61400-12: 1998 Wind turbine generator systems Part 12: Wind turbine power performance testing The European Standard EN 61400-12:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 27.180 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 09 14:16:01 GMT+00:00 2006
2、, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 61400-12:1998 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Electrotechnical Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 September 1998 BSI 05-1999 ISBN 0 580 30183 4 National foreword
3、This British Standard is the English language version of EN 61400-12:1998. It was derived by CENELEC from IEC 61400-12:1998. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PEL/88, Wind turbine generator systems, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understa
4、nd the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on thi
5、s committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. From 1 January 1997, all IEC publications have the number 60000 added to the old number. For instance, IEC 27-1 has been renumbered as IEC 60027-1. For a period of time during the change over from one numbering system to the other, publication
6、s may contain identifiers from both systems. Cross-references Attention is drawn to the fact that CEN and CENELEC standards normally include an annex which lists normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications. The British Standards which implement i
7、nternational or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to
8、include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, p
9、ages i and ii, the EN title page, pages 2 to 34, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.D
10、ateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 09 14:16:01 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 61400-12:1998 BSI 05-1999i Contents Page National forewordInside front cover Foreword2 Text of EN 61400-123 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 09 14:16:01 GMT
11、+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 09 14:16:01 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 61400-12 April 1998 ICS 27.180 English version Wind turbine generator systems Part 12: Wind
12、 turbines power performance testing (IEC 61400-12:1998) Arognrateurs Partie 12: Techniques de mesure des performances de puissance (CEI 61400-12:1998) Windenergieanlagen Teil 12: Meverfahren zur Bestimmung des Leistungsverhaltens bei Windenergieanlagen (IEC 61400-12:1998) This European Standard was
13、approved by CENELEC on 1998-04-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such
14、national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own lan
15、guage and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,
16、 Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CENELEC All rights of exploit
17、ation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 61400-12:1998 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 09 14:16:01 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 61400-12:1998 BSI 05-1999 2 Foreword The text of document 88/85/FDIS, future edition 1
18、of IEC 61400-12, prepared by IEC TC 88, Wind turbine systems, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 61400-12 on 1998-04-01. The following dates were fixed: Annexes designated “normative” are part of the body of the standard. Annexes designated “informative”
19、 are given for information only. In this standard, Annex A, Annex C and Annex ZA are normative and Annex B, Annex D and Annex E are informative. Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 61400-12:1998 was approved by CENELEC as a European Stand
20、ard without any modification. In the official version, for Annex E, Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated: IEC 61400-1 NOTEHarmonized as ENV 61400-1:1995 (not modified). IEC 61400-2 NOTEHarmonized as EN 61400-2:1996 (not modified). Contents Page Foreword2 Int
21、roduction3 1General3 1.1Scope3 1.2 Normative references3 1.3Definitions4 1.4Symbols and units6 1.5Abbreviations7 2Test conditions7 2.1Wind turbine generator system7 Page 2.2Test site7 3Test equipment9 3.1Electric power9 3.2Wind speed9 3.3Wind direction10 3.4Air density10 3.5Precipitation10 3.6Wind t
22、urbine generator system status10 3.7Data acquisition system10 4Measurement procedure10 4.1Introduction10 4.2Wind turbine generator system operation11 4.3Data collection11 4.4Data selection11 4.5Data correction12 4.6Database12 5Derived results12 5.1Data normalization12 5.2Determination of measured po
23、wer curve13 5.3Annual energy production (AEP)13 5.4Power coefficient14 6Reporting format15 Annex A (normative) Assessment of test site19 Annex B (informative) Calibration of test site22 Annex C (normative) Evaluation of uncertainty in measurement22 Annex D (informative) Theoretical basis for determi
24、ning the uncertainty of measurement using the method of bins23 Annex E (informative) BibliographyInside back cover Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publicationsInside back cover Figure 1 Requirements as to distance of the meteo
25、rological mast and maximum allowed measurement sectors8 Figure 2 Presentation of example data: power performance test scatter plots16 Figure 3 Presentation of example measured power curve17 Table 1 Example of presentation of a measured power curve17 Table 2 Example of presentation of estimated annua
26、l energy production18 latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement(dop) 1999-01-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn(dow) 2001-01-01 Licensed Copy: sheffie
27、ldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 09 14:16:01 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 61400-12:1998 BSI 05-19993 Introduction The purpose of this part of IEC 61400 is to provide a uniform methodology that will ensure consistency and accuracy in the measurement and analysis of power performance by
28、wind turbine generator systems (WTGS). The standard has been prepared with the anticipation that it would be applied by: the WTGS manufacturer striving to meet well-defined power performance requirements and/or a possible declaration system; the WTGS purchaser in specifying such performance requirem
