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1、BS ISO 14697:2007 ICS 13.220.50 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BRITISH STANDARD Reaction-to-fire tests Guidance on the choice of substrates for building and transport products Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Unc
2、ontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:16:57 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2008 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 54
3、472 9 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication DateComments BS ISO 14697:2007 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 14697:2007. It supersedes BS ISO/TR 14697:1997 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee
4、FSH/21, Reaction to fire tests. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Sta
5、ndard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:16:57 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- BS ISO 1
6、4697:2007 Reference number ISO 14697:2007(E) ISO 2007 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14697 First edition 2007-07-15 Reaction-to-fire tests Guidance on the choice of substrates for building and transport products Essais de raction au feu Lignes directrices sur le choix de subjectiles pour les produits du
7、 btiment et du transport Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:16:57 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- BS ISO 14697:2007 ISO 14697:2007(E)
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11、GHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2007 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below o
12、r ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2007 All rights reserved Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by
13、 IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:16:57 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- BS ISO 14697:2007 ISO 14697:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Nor
14、mative references. 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Guidance on selection of substrates 2 5 Storage and conditioning of standard substrates 4 6 Methods of application to the substrate. 4 7 Non-standard substrates . 5 Bibliography. 6 Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license
15、 with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:16:57 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- BS ISO 14697:2007 ISO 14697:2007(E) iv ISO 2007 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardizati
16、on) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be re
17、presented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards
18、are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Internati
19、onal Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 14697 was p
20、repared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92, Fire safety, Subcommittee SC 1, Fire initiation and growth. This first edition of ISO 14697 cancels and replaces ISO/TR 14697:1997, which has been technically revised. Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrol
21、led Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:16:57 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- BS ISO 14697:2007 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14697:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 1 Reaction-to-fire tests Guidance on the choice of substrates f
22、or building and transport products 1 Scope This International Standard gives guidance on the choice of substrates for building and transport products, when required, for use in reaction to fire tests. This International Standard is applicable to those building and transport products that are produce
23、d and used in combination with other materials; for example, wall-coverings are adhered to many different substrates that vary in their thickness, density, thermal conductivity and flammability characteristics. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the appli
24、cation of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 1716, Reaction to fire tests for building products Determination of the heat of combustion ISO 13943, Fire safe
25、ty Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13943 and the following apply. 3.1 assembly fabrication of materials, products and/or composites NOTE This may include an air gap. 3.2 coating product applied as a liquid or a powder to a
26、substrate that cures or dries as an external layer on the substrate 3.3 composite combination of materials, which is recognized in building and transport vehicle construction as a discrete entity 3.4 exposed surface that surface of the product subjected to the heating conditions of the test or fire
27、in end use 3.5 end use method of application in an actual building or transport vehicle Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:16:57 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted with
28、out license from IHS -,-,- BS ISO 14697:2007 ISO 14697:2007(E) 2 ISO 2007 All rights reserved 3.6 facing thin, pre-produced sheet or film product that is applied to the substrate using an adhesive or the self-adhesive properties of the substrate or facing 3.7 material single basic substance or unifo
29、rmly dispersed mixture of substances EXAMPLES Metal, stone, timber, concrete, mineral wool with dispersed binder and polymers. 3.8 product material, composite, component or assembly about which information is required 3.9 spacers material with PCS equal to 0 (when tested in accordance with ISO 1716)
30、 applied in the form of strips to a substrate with PCS equal to 0 (also when tested in accordance with ISO 1716) to provide an air gap (open or closed) behind a product for testing purposes NOTE Spacers fabricated from combustible materials may be used in specific test specimens if these are appropr
31、iate to the end-use application. 3.10 substrate product that is used (or is representative of that used) immediately beneath the product about which information is required EXAMPLE Plasterboard beneath a wall covering. NOTE This definition of a substrate is different from that given in ISO 2424. For
32、 textile floor coverings, the substrate is considered to be part of the floor-covering assembly below the use surface. In the context of this fire-testing International Standard, the substrate should be chosen to represent the type of floor on which the textile or non-textile floor covering is place
33、d. 3.11 standard substrate product that is representative of the substrate used in end-use applications 3.12 test specimen piece of the product that is tested with or without any substrate, including any air gap or treatment 4 Guidance on selection of substrates 4.1 In all cases, end-use substrates
34、shall be used. The term end-use substrate shall apply not only to the product immediately beneath the surface to be tested, but also to the method of attachment that shall also be end-use in terms of the type and application, where appropriate. The test method defines the required test-specimen dime
35、nsions. If the product has both primary and secondary substrates in end-use practice, the test specimen shall be prepared to incorporate both substrates. The second substrate may be an air gap. For example, in the case of paint coating on a steel plate that has an insulation substrate beneath it (as
36、 in a sandwich panel construction), the paint layer shall be tested together with the steel and the insulation. Water or another highly conductive liquid should not be used as a secondary substrate in any test method. Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - U
37、ncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:16:57 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- BS ISO 14697:2007 ISO 14697:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 3 This requirement for end-use testing is necessary since underlying layers of
38、 products and also various methods of attachment are known to have a profound effect on the fire performance of the surface product. The effects are more pronounced when assessing some parameters than others; for example, the choice of substrates when assessing the spread of flame performance of a p
39、roduct can make the difference between having the lowest or highest level of performance for the same surface material. Choice of the method of attachment can also affect performance, since partial delamination can create a significantly worse fire performance due to the insulatory air layer created
40、 between the product and the substrate. In some actual uses, the substrate can be “air,” since an air gap is formed in the construction of the lining to wall, ceiling or floor surfaces, by the use of battens, etc. If an air gap is used in practice, then this should be simulated in the preparation an
41、d testing of the specimen; see 6.2. Table 1 Standard substrates Standard substrate Density Thickness Typical values of thermal inertia PCS a CFE b Qsb c kg/m3 mm W2s/m4 K2 MJ/kg kW/m2 MJ/m2 Fibre cement board (see ISO 390) 1 800 100 6 1 9,0 104 u 2,0 Calcium silicate board 870 50 11 2 9,0 104 u 2,0
42、Gypsum plasterboard d 800 100 12,5 0,5 5,8 104 W 15,0 W 3,2 Stone fibre mineral wool slab e 50 20 25 5 1 103 1,0 Steel sheet 7 850 50 0,8 0,1 2,4 108 Inert Inert Inert Aluminium sheet 2 700 50 1,0 0,2 4,7 106 Inert Inert Inert Particleboard f 680 5,0 12 2 2,4 105 W 5,5 W 2,35 a PCS is the gross calo
43、rific potential (ISO 1716). b CFE is the critical flux at extinguishment (ISO 5658-2). c Qsb is the heat for sustained burning (ISO 5658-2). d With paper facing having a maximum weight of 220 g/m2. e Mass loss less than 3 % at 550 C (see ISO 1887). f Non-fire-retarded, for internal use (see ISO 820)
44、. 4.2 As an alternative option, for non-combustible (i.e. PCS equal to 0 when tested in accordance with ISO 1716) substrates or substrates of limited combustibility (i.e. PCS 1,0 MJ/kg when tested in accordance with ISO 1716), the following standard substrates shall be used to represent end-use subs
45、trates having a density (or thickness) that is equal to or more than the nominal value of the density (or thickness) of the standard substrate; see Table 1. NOTE The PCS criteria that are given in Clause 4 are those that are specified in EN 13501-1. The substrates have very little contribution to th
46、e fire itself in terms of combustibility, but all affect the fire characteristics of the surface product due to their different thermal inertia. Gypsum plasterboard has been included despite its similar density to calcium silicate board due to its different fire performance properties and the differ
47、ences exhibited by various surfaces, particularly in terms of spread of flame when tested using the two different substrates. The standard steel substrate is representative only of metal substrates in end use with a melting point equal to or greater than 1 000 C, independent of thickness and density
48、. Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:16:57 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- BS ISO 14697:2007 ISO 14697:2007(E) 4 ISO 2007 All rights reserved The standard aluminium substrate is representative only of metal subs