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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 6412-1:1995 BS 308-4.6: 1995 Technical drawings Simplified representation of pipelines Part 1: General rules and orthogonal representation The European Standard EN ISO 6412-1:1994 has the status of a British Standard Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 14 0
2、6:19:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 6412-1:1995 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 September 1995 BSI 02-1999 The following BSI
3、references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference TDE/4 Draft announced in BSI News August 1995 ISBN 0 580 23772 9 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee TDE/4, Engineering drawing practice, upo
4、n which the following bodies were represented: Atomic Weapons Establishment British Gas plc British Standards Society Drawing Office Material Manufacturers and Dealers Association Electricity Association Gauge and Tool Makers Association HEVAC Association Institution of Chemical Engineers Institutio
5、n of Engineering Designers Power Generation Contractors Association Society of British Aerospace Companies Ltd. University of Warwick Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 14 06:19:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS
6、 EN ISO 6412-1:1995 BSI 02-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover National forewordii Foreword2 Introduction3 1Scope3 2Normative references3 3Definitions3 4General principles3 5Crossings and connections7 6Representation of equipment7 7Examples9 Annex A (informative) Bibliograph
7、y11 Figure 15 Figure 25 Figure 35 Figure 45 Figure 56 Figure 66 Figure 76 Figure 86 Figure 97 Figure 107 Figure 117 Figure 127 Figure 138 Figure 148 Figure 158 Figure 168 Figure 178 Figure 188 Figure 198 Figure 209 Figure 219 Figure 229 Figure 239 Figure 249 Figure 2510 Table 14 List of referencesIn
8、side back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 14 06:19:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 6412-1:1995 ii BSI 02-1999 National foreword This Part of BS EN 6412 has been prepared by Technical Committee TDE/4 and is the English language version of EN ISO 6412-
9、1:1994 Technical drawings Simplified representation of pipelines Part 1: General rules and orthogonal representation, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). It is identical with ISO 6412-1:1989, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). This Part
10、of BS EN ISO 6412 partially supersedes BS 308-4. It is envisaged that when the full range of European Standards on technical drawing is implemented BS 308 will be withdrawn. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are resp
11、onsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Cross-references Publication referred toCorresponding British Standard BS 308 Engineering drawing practice ISO 128:1982Part 1:1993 Recommendations for general principl
12、es ISO 129:1985Part 2:1985 Recommendations for dimensioning and tolerancing ISO 406:1987Part 2:1985 Recommendations for dimensioning and tolerancing ISO 1219:1976BS 2917 Graphic symbols and circuit diagrams for fluid power systems and components Part 1:1993 Specification for graphical symbols BS 308
13、 Engineering drawing practice ISO 3098-1:1974Part 1:1993 Recommendations for general principles BS 1192 Construction drawing practice ISO 4067-1:1984Part 3:1987 Recommendations for symbols and other graphic conventions ISO 5455:1979BS EN ISO 5455:1995 Technical drawings Scales ISO 6428:1982BS 5536:1
14、988 Recommendations for preparation of technical drawings for microfilming Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN ISO title page, pages 2 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) a
15、nd may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 14 06:19:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 6412-1 October 1994 IC
16、S 01.100.20; 23.040.90 Descriptors: Pipelines, drawings, technical drawings English version Technical drawings Simplified representation of pipelines Part 1: General rules and orthogonal representation (ISO 6412-1:1989) Dessins techniques Reprsentation simplifie des tuyaux et lignes des tuyauteries
17、Partie 1: Rgles gnrales et reprsentation orthogonale (ISO 6412-1:1989) Technische Zeichnungen Vereinfachte Darstellung von Rohrleitungen Teil 1: Allgemeine Regeln und orthogonale Darstellung (ISO 6412-1:1989) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1994-10-14. CEN members are bound to comply w
18、ith the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secreta
19、riat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officia
20、l versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Nor
21、malisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1994 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN ISO 6412-1:1994 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 14 06:19:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 6412-1:1994 BSI 02
22、-1999 2 Foreword This European Standard was taken over by CEN from the work of ISO/TC 10, Technical drawings, product definition and related documentation, of the International Standards Organization (ISO). The Technical Board had decided to submit the final draft for Formal Vote. The result was pos
23、itive. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 1995, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 1995. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulati
24、ons, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov
25、 14 06:19:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 6412-1:1994 BSI 02-19993 Introduction Depending on the information it is intended to convey and the form of representation required, a distinction has to be made between graphical representation by means of orthogonal and that by means o
26、f isometric representation. This part of ISO 6412 deals, therefore, with general rules used for both representations (orthogonal and isometric). Rules applicable only to isometric representation are given in ISO 6412-2. For the purposes of this part of ISO 6412, all dimensions and tolerances on the
27、drawings have been stencilled in upright lettering. It should be understood that these indications could just as well be written in free-hand or inclined (italic) lettering without altering the meaning of the indications. For the presentation of lettering (proportions and dimensions), see 4.4. 1 Sco
