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1、BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 ICS 03.100.30; 35.240.99 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BRITISH STANDARD Information technology Individualized adaptability and accessibility in e- learning, education and training Part 1: Framework and reference model Licensed Copy: Lo
2、ndon South Bank University, South Bank University, 31/01/2009 03:06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 56060 6 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication DateComments BS
3、ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/43, Information technology for learning, education and training. A list of organizations represented on this
4、 committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. December 2008 Licensed
5、 Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 31/01/2009 03:06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 Reference number Numro de rfrence ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008(E/F) ISO/IEC 2008 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO/IEC
6、24751-1 First edition Premire dition 2008-10-01 Information technology Individualized adaptability and accessibility in e-learning, education and training Part 1: Framework and reference model Technologies de linformation Adaptabilit et accessibilit individualises en e-apprentissage, en ducation et
7、en formation Partie 1: Cadre et modle de rfrence Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 31/01/2009 03:06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008(E/F) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain e
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14、ns le cas peu probable o surviendrait un problme dutilisation, veuillez en informer le Secrtariat central ladresse donne ci-dessous. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT DOCUMENT PROTG PAR COPYRIGHT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or ut
15、ilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. / Droits de reproduction rservs. Sauf prescription diffrente, aucune partie de c
16、ette publication ne peut tre reproduite ni utilise sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procd, lectronique ou mcanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans laccord crit de lISO ladresse ci-aprs ou du comit membre de lISO dans le pays du demandeur. ISO copyright office Case postale
17、 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland/Publi en Suisse ii ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 31/01/2009 03:06, Uncontrolle
18、d Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008(E/F) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs iii Contents Page Foreword. v Introduction vii 1 Scope 1 1.1 Statement of Scope .1 1.2 Exclusions2 1.2.1 The creation of accessible cont
19、ent2 1.2.2 Person: organization and public administration2 1.3 Aspects not currently addressed.2 2 Terms and definitions .3 3 Symbols and abbreviations8 4 Basic principles .9 4.1 Two types of parts in this multi-part standard .9 4.2 Extending the standard.12 4.3 Disability and accessibility.12 4.4 T
20、he importance of interoperability and consistent implementation13 5 Abstract model.14 6 Multilinguality.19 7 Conformance19 Annex A (normative) Consolidated list of terms: in French alphabetical order.20 Annex B (informative) Alternative access terms22 Annex C (informative) Accessibility policies and
21、 legislation .31 Annex D (informative) List of contributors.32 Bibliography33 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 31/01/2009 03:06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008(E/F) iv ISO/IEC 20
22、08 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs Sommaire Page Avant-propos.vi Introduction .viii 1 Domaine dapplication1 1.1 nonc du domaine dapplication.1 1.2 Exclusions .2 1.2.1 La cration de contenu accessible .2 1.2.2 Personne: organisation et administration publique2 1.3 Autres aspects non couverts a
23、ctuellement2 2 Termes et dfinitions3 3 Symboles et abrviations.8 4 Principes de base9 4.1 Deux types de parties dans la norme multiparties9 4.2 Extension de la norme12 4.3 Dficience et accessibilit12 4.4 Importance de linteroprabilit et de lapplication cohrente.13 5 Modle abstrait14 6 Multilinguisme
24、.19 7 Conformit.19 Annexe A (normative) Liste de termes consolide: dans lordre alphabtique franais20 Annexe B (informative) Termes daccs alternatifs 22 Annexe C (informative) Politiques et lgislation en matire daccessibilit 31 Annexe D (informative) Liste des contributeurs32 Bibliographie 33 License
25、d Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 31/01/2009 03:06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008(E/F) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs v Foreword ISO (the International Organization
26、 for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective
27、 organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information te
28、chnology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Stand
29、ards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the s
30、ubject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 24751-1 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 36, Information technology for learning, education, and training. ISO/IEC
31、 24751 is derived from the IMS GLC Learner Information Package Accessibility for LIP Specification and the IMS AccessForAll Meta-data Specification. See . ISO/IEC 24751 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Individualized adaptability and accessibility in e-
