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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 6198:1993 Implementation of ISO 6198:1993 Micrographics Readers for transparent microforms Performance characteristics UDC 778.148 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:29:39 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 6198:1993 This British Standard
2、, having been prepared under the direction of the Information and Documentation Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 February 1994 BSI 11-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee refer
3、ence DOT/16 Draft for comment 91/69219 DC ISBN 0 580 22983 1 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Information and Documentation Standards Policy Committee (DOT/-) to Technical Committee DOT/16, upon which the following bodies
4、were represented: British Computer Society British Library British Office Technology Manufacturers Alliance British Photographic Association Cranfield Imaging and Document Management User Group Her Majestys Stationery Office Kodak Limited Library Association London Borough of Bromley National Centre
5、 for Information Media and Technology (Cimtech) Ordnance Survey United Kingdom Association for Information and Image Management The following body was also presented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: Association of Photographic Technicians Amendments issued since pub
6、lication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:29:39 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 6198:1993 BSI 11-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover National forewordii Forewordiii Text of ISO 61981 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun s
7、heffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:29:39 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 6198:1993 ii BSI 11-1999 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 6198:1993 and implements it as the UK national standard. This British Standard is published under the direction of the Inform
8、ation and Documentation Standards Policy Committee whose Technical Committee DOT/16 has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international committee any enquiries on interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor re
9、lated international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. NOTEInternational and European Standards, as well as overseas standards, are available from Customer Services, Publications, BSI, Linford Wood, Milton Keynes, MK14 6LE. A British Standard does not purport to include all the
10、 necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,
11、the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na,
12、Sun Nov 26 12:29:39 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:29:39 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 6198:1993(E) ii BSI 11-1999 Contents Page Forewordiii 1Scope1 2Normative references1 3Definitions1 4Measurable characteristics
13、1 5Additional required characteristics4 6Optional characteristics6 Annex A (informative) Screen illuminance Field method for measuringInside back cover Figure 1 Measurement area of reader screen3 Table 1 Minimum sized ISO microtest chart No. 1 characters to be resolved in the screen image (values ba
14、sed upon prepared microtest chart)2 Table 2 Minimum sized ISO microtest chart No. 2 pattern to be resolved in the screen image (values based upon specifically made microtest charts which may require calculations to give true values)2 Table 3 Temperature of different parts of the reader4 Descriptors:
15、 Micrographics, micrographic equipment, microform readers, specifications, performance evaluation. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:29:39 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 6198:1993(E) BSI 11-1999iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardizati
16、on) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be re
17、presented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Stan
18、dards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 6198 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 171, Micrographics and
19、 optical memories for document and image recording, storage and use. Annex A of this International Standard is for information only. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:29:39 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov
20、 26 12:29:39 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 6198:1993(E) BSI 11-19991 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the essential performance characteristics of readers with magnification less than or equal to 50 : 1 designed for use with black-and-white roll microfilm and strips tha
21、t have a maximum width of 35 mm. It also specifies the performance of readers for microfilm, microfiche, jackets containing microforms, and image cards. It is not applicable to reader-printers or to devices such as pocket readers. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions whi
22、ch, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility
23、 of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 446:1991, Micrographics ISO character and ISO test chart No. 1 Description and use. ISO 3272-3:1975, Microcopying of technical drawings an
24、d other drawing office documents Part 3: Unitized 35 mm microfilm carriers. ISO 3334:1989, Micrographics ISO resolution test chart No. 2 Description and use. ISO 6196-1:1993, Micrographics Vocabulary Part 01: General terms. ISO 6196-2:1993, Micrographics Vocabulary Part 02: Image positions and metho
25、ds of recording. ISO 6196-3:1983, Micrographics Vocabulary Part 03: Film processing. ISO 6196-4:1987, Micrographics Vocabulary Part 04: Materials and packaging. ISO 6196-5:1987, Micrographics Vocabulary Part 05: Quality of images, legibility, inspection. ISO 6196-6:1992, Micrographics Vocabulary Par
26、t 06: Equipment. ISO 6199:1991, Micrographics Microfilming of documents on 16 mm and 35 mm silver-gelatin type microfilm Operating procedures. ISO 7565:1993, Micrographics Readers for transparent microforms Measurement of characteristics. ISO 7779:1988, Acoustics Measurement of airborne noise emitte
27、d by computer and business equipment. ISO 9878:1990, Micrographics Graphical symbols for use in microfilming. ISO 9923:, Micrographics Transparent A6 microfiche image arrangements1). IEC 417:1987, Graphical symbols for use on equipment. Index, survey and compilation of the single sheets Eighth suppl
28、ement. IEC 950:1991, Safety of information technology equipment, including electrical business equipment. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the definitions given in ISO 6196 apply. 4 Measurable characteristics To comply with this International Standard, a reader shall co
