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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 13370:1998 Thermal performance of buildings Heat transfer via the ground Calculation methods The European Standard EN ISO 13370:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 91.120.10 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 03:06:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrol
2、led Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 13370:1998 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 December 1998 BSI 05-1999 ISBN 0 580 30071 4 Nat
3、ional foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN ISO 13370:1998. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/540, Energy performance of materials, components and buildings, to Subcommittee B/540/1, European standards for thermal insulation
4、, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgat
5、e them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references Attention is drawn to the fact that CEN and CENELEC standards normally include an annex which lists normative references to international publications with their c
6、orresponding European publications. The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the
7、BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summa
8、ry of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN ISO title page, pages 2 to 41 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside f
9、ront cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 03:06:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 13370:1998 BSI 05-1999i Contents Page National forewordInside front cover Foreword 2 Text of EN ISO 133705 License
10、d Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 03:06:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 03:06:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 13370 October 1998 ICS 91.1
11、20.10 Descriptors: Buildings, soils, floors, thermal properties, heat transfer, computation, heat transfer coefficient English version Thermal performance of buildings Heat transfer via the ground Calculation methods (ISO 13370:1998) Performance thermique des btiments Transfert de chaleur par le sol
12、 Mthodes de calcul (ISO 13370:1998) Wrmetechnisches Verhalten von Gebuden Wrmebertragung ber das Erdreich Berechnungsverfahren (ISO 13370:1998) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 June 1998. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the con
13、ditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in thre
14、e official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Aus
15、tria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Centra
16、l Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 13370:1998 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 03:06:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN
17、ISO 13370:1998 BSI 05-1999 2 Foreword The text of EN ISO 13370:1998 has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 89 “Thermal performance of buildings and building components”, the secretariat of which is held by SIS, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 163 “Thermal insulation”. This
18、European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 1999, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 1999. This standard is one of a series of standards on calculatio
19、n methods for the design and evaluation of the thermal performance of buildings and building components. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic,
20、 Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 03:06:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 13370:1998 BSI 05-19993
21、 Contents Page Foreword2 Introduction5 1Scope5 2Normative references5 3Definitions, symbols and units6 4Thermal properties8 5Internal temperature and climatic data8 6Thermal transmittance and heat flow rate9 7Parameters used in the calculations10 8Slab-on-ground floor: uninsulated or with all-over i
22、nsulation12 9Slab-on-ground with edge insulation12 10Suspended floor15 11Heated basement18 12Unheated or partly heated basement19 Annex A (normative) Numerical calculations20 Annex B (normative) Calculation of ground heat flow rate22 Annex C (normative) Periodic thermal coupling coefficients25 Annex
23、 D (normative) Heat flow rates for individual rooms28 Annex E (normative) Application to dynamic simulation programs29 Annex F (normative) Ventilation below suspended floors29 Annex G (informative) Thermal properties of the ground31 Annex H (informative) The influence of flowing ground water32 Annex
24、 J (informative) Slab-on-ground floor with an embedded heating system33 Annex K (informative) Cold stores34 Annex L (informative) Worked examples35 Figure 1 Schematic diagram of slab-on-ground floor11 Figure 2 Schematic diagram of horizontal edge insulation13 Figure 3 Vertical edge insulation (insul
25、ation layer)14 Figure 4 Vertical edge insulation (low density foundation)15 Figure 5 Schematic diagram of suspended floor16 Figure 6 Schematic diagram of building with heated basement17 Page Figure A.1 Schematic diagram for calculation of 21 Figure A.2 Schematic diagram for calculation of 21 Figure
26、B.1 Illustration of the variation of external temperature over a year (in Northern hemisphere)23 Figure L.1 Row of houses35 Figure L.2 L-shaped building36 Figure L.3 Edge insulation for frost protection37 Figure L.4 Thermal bridge at floor edge38 Figure L.5 Dimensions of suspended floor39 Table 1 Th
27、ermal properties of the ground8 Table 2 Selection of equations9 Table 3 Values of linear thermal transmittance for wall/floor junctions for slab-on-ground and suspended floors10 Table 4 Values of the wind shielding factor fw17 Table C.1 Periodic penetration depth25 Table C.2 Phase differences (in mo
28、nths)26 Table G.1 Thermal conductivity of ground31 Table H.1 Values of Gw for dt/B9 = 0,132 Table H.2 Values of Gw for dt/B9 = 0,533 Table H.3 Values of Gw for dt/B9 = 1,033 L 2D 1 L 2D 2 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 03:06:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 4 bla