29、ents; the WTGS operator who may be required to verify that stated, or required, power performance specifications are met for new or refurbished units; the WTGS planner or regulator who must be able to accurately and fairly define power performance characteristics of WTGS in response to regulations o
30、r permit requirements for new or modified installations. This standard provides guidance in the measurement, analysis, and reporting of power performance testing for wind turbine generator systems (WTGS). The standard will benefit those parties involved in the manufacture, installation planning and
31、permitting, operation, utilization, and regulation of WTGS. The technically accurate measurement and analysis techniques recommended in this document should be applied by all parties to ensure that continuing development and operation of WTGS is carried out in an atmosphere of consistent and accurat
32、e communication relative to environmental concerns. This standard presents measurement and reporting procedures expected to provide accurate results that can be replicated by others. However, readers should be warned that the site calibration procedure is quite new. As yet there is no substantial ev
33、idence that it can provide accurate results for all sites, especially sites in complex terrain. Part of the procedure is based on applying uncertainty calculations on the measurements. In complex terrain situations it is not adequate to state that results are accurate since uncertainties might be 10
34、 % to 15 % in standard deviation. A new measurement standard, accounting for these problems, will be developed in future. 1 General 1.1 Scope This part of IEC 61400 specifies a procedure for measuring the power performance characteristics of a single wind turbine generator system (WTGS) and applies
35、to the testing of WTGS of all types and sizes connected to the electrical power network. It is applicable for the determination of both the absolute power performance characteristics of a WTGS and of differences between the power performance characteristics of various WTGS configurations. The WTGS p
36、ower performance characteristics are determined by the measured power curve and the estimated annual energy production (AEP). The measured power curve is determined by collecting simultaneous measurements of wind speed and power output at the test site for a period that is long enough to establish a
37、 statistically significant database over a range of wind speeds and under varying wind conditions. The AEP is calculated by applying the measured power curve to reference wind speed frequency distributions, assuming 100 % availability. The standard describes a measurement methodology that requires t
38、he measured power curve and derived energy production figures to be supplemented by an assessment of uncertainty sources and their combined effects. 1.2 Normative references The following normative documents, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of IEC 61400. At the tim
39、e of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of IEC 61400 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO
40、maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IEC 60044-1:1996, Instrument transformers Part 1: Current transformers. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 09 14:16:01 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 61400-12:1998 4 BSI 05-1999 IEC 60186:1987, Voltage tra
41、nsformers. Amendment 1 (1988). Amendment 2 (1995). IEC 60688:1992, Electrical measuring transducers for converting a.c. electrical quantities to analogue or digital signals. ISO 2533:1975, Standard atmosphere. Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement, ISO information publications, 1995,
42、 110 p. ISBN 92-67-10188-9 1.3 Definitions For the purposes of this part of IEC 61400, the following definitions apply. 1.3.1 accuracy closeness of the agreement between the result of a measurement and a true value of the measurand 1.3.2 annual energy production estimate of the total energy producti
43、on of a WTGS during a one-year period by applying the measured power curve to different reference wind speed frequency distributions at hub height, assuming 100 % availability 1.3.3 availability ratio of the total number of hours during a certain period, excluding the number of hours that the WTGS c
44、ould not be operated due to maintenance or fault situations, to the total number of hours in the period, expressed as a percentage 1.3.4 complex terrain terrain surrounding the test site that features significant variations in topography and terrain obstacles that may cause flow distortion 1.3.5 dat
45、a set collection of data that was sampled over a continuous period 1.3.6 distance constant indication of the response time of an anemometer, defined as the length of air that must pass the instrument for it to indicate 63 % of the final value for a step input in wind speed 1.3.7 extrapolated power c
46、urve extension of the measured power curve by estimating power output from the maximum measured wind speed to cut-out wind speed 1.3.8 flow distortion change in air flow caused by obstacles, topographical variations, or other wind turbines that results in a deviation of the measured wind speed from
47、the free stream wind speed and in a significant uncertainty 1.3.9 free stream wind speed speed of the undisturbed natural air flow, usually at hub height 1.3.10 hub height (wind turbines) height of the center of the swept area of the wind turbine rotor above the terrain surface Licensed Copy: sheffi
48、eldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Nov 09 14:16:01 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 61400-12:1998 BSI 05-19995 NOTEFor a vertical axis wind turbine the hub height is the height of the equator plane. 1.3.11 measured power curve table and graph that represents the measured, corrected and normaliz
49、ed net power output of a WTGS as a function of measured wind speed, measured under a well-defined measurement procedure 1.3.12 measurement period period during which a statistically significant database has been collected for the power performance test 1.3.13 measurement sector a sector of wind directions from which data are selected for the measured power curve 1.3.14 method of bins data reduction procedure that groups test data for a certain parameter into wind speed intervals (bins) NOTEFor each bin, the number of data sets or sample