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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 10160:1997 Information and documentation Open systems interconnection Interlibrary loan application service definition ICS 35.240.30 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:19:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 10160:1997 This British Stand
2、ard, having been prepared under the direction of the DISC Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 October 1997 BSI 03-2000 ISBN 0 580 28712 2 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 10160:1997 and implements it as the UK nat
3、ional standard. It supersedes BS ISO 10160:1993 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee IDT/2, Information and Documentation, to Subcommittee IDT/2/7, Mechanized Information, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the tex
4、t; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommi
5、ttee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by us
6、ing the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunit
7、y from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the ISO title page, pages ii to vi, pages 1 to 62 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indi
8、cated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:19:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 10160:1997 BSI 03-2000i Contents Page National forewordInside front cover
9、 Forewordv Text of ISO 101601 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:19:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:19:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat
10、 Nov 25 13:19:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 10160:1997 ii BSI 03-2000 Contents Page Forewordv Introduction1 1Scope2 2Normative references2 3Definitions3 3.1Reference Model Definitions3 3.2Application Layer Structure Definitions3 3.3Service conventions Definitions3 3.4ILL Defin
11、itions4 4Abbreviations5 5Conventions5 6Service model5 6.1Service-user and Service-provider5 6.1.1Roles of the Service-user5 6.2ILL-transaction6 6.3ILL-transaction Types and Topologies6 6.3.1Simple ILL-transaction6 6.3.2Chained ILL-transaction6 6.3.3Partitioned ILL-transaction7 6.3.4Distinct ILL-tran
12、sactions8 6.3.5Forwarding10 6.3.6Referrals10 6.3.7Retries10 6.4ILL-Transaction State10 6.4.1Requester-State16 6.4.2Responder State16 6.4.3Terminal States17 6.4.4Intermediary States18 6.4.5ILL-transaction Phases18 7Definition of services18 7.1Service Features18 7.1.1General18 7.1.2ILL Request18 7.1.3
13、Request Forwarding18 7.1.4Forwarding Notification19 7.1.5Shipment19 7.1.6ILL Answer19 7.1.7Conditional Reply19 7.1.8Cancellation19 7.1.9Cancellation Reply19 7.1.10Receipt19 7.1.11Recall19 7.1.12Return19 7.1.13Check-in19 7.1.14Overdue19 7.1.15Renewal19 7.1.16Renew Answer19 7.1.17Lost Notification20 7
14、.1.18Damaged Notification20 7.1.19Message20 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:19:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 10160:1997 BSI 03-2000iii Page 7.1.20Status Query20 7.1.21Status-or-Error Report20 7.1.22Expiry20 7.2Specification Method and Notation20 7.3IL
15、L Services20 7.3.1ILL REQUEST Service22 7.3.2FORWARD Service25 7.3.3FORWARD-NOTIFICATION Service26 7.3.4SHIPPED Service26 7.3.5ILL-ANSWER Service28 7.3.6CONDITIONAL-REPLY Service29 7.3.7CANCEL Service30 7.3.8CANCEL-REPLY Service30 7.3.9RECEIVED Service31 7.3.10RECALL Service31 7.3.11RETURNED Service
16、32 7.3.12CHECKED-IN Service33 7.3.13OVERDUE Service33 7.3.14RENEW Service34 7.3.15RENEW-ANSWER Service34 7.3.16LOST Service35 7.3.17DAMAGED Service35 7.3.18MESSAGE Service36 7.3.19STATUS-QUERY Service36 7.3.20STATUS-OR-ERROR-REPORT Service37 7.3.21EXPIRY Service38 8Sequences of primitives38 8.1Resil
17、iance to Lost and Out-of-Sequence Messages38 8.1.1Lost Messages39 8.1.2Out-of-Sequence Messages39 8.2State Transitions39 8.3Additional Sequencing Rules40 Annex A (informative) Time Sequence Diagrams54 Annex B (informative) ILL Service and Document Delivery61 Annex C (informative) Bibliography62 Figu
18、re 1 Simple Transaction7 Figure 2 Chained Transactions8 Figure 3 Partitioned Transaction9 Figure 4 Mix of Chaining and Partitioning11 Figure 5 Simple Transaction with Forwarding12 Figure 6 Chained Transaction with Forwarding13 Figure 7 Partitioned Transaction with Forwarding14 Figure 8 Transaction R
19、eferrals15 Figure 9 State Transitions for Requester: Returnable Item (In-Sequence Messages Only)41 Figure 10 State Transitions for Responder: Returnable Item (In-Sequence Messages Only)43 Figure 11 State Transitions for Requester: Non-Returnable Item (In-Sequence Messages Only)45 Licensed Copy: shef
20、fieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:19:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 10160:1997 iv BSI 03-2000 Page Figure 12 State Transitions for Responder: Non-Returnable Item (In-Sequence Messages Only)47 Figure 13 State Transitions for Intermediary: Role of Requester (In-Sequence Mess
21、ages Only)49 Figure 14 State Transitions for Intermediary: Role of Responder (In-Sequence Messages Only)51 Figure A.1 Time Sequence Diagram for Loan of Returnable Item (Minimum Number of Interactions No Optional Indications)55 Figure A.2 Time Sequence Diagram for Loan of Returnable Item (Optional In
22、dication Primitives Included)56 Figure A.3 Time Sequence Diagram for an ILL-Transaction with Renewal57 Figure A.4 Time Sequence Diagram for an ILL-Transaction for Supply of a Photocopy58 Figure A.5 Time Sequence Diagram for an ILL-Transaction with Collisions59 Figure A.6 Time Sequence Diagram for a
23、Status_Query60 Table 1 Mapping of Service Features to Services21 Descriptors: Documentation, bibliographies, libraries, computer applications, electronic messaging, bibliographic entries, data processing, information interchange, network interconnection, open systems interconnection, application lay
24、er, services. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:19:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 10160:1997 BSI 03-2000v Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The wo
25、rk of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governm
26、ental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voti
27、ng. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 10160 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 46, Information and documentation, Subcommittee SC 4, Computer applications in information and documentatio
28、n. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 10160:1993), which has been technically revised. Annex A, Annex B and Annex C of this International Standard are for information only. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:19:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy,