32、learning, education and training: Part 1: Framework and reference model Part 2: “Access for all” personal needs and preferences for digital delivery Part 3: “Access for all” digital resource description Future parts will address non-digital resource description, personal needs and preferences for no
33、n-digital resources, personal needs and preferences for description of events and places, description of events and places, and language accessibility and human interface equivalencies (HIEs) in e-learning applications. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 31/01/2009 0
34、3:06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008(E/F) vi ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs Avant-propos LISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) et la CEI (Commission lectrotechnique international
35、e) forment le systme spcialis de la normalisation mondiale. Les organismes nationaux membres de lISO ou de la CEI participent au dveloppement de Normes internationales par lintermdiaire des comits techniques crs par lorganisation concerne afin de soccuper des domaines particuliers de lactivit techni
36、que. Les comits techniques de lISO et de la CEI collaborent dans des domaines dintrt commun. Dautres organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec lISO et la CEI participent galement aux travaux. Dans le domaine des technologies de linformation, lISO et la
37、CEI ont cr un comit technique mixte, lISO/CEI JTC 1. Les Normes internationales sont rdiges conformment aux rgles donnes dans les Directives ISO/CEI, Partie 2. La tche principale du comit technique mixte est dlaborer les Normes internationales. Les projets de Normes internationales adopts par le com
38、it technique mixte sont soumis aux organismes nationaux pour vote. Leur publication comme Normes internationales requiert lapprobation de 75 % au moins des organismes nationaux votants. Lattention est appele sur le fait que certains des lments du prsent document peuvent faire lobjet de droits de pro
39、prit intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. LISO et la CEI ne sauraient tre tenues pour responsables de ne pas avoir identifi de tels droits de proprit et averti de leur existence. LISO/CEI 24751-1 a t labore par le comit technique mixte ISO/CEI JTC 1, Technologies de linformation, sous-comit SC 36,
40、 Technologies pour lducation, la formation et lapprentissage. LISO/CEI 24751 est drive de IMS GLC Learner Information Package Accessibility for LIP Specification et de IMS AccessForAll Meta-data Specification. Voir . LISO/CEI 24751 comprend les parties suivantes, prsentes sous le titre gnral Technol
41、ogies de linformation Adaptabilit et accessibilit individualises en e-apprentissage, en ducation et en formation: Partie 1: Cadre et modle de rfrence Partie 2: Besoins personnels en matire daccs pour tous et prfrences de prestation numrique Partie 3: Description des ressources numriques relatives la
42、ccs pour tous Des parties futures concerneront la description des ressources non numriques, les besoins et prfrences personnelles pour les ressources non numriques, les besoins et prfrences personnelles pour la description des vnements et des lieux, la description des vnements et des lieux, et lacce
43、ssibilit linguistique et les quivalences dinterface humaine (EIH) dans les applications de-apprentissage. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 31/01/2009 03:06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008BS ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 ISO/IEC 247
44、51-1:2008(E/F) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs vii Introduction ISO/IEC 24751 is intended to facilitate the matching of individual user needs and preferences with educational digital resources that meet those needs and preferences. It is intended to address mismatches between per
45、sonal needs and preferences caused by any number of circumstances, including requirements related to client devices, environments, language proficiency or abilities. The terms and definitions within ISO/IEC 24751 are not judgmental but functional; the purpose is not to point out flaws in educational
46、 digital resources with respect to accessibility and adaptability, but to facilitate the discovery and use of the most appropriate content components for each user. In ISO/IEC 24751, it is recognized that learners experience a disability when there is a mismatch between the learners needs (or prefer
47、ences) and the education or learning experience delivered. Disability is therefore not viewed as a personal trait but as a consequence of the relationship between a learner and a learning environment or resource delivery system. An individual who is blind is not disabled when the lesson is delivered
48、 in audio, but an individual who does not have the necessary background knowledge to understand the lesson, or an individual who is listening to the lesson in a noisy environment, is disabled. Given this reframing, a learning environment is accessible when learner needs can be addressed or matched (through adaptation, re-aggregation or substitution of digital learning resources). Accessibility is determined by the flexibility of the learning environment (with respect to presentation, control methods, structure, access mode, and learner supports, for example) and the availability