29、nform to the following requirements. 4.1 Magnification Measure the magnification in accordance with ISO 7565. The actual magnification shall be within 5 % of the manufacturers stated magnification. 4.2 Image quality 4.2.1 Resolution When the image of the microtest chart is positioned on the screen a
30、nd with the reader at best focus2), the minimum sized characters or test patterns as shown in Table 1 or Table 2 for the specified magnification shall be resolved at all points within the measurement area of the screen (see Figure 1). The resolution test is made with either of the two microtest char
31、ts (ISO No. 1 or ISO No. 2). The test image used shall be capable of resolving at least four patterns higher than specified in Table 2 for the appropriate magnification. For readers having a magnification between the values listed in Table 1 or Table 2, the character or pattern to be resolved shall
32、be that of the closest to the listed nominal magnification. The methods of reading the character or pattern resolved are described in ISO 446 and ISO 3334. 1) To be published. 2) The best focus is the setting of the focusing control which is judged to produce the best overall level of screen image r
33、esolution within the measurement area. This setting is found experimentally and will usually be somewhere between the setting which produces the highest resolution at the centre of the screen and the settings which produce the highest resolution at the corners. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun
34、, na, Sun Nov 26 12:29:39 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 6198:1993(E) 2 BSI 11-1999 4.2.2 Geometric distortion When the image of a straight line is projected onto any part of the measurement area (see Figure 1) of a flat reader screen, the projected image shall be compared to a strai
35、ghtedge held next to the projected line. When measured in accordance with ISO 7565, the pincushion or barrel distortion shall not exceed 0,5 % and the keystone or skew distortion shall not exceed 2 %. Less distortion may be required for technical drawing applications, whereas more distortion may be
36、allowable for some office applications. Under these circumstances, the allowable distortion shall be agreed between manufacturer and purchaser. Table 1 Minimum sized ISO microtest chart No. 1 characters to be resolved in the screen image (values based upon prepared microtest chart) Table 2 Minimum s
37、ized ISO microtest chart No. 2 pattern to be resolved in the screen image (values based upon specifically made microtest charts which may require calculations to give true values) 4.3 Screen luminance and contrast 4.3.1 Screen luminance 4.3.1.1 Procedure Measure screen luminance in accordance with I
38、SO 7565. The procedure outlined gives values of luminance that would be seen by a user when in the normal viewing position (see ISO 7565, Annex A). 4.3.1.2 Requirements At any point within the measurement area of the screen (see Figure 1), the luminance shall not be less than 35 cd/m2. The minimum l
39、uminance at the centre of the screen shall not be less than 140 cd/m2. 4.3.1.2.1 Rear projection readers The relationship in luminance between the maximum value and the minimum value shall not exceed a ratio of 10, except for those readers with very large screens, i.e. having a diagonal greater than
40、 540 mm where the ratio shall not exceed 15. 4.3.1.2.2 Front projection readers The relationship in luminance between the maximum value and the minimum value shall not exceed a ratio of 5. 4.3.2 Screen contrast 4.3.2.1 Procedure Measure screen contrast in accordance with ISO 7565. 4.3.2.2 Requiremen
41、ts The screen contrast expressed as a luminance ratio shall be a minimum of 10. In general, a higher screen contrast is preferred. 4.4 Safety 4.4.1 Stability of reader Readers that are designed to stand on a flat and horizontal surface such as a desk, table or floor shall not tip over when tested in
42、 accordance with the method described in IEC 950. 4.4.2 Temperature 4.4.2.1 Film temperature in the film gate Film gate temperatures shall be measured in accordance with ISO 7565. The temperature of the film in the film gate shall not exceed 70 C when measured after 60 min of continuous operation wi
43、th the reader in focus and the lamp operating at the highest brightness setting permitted by the reader. Nominal magnification Character of ISO No. 1 microtest chart to be read 10/1 15/1 20/1 25/1 30/1 35/1 40/1 45/1 50/1 125 112 100 90 80 71a 63a 56a 50a a The difficulty in obtaining such fine char
44、acters on the microtest chart can make the measurements incorrect. Nominal magnification Pattern of ISO No. 2 microtest chart to be read line pairs/mm 10/1 15/1 20/1 25/1 30/1 35/1 40/1 45/1 50/1 6,3 4,5 4,0 3,6 3,2 3,2 2,8a 2,5a 2,5a NOTECalculations involving the reduction used to make the microte
45、st chart may be necessary to determine the actual resolution specified in Table 2. a The difficulty in obtaining such fine characters on the microtest chart can make the measurements incorrect. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:29:39 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
46、 ISO 6198:1993(E) BSI 11-19993 4.4.2.2 Temperature of reader Temperatures of the exposed surfaces of a reader shall be measured in accordance with IEC 950. The temperature of reader surfaces shall not exceed the values given after the reader has been operated in an area with an ambient temperature o
47、f 23 C 2 C for 1 h. The voltage used shall be equal to 1,06 times the highest rated voltage (if it is known) or 1,06 times the average voltage of the stated voltage range. 4.4.3 Fire hazard Readers shall be constructed in accordance with the appropriate requirements of IEC 950. Resistance to spread
48、of flames and nonemission of toxic fumes are particularly important. 4.5 Noise Airborne noise emitted by readers shall be measured while the reader is operated at its rated voltage under two operating modes: during normal viewing conditions; during microform changing or transport such as rewinding r
49、oll film, changing cartridges or microfiche in the carrier. The airborne noise shall be measured in accordance with ISO 7779. The A-weighted sound power level obtained by using the procedures specified in ISO 7779 shall be used for comparison of the airborne noise emitted by different readers. Sound power level data may be supplemented by the A-weighted sound pressure level measured at the operators position(s) or bystanders position(s) as defined in ISO 7779. For each mode of operation,