29、nk Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 03:06:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 13370:1998 BSI 05-19995 Introduction EN ISO 6946 gives the method of calculation of the thermal transmittance of building elements in contact with the external air; this standard deal
30、s with elements in thermal contact with the ground. The division between these two standards is at the level of the inside floor surface for slab-on-ground floors, suspended floors and unheated basements, and at the level of the external ground surface for heated basements. In general, a term to all
31、ow for a thermal bridge associated with the wall/floor junction is included when assessing the total heat loss from a building using methods such as prEN ISO 13789. The calculation of heat transfer through the ground can be done by numerical calculations, which also allow analysis of thermal bridges
32、, including wall/floor junctions, for assessment of minimum internal surface temperatures. In this standard, simplified procedures are provided which take account of the 3-dimensional nature of the heat flow and which are suitable for the evaluation of heat transfer coefficients and heat flow rates
33、in most cases. Thermal transmittances of floors give useful comparative values of the insulation properties of different floor constructions, and are used in building regulations in some countries for the limitation of heat losses through floors. Thermal transmittance, although defined for steady-st
34、ate conditions, also relates average heat flow to average temperature difference. In the case of walls and roofs exposed to the external air there are daily periodic variations in heat flow into and out of storage related to daily temperature variations, but this averages out and the daily average h
35、eat loss can be found from the thermal transmittance and daily average inside-to-outside temperature difference. For floors and basement walls in contact with the ground, however, the large thermal inertia of the ground results in periodic heat flows related to the annual cycle of internal and exter
36、nal temperatures. The steady-state heat flow is often a good approximation to the average heat flow over the heating season. A detailed assessment of floor losses is obtained from, in addition to the steady-state part, annual periodic heat transfer coefficients related to the thermal capacity of the
37、 soil as well as its thermal conductivity, together with the amplitude of annual variations in monthly mean temperature. Methods of obtaining these periodic coefficients are also given in this standard, and their application to the calculation of heat flow rates is described in Annex B. Worked examp
38、les illustrating the use of the methods in this standard are given in Annex L. 1 Scope This standard gives methods of calculation of heat transfer coefficients and heat flow rates, for building elements in thermal contact with the ground, including slab-on-ground floors, suspended floors and basemen
39、ts. It applies to building elements, or parts of them, below a horizontal plane in the bounding walls of the building situated for slab-on-ground floors and suspended floors, at the level of the inside floor surface; for basements, at the level of the external ground surface. It includes calculation
40、 of the steady-state part of the heat transfer (the annual average rate of heat flow), and the part due to annual periodic variations in temperature (the seasonal variations of the heat flow rate about the annual average). These seasonal variations are obtained on a monthly basis; this standard does
41、 not apply to shorter periods of time. 2 Normative references This standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subs
42、equent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN ISO 6946, Building components and building elements Thermal resistance and
43、 thermal transmittance Calculation method (ISO 6946:1996). EN ISO 7345, Thermal insulation Physical quantities and definitions (ISO 7345:1987). Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 03:06:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 13370:1998 6 BSI 05-1999 EN ISO 10211-1, T
44、hermal bridges Calculation of heat flows and surface temperatures Part 1: General calculation methods (ISO 10211-1:1995). prEN ISO 10211-2, Thermal bridges Calculation of heat flows and surface temperatures Part 2: Linear thermal bridges (ISO/DIS 10211-2:1995). ISO 10456, Building materials and prod
45、ucts Procedures for determining declared and design thermal values. 3 Definitions, symbols and units 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of this standard the definitions in EN ISO 7345 apply, together with the following. 3.1.1 slab on ground floor construction directly on the ground over its whole area
46、 3.1.2 suspended floor floor construction in which the floor is held off the ground, resulting in an air void between the floor and the ground NOTEThis air void, also called underfloor space or crawl space, may be ventilated or unventilated, and does not form part of the habitable space. 3.1.3 basem
47、ent usable part of a building that is situated partly or entirely below ground level NOTEThis space may be heated or unheated 3.1.4 equivalent thickness (of a thermal resistance) thickness of ground (having the thermal conductivity of the actual ground) which has the same thermal resistance 3.1.5 st
48、eady-state thermal coupling coefficient steady-state heat flow divided by temperature difference between internal and external environments 3.1.6 internal periodic thermal coupling coefficient amplitude of periodic heat flow divided by amplitude of internal temperature variation over an annual cycle
49、 3.1.7 external periodic thermal coupling coefficient amplitude of periodic heat flow divided by amplitude of external temperature over an annual cycle 3.1.8 characteristic dimension of floor area of floor divided by half the perimeter of floor 3.1.9 phase difference period of time between the maximum or minimum of a cyclic temperature and the consequential maximum or minimum heat flow rate Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 03:06:16 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrol