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1、BS ISO 2709:2008 ICS 01.140.20; 35.240.30 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BRITISH STANDARD Information and documentation Format for information exchange Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 03:47, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI This British Stan
2、dard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2008 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 56057 6 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication DateComments BS ISO 2709:2008 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 2709:2008. I
3、t supersedes BS ISO 2709:1996 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IDT/2/7, Computer applications in information and documentation. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publ
4、ication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 03:47, Uncontrolled Copy, (c)
5、BSI BS ISO 2709:2008 Reference number ISO 2709:2008(E) ISO 2008 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 2709 Fourth edition 2008-07-01 Information and documentation Format for information exchange Information et documentation Format pour lchange dinformation Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/20
6、08 03:47, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 2709:2008 ISO 2709:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and insta
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9、lease inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfil
10、m, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008
11、All rights reserved Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 03:47, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 2709:2008 ISO 2709:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (
12、ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, go
13、vernmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IE
14、C Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the memb
15、er bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 2709 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 46, Information and doc
16、umentation, Subcommittee SC 4, Technical interoperability. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 2709:1996), which has been technically revised to incorporate specification of the use of ISO/IEC 10646 using 8-bit Unicode Transformation Format (UTF-8) encoding. Consequently,
17、 lengths are specified in terms of octets instead of characters. Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 03:47, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 2709:2008 Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 03:47, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 2709:2008 INTERNATIONAL STAND
18、ARD ISO 2709:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1 Information and documentation Format for information exchange 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the requirements for a generalized exchange format which will hold records describing all forms of material capable of bibliographic descrip
19、tion as well as other types of records. It does not define the length or the content of individual records and does not assign any meaning to tags, indicators or identifiers, these specifications being the functions of an implementation format. This International Standard describes a generalized str
20、ucture, a framework designed specially for communications between data processing systems and not for use as a processing format within systems. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition ci
21、ted applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/IEC 646:1991, Information technology ISO 7-bit coded character set for information interchange ISO/IEC 6429:1992, Information technology Control functions for coded character se
22、ts ISO/IEC 10646:2003, Information technology Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 character member of a set of elements used for the organization, control, or representation of da
23、ta 3.2 data field characters recording the descriptive content of the record 3.3 directory index to the location of the fields within a record 3.4 directory map set of parameters specifying the structure of the entries in the directory Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 03:47,
24、Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 2709:2008 ISO 2709:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3.5 field variable length portion of the record containing a particular category of data, following the directory and associated with one entry of the directory NOTE A field can contain one or more subfields.
25、 3.6 field separator control character that terminates the directory, record identifier, reference fields and data fields 3.7 tag three octets associated with a field and used to identify it 3.8 indicator first data element, if present, associated with a field supplying further information about the
26、 contents of the field, about the relationship between the field and other fields in the record, or about the action required in certain data manipulation processes 3.9 octet group of 8 consecutive bits also referred to as an 8-bit byte; it may represent one character or be part of a representation
27、of a character 3.10 record collection of fields, including a record label, a directory and data NOTE If required, the linking of records and their division into subrecords is allowed and should be implemented as specified in the explicit exchange format. 3.11 record identifier field characters ident
28、ifying the record 3.12 record label section occurring at the beginning of each record providing parameters for the processing of the record 3.13 record separator control character that terminates the record 3.14 reference field data that may be required for processing a record 3.15 separating charac
29、ter control character used to separate and qualify units of data logically, and in some cases hierarchically 3.16 structure arrangement of the parts constituting a record 3.17 subfield part of a field containing a defined unit of information Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 0
30、3:47, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 2709:2008 ISO 2709:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3 3.18 identifier data element of one or more characters immediately preceding and identifying a subfield 3.19 subrecord group of fields within a record which may be treated as an entity 4 Structure of co
31、mmunication format for a record 4.1 General The general structure of a record is shown schematically in Figure 1. A more detailed structure is shown schematically in Figure 2, which includes four alternatives for the data sections. Record label Directory Fields Record separator Figure 1 General stru
32、cture A record contains the following fixed and variable-length elements in the sequence shown in Figure 2: a) record label (fixed length); b) directory (variable length); c) record identifier field (variable length); d) reference fields (variable length); e) data fields (variable length); f) field
33、separator(s); g) record separator. The directory, record identifier, reference fields and data fields shall each be terminated by a field separator, i.e. separator IS2 in accordance with lSO/IEC 646 or lSO/IEC 6429. The record shall be terminated by the record separator, i.e. separator IS3 in accord
34、ance with ISO/IEC 646 or lSO/IEC 6429. 4.2 Basic character encoding All data in the record label and directory, and the indicators, subfield identifiers, field separators, and record separators, shall be taken from the character repertoire of ISO/IEC 646, with one octet per character encoding as spe
35、cified in ISO/IEC 646 or ISO 10646 with UTF-8 encoding. 4.3 Record label 4.3.1 General The record label shown in Figure 2 shall be fixed in length to 24 octets, each representing one character and the octet positions shall be as defined in 4.3.2 to 4.3.9. Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong
36、, 21/10/2008 03:47, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 2709:2008 ISO 2709:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reserved 4.3.2 Record length (octets 0 to 4) The record length shall be defined by the number of octets in the record, including the record label, directory, fields, and the record separator. The l
37、ength is a five-digit decimal number, right-aligned with zero fill if necessary. NOTE The record length described here is a logical record length. For practical reasons relating to machine processing of data, it is sometimes necessary to divide the information into blocks. 4.3.3 Record status (octet
38、 5) The record status shall be defined by a single character, to be defined in an implementation International Standard, describing the status of a record, for example new or amended. In the absence of an International Standard, special agreement should be reached between the interchange partners. 4
39、.3.4 Implementation codes (octets 6 to 9) The implementation codes are not defined in this International Standard. Special agreement should be reached between the interchange partners. 4.3.5 Indicator length (octet 10) The indicator length shall be defined by one decimal digit giving the number of o
40、ctets of the indicators. If indicators are not used, the indicator length shall be set to zero. 4.3.6 Identifier length (octet 11) The identifier length shall be defined by one decimal digit giving the number of octets of the identifier. The first or only character of this identifier shall always be
41、 IS1 in accordance with lSO/IEC 646 or ISO/IEC 6429. If the identifier is not used, the identifier length shall be set to zero. 4.3.7 Base address of data (octets 12 to 16) The base address of data shall be defined by five decimal digits, right-aligned with zero fill if necessary, equal to the combi
42、ned length in characters of the record label and the directory, including the field separator at the end of the directory. 4.3.8 Positions defined by user systems (octets 17 to 19) Octets positions 17 to 19 shall be defined by user systems. 4.3.9 Directory map The directory map positions shall be de
43、fined by the following. a) Octet 20: one decimal digit equal to the length in characters of the length of field part of each entry in the directory. b) Octet 21: one decimal digit equal to the length in characters of the starting character position part of each entry in the directory. c) Octet 22: o
44、ne decimal digit equal to the length in characters of the implementation-defined part of each entry in the directory. d) Octet 23: reserved for future use. Licensed CopyChinese University of Hong Kong, 21/10/2008 03:47, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 2709:2008 ISO 2709:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights
45、 reserved 5 4.4 Directory 4.4.1 General The directory shall consist of a variable number of entries, each corresponding to its respective field (record identifier, reference and data fields). The directory shall end with a field separator. 4.4.2 Directory entry An entry shall consist of the followin
46、g parts in the given order: a) a tag; b) the length of the field; c) the starting character position; d) the implementation-defined part. The length of the tag shall be three octets. The length in octets of the other three parts in each directory entry shall be given by the directory map (octets 20
47、to 22 in the record label). All entries in a directory shall have the same structure. 4.4.3 Tag The tag shall consist of three octets which specify, according to definition in an implementation International Standard, the name of any associated field. In the absence of an International Standard, spe
48、cial agreement shall be reached between the interchange partners. 4.4.4 Length of field This length shall be either a) the total number of octets including indicator(s) and field separator in the field indicated by the preceding tag, or b) zero, implying that the directory entry refers to a field wh
49、ose total length is greater than the largest decimal number (n) which can be stored in the “length” of field part of a directory entry (see Note), or c) the number of octets (including field separator) in the final part of a field which has been treated as described in b). NOTE In the case of b), the field is regarded as being divided into a number of parts, of which all but the last are of equal length (n). Each part has a corresponding directory entry containing the tag for the field and the starting character position of the part