29、 (c) BSI vi blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:19:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 10160:1997 BSI 03-20001 Introduction The purpose of the Interlibrary Loan (ILL) standard is to provide a set of Application Layer services which can be used by librarie
30、s to perform loan-related activities in an Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) environment, as defined by ISO 7498. The goal of Opens Systems Interconnection is to allow, with a minimum of technical agreement outside the interconnection standards, the interconnection of information processing systems
31、: from different manufacturers; under different managements; of different levels of complexity; and of different technologies. The ILL service provides capabilities to request the loan of returnable bibliographic items, such as books, or to request non-returnable items, such as photocopies of journa
32、l articles. Related procedures, such as loan renewal, item recall, overdue notification, etc. are also supported by this service. The purpose of the service definition is to define the communications aspects of ILL processing in terms of a set of services provided to a user by an application-service
33、-element (ASE). Performing an ILL-transaction involves a user invoking the services in the prescribed order. The focus of ILL activity is the bibliographic item, which may be a book, periodical, journal article, microform, etc. The ILL application is concerned with procedures relating to the loan of
34、 these items between libraries or to the interchange of copies thereof. This service definition strives to satisfy a number of objectives, including: Control of ILL-transactions. The services must provide a means of controlling the ILL-transaction in terms of constraining allowable actions, exchangi
35、ng information, tracking a borrowed item, and synchronizing the activity of the two or more sites involved in the ILL-transaction. Interworking of Various Systems. The ILL activity will continue to be performed using a combination of manual and automated systems. The ILL service and protocol must re
36、cognize this fact and allow systems with varying degrees of automation to be able to interwork, i.e. communicate with each other in a meaningful way. Minimizing the Costs of ILL-transactions. The costs associated with an ILL-transaction include both operator costs and communications costs. An ILL pr
37、otocol should attempt to minimize the costs incurred by implementations conforming to the protocol. This can be done by minimizing the operator intervention required by the protocol implementation, and by minimizing the number of messages sent between the sites involved in an ILL-transaction. Reflec
38、tion of Current ILL Practices. The purpose in defining a protocol is not to introduce a new method for performing an ILL-transaction, but rather to formalize current practices in a way that allows existing systems to communicate with each other in a standardized way, as well as to allow newer automa
39、ted systems to take full advantage of the protocols potential. However, it is recognized that this International Standard may not be universally applicable to all existing ILL systems without some modification, due to the wide variation in their capabilities. There is an inherent trade off in any at
40、tempt to reconcile these divergent objectives. For example, minimizing ILL-transaction costs may result in some loss of control over the ILL-transaction. Reducing the number of messages sent lowers the telecommunications cost and also lowers the operator costs as there is less need for the operator
41、to initiate and control the communications operations. However, by reducing the total number of messages, some level of information regarding the ILL-transaction is lost as is the coordination between the requesting and responding libraries. By reducing the total number of stages through which a ILL
42、-transaction must go (i.e. states), the operator interface of an automated system can be made simpler, with an associated reduction in requisite demands on the operator. The approach taken in this International Standard is to set the mandatory requirements that all open systems must support in order
43、 to achieve an acceptable degree of coordination between automated parties to an ILL-transaction. Additional optional features are defined which allow implementors to achieve a greater degree of control if it is desired. NOTEThe mandatory requirements of this International Standard may, however, exc
44、eed the capabilities and/or needs of some existing manual or semi-automated ILL systems. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:19:15 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 10160:1997 2 BSI 03-2000 This International Standard is one of a number of related standards supp
45、orting the interconnection of library systems. These standards can be used by themselves or in a cooperative manner to support library applications requiring a mixture of communications services. For example, ISO 10163, which supports remote access to bibliographic databases, could be used in conjun
46、ction with the ILL protocol to obtain item identification information. The control and management of interactions among such bibliographic applications are outside the scope of this International Standard. Security and accounting issues as they relate to ILL operations are for further study. 1 Scope
47、 This International Standard is an Application Layer standard within the Open Systems Interconnection framework defined by ISO 7498. This standard defines the services for Interlibrary Loan. These services are provided by the use of the ILL protocol in conjunction with the supporting telecommunicati
48、ons service which may be a store-and-forward messaging service, such as that provided by the MOTIS Standards, ISO 10021-4 etc.; or a direct connection-mode service using ISO 8822 and ISO 8649. This standard does not specify individual implementations or products, nor does it constrain the implementa
49、tion of entities and interfaces within a computer system. Computer systems may range from stand-alone workstations to mainframes. This standard is intended for use by libraries, information utilities such as union catalogue centres, and any other system which processes bibliographic information. These systems may participate in an interlibrary loan transaction in the role of requester (i.e. an initiator of ILL requests), responder (i.e. a provider of bibliographic material or information) and/or intermediary