28、pe This part of ISO 6412 specifies rules and conventions for the execution of simplified drawings for the representation of all kinds of pipes and pipelines made of all sorts of materials (rigid and flexible). It shall be used whenever pipes or pipelines have to be represented in a simplified manner
29、. For the purposes of this part of ISO 6412, the figures illustrate the text only and should not be considered as design examples. NOTEThis part of ISO 6412 might also be of some use for the representation of similar installations, such as ventilation or air-conditioning systems; in such cases, the
30、term “duct”, etc. should be substituted for the term “pipe”. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 6412. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subje
31、ct to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 6412 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards listed below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 128:1982, Technical dra
32、wings General principles of presentation. ISO 129:1985, Technical drawings Dimensioning General principles, definitions, methods of execution and special indications. ISO 406:1987, Technical drawings Tolerancing of linear and angular dimensions. ISO 1219:1976, Fluid power systems and components Grap
33、hic symbols. ISO 3098-1:1974, Technical drawings Lettering Part 1: Currently used characters. ISO 3461-2:1987, General principles for the creation of graphical symbols Part 2: Graphical symbols for use in technical product documentation. ISO 3545:1981, Steel tubes and tubular shaped accessories with
34、 circular cross-section Symbols to be used in specifications. ISO 4067-1:1984, Technical drawings Installations Part 1: Graphical symbols for plumbing, heating, ventilation and ducting. ISO 5261:1981, Technical drawings for structural metal work. ISO 5455:1979, Technical drawings Scales. ISO 6428:19
35、82, Technical drawings Requirements for microcopying. ISO 7573:1983, Technical drawings Item lists. 3 Definitions For the purposes of ISO 6412, the following definitions apply. 3.1 orthogonal representation projection method in which the projectors are at right angles to the projection plane 3.2 iso
36、metric representation projection method in which each of the three coordinate axes is inclined at the same angle to the projection plane 3.3 flow line representation of the flow path of the inlet or outlet streams or of material, energy or energy carriers 4 General principles In this clause all gene
37、ral principles are specified which are common to the methods of projection and to the pictorial representations, as recommended in this part of ISO 6412. 4.1 Representation of pipes, etc. The flow line representing a pipe, etc. (irrespective of its diameter), shall be a single continuous thick line
38、(type A, see Table 1 and ISO 128), coinciding with the central line of the pipe (see ISO 4067-1). Bends may be simplified by extending the straight length of the flow line to the vertex (see Figure 1). However, bends may be shown for sake of clarity in the form illustrated in Figure 2. In this case,
39、 if projections of bends would otherwise have been elliptical, these projections may be simplified by drawing circular arcs (see Figure 3). Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 14 06:19:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 6412-1:1994 4 BSI 02-1999 Table 1 4.2 Scale If
40、 the drawing is to scale, this shall be indicated in accordance with ISO 5455. 4.3 Lines 4.3.1 Thickness of lines In general, only one thickness of line shall be used. However, in cases where more than one line thickness has to be used, the line thicknesses shall be chosen from ISO 128; the relative
41、 proportions of line thicknesses a : b : c shall be 2 : 1. Different line thicknesses shall then be used as follows (see also 4.3.2): line thickness a: main flow lines; line thickness b: secondary flow lines, lettering; line thickness c: leader lines, dimension lines, etc. 4.3.2 Types of line The ty
42、pes and thicknesses of line shown in Table 1 shall be used. 4.3.3 Spacing of lines In accordance with ISO 6428, the space between parallel lines (including hatching) shall not be less than twice the thickness of the heaviest of these lines, with a minimum spacing of 0,7 mm. The minimum spacing betwe
43、en adjacent flow lines and between flow lines and other lines should be 10 mm. 4.4 Lettering Lettering shall be in accordance with ISO 3098-1; lettering type B vertical is preferred. The line thickness of the lettering shall be the same as the line thickness of those tpd-symbols to which the letteri
44、ng is close or associated (see ISO 3461-2). 4.5 Dimensioning 4.5.1 In general, dimensioning shall be in accordance with ISO 129. Nominal dimensions may be indicated in accordance with ISO 3545 using the short designation “DN” (see Figure 1). The outer diameter d) and the wall thickness t) of pipes m
45、ay be indicated in accordance with ISO 5261 (see Figure 2). If necessary, an item list (see ISO 7573) giving additional information on the pipes, including the associated equipment, may be added to the drawing. Lengths shall start from the outer faces of the pipe ends, flanges, or centre of the join
46、t, whenever appropriate. 4.5.2 Pipes with bends should be generally dimensioned from central line to central line of the pipelines (see Figure 1 and Figure 2). Line type in accordance with ISO 128 DescriptionApplication Continuous thickA1 Flow lines and connected parts Continuous thin B1 Hatching B2
47、 Dimensioning B3 Leader lines B4 Isometric grid lines Continuous thin freehand C1/D1 Limits of partial or interrupted views and sections Continuous thin with zigzags Dashed thickE1 Flow lines specified on other drawing Dashed thin F1 Floor F2 Walls F3 Ceilings F4 Holes (hole punchings) Chain thinG1
48、Centrelines Extra thick chain lineaEJ1 Contract boundary Chain thin double-dashed K1 Outlines of adjacent parts K2 Parts situated in front of the cutting plane a Four times the thickness of line type G. 2 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Tue Nov 14 06:19:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Co
49、py, (c) BSI EN ISO 6412-1:1994 BSI 02-19995 If it is necessary to specify the dimension from the outside or inside external protection or surface of the pipe, the dimension may be specified by arrows pointing to short thin strokes parallel to the projection line (see Figure 3). The dimensions from outer to outer, from inner to inner and from inner to outer vertex are shown in Figure 3 a), Figure 3 b) and Figure 3 c), respectively. 4.5.3 Radii and angles of bends may be indicated as shown in Figure 4. The f