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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 15641:2001 Milling cutters for high speed machining Safety requirements The European Standard EN ISO 15641:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICS 25.100.20 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BS EN ISO 15641:2001 This British Stand
2、ard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee and comes into effect on 24 September 2001 BSI 24 September 2001 ISBN 0 580 37320 7 National foreword This British S
3、tandard is the official English language version of EN ISO 15641:2001. It is identical with EN ISO 15641:2001 The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MTE/5, Engineers rotary cutting tools of high speed steel, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizatio
4、ns represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement these international or European publications may be found in the the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”,
5、 or by using the “Find“ facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confe
6、r immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgat
7、e them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, pages 2 to 14, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publica
8、tion Amd. No. DateComments EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 15641 September 2001 ICS 25.100.20 English version Milling cutters for high speed machining - Safety requirements (ISO 15641:2001) Fraises pour usinage grande vitesse - Prescriptions de scurit (ISO 15641:2001) Frswer
9、kzeuge fr die Hochgeschwindigkeitsbearbeitung - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen (ISO 15641:2001) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 March 2001. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
10、the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German
11、). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finlan
12、d, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2
13、001 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 15641:2001 E EN ISO 15641:2001 (E) 2 Contents Foreword3 Introduction3 1 Scope3 2 Normative references5 3 Terms and definitions.6 3.1 Tool classification terms6 3.1.1 solid or o
14、ne-piece cutter.6 3.1.2 composite cutter.6 3.1.3 complex cutter6 3.2 Types of fixing6 3.2.1 bonding.6 3.2.2 separable6 3.2.3 friction lock .6 3.2.4 form lock.6 3.3 Terms for the designation of geometric parameters.6 3.3.1 maximum diameter of tool D.6 3.3.2 critical diameter d for bending8 3.3.3 prot
15、ruding tool length lp.8 3.4 Terms for the designation of mechanical parameters8 3.4.1 mass of milling cutter mw8 3.4.2 component masses mt8 3.5 Terms for the designation of load parameters8 3.5.1 maximum rotational speed nmax8 3.5.2 rotational speed for test8 4 Hazards 8 4.1 Effects which generate h
16、azards.8 4.1.1 Primary hazards 8 4.1.2 Handling hazards 8 4.2.1 Body failure .9 4.2.2 Failure of cutting element fixing 9 4.2.3 Failure of cutting element9 5 Safety requirements and/or measures 9 5.1 Providing safety by design .9 5.2 Importance of balance9 5.3 Integrity of manufacturing.10 5.4 Centr
17、ifugal force type testing10 5.4.1 General requirements10 5.4.2 Testing of solid, one-piece or composite cutters.10 5.4.3 Testing of complex cutters 11 5.4.4 Duration of rotational speed for test11 6 Marking of milling cutters.11 7 Documentation and information for use .11 Annex A (informative) Indic
18、ations for design relative to hazards .12 A.1 Indications for design relative to hazards.12 A.2 Total tool mass or tool component masses .12 A.3 Unbalance12 A.4 Tool design 12 Annex B (informative) Explanatory notes to the scope.14 EN ISO 15641:2001 (E) 3 Foreword The text of EN ISO 15641:2001 has b
19、een prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 143 “Machine tools Safety“, the secretariat of which is held by SNV, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 29 “Small tools“. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by
20、 endorsement, at the latest by March 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2002. The annexes A and B are informative. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement
21、 this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Introduction This standard is intended to assist designers, manufacturers and s
22、uppliers of milling cutters to satisfy their obligations in respect of high speed machining applications. It defines requirements for design, confirmation testing and information for use that manufacturers and suppliers are to provide. The prime objective is to ensure that milling cutters, employed
23、for high speed machining, will be able to safely withstand the quadratic increase in centrifugal force resulting from their application at increased rotational speed. It is based upon a collaborative German research project established to investigate the suitability of milling cutters for use in hig
24、h speed machining operations. This standard deals only with the tool and is not sufficient alone to ensure the safety. The safety of machinery is dealt with by other specific safety standards. This standard takes account of cutting conditions only by requiring the manufacturer to provide application
25、 information. Informative annex A provides guidance for reduction of hazards by design and informative annex B explains the scope limits. 1 Scope This standard deals with the principle hazards arising from use of milling cutters, e.g. milling cutters according to ISO 3855, used for high speed machin
26、ing (chip removal machining at increased peripheral speeds) on metal working machine tools and prescribes safety requirements. It specifies design methods, centrifugal force test procedures, operational limits and the provision of information that will lead to minimisation or elimination of these ha
27、zards. The standard is applicable to milling cutters which are intended for operation at speeds in accordance with figures 1 and 2. These figures respectively define the rotational speed limits and peripheral speed limits for specific cutter diameters. NOTE A detailed explanation is provided in anne
28、x B. EN ISO 15641:2001 (E) 4 a Maximum diameter of tool D in mm b Rotational speed n in min-1 Figure 1 - Rotational speed n vs maximum diameter of tool D EN ISO 15641:2001 (E) 5 a Maximum diameter of tool D in mm b Velocity at D (speed vD at maximum diameter of tool D) in min m Figure 2 - Velocity a
29、t D (speed vD) vs maximum diameter of tool D 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated re
30、ferences, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 1070 Safety of machinery Ter
31、minology ISO 1940-1:1986 Mechanical vibration Balance quality requirements of rigid rotors Part 1: Determination of permissible residual unbalance ISO 3002-1 Basic quantities in cutting and grinding Part 1: Geometry of the active part of cutting tools General terms, reference systems, tool and worki
32、ng angles, chip breakers ISO 3855 Milling cutters Nomenclature EN ISO 15641:2001 (E) 6 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this standard the terms and definitions given in EN 1070, ISO 3002-1 and the following apply: 3.1 Tool classification terms 3.1.1 solid or one-piece cutter milling cutte
33、r which has no detachable parts. Its body and cutting part or parts are one piece. 3.1.2 composite cutter milling cutter in which the cutting part or parts (e.g. tips) are attached to the body by material bonding (e.g. by brazing). 3.1.3 complex cutter milling cutter in which one or more parts (e.g.
34、 indexable inserts, cartridges, clamping elements) are attached to the body by mechanical fastening (e.g. key bolt, screw bolt or clamp bolt fixing which operate by friction lock or form lock principles). 3.2 Types of fixing 3.2.1 bonding securing of cutter parts with material bonding such as brazin
35、g, welding or gluing. 3.2.2 separable securing of cutter parts by detachable fastening(s). Examples are friction lock and form lock fixings, or a combination of these, which can be mounted and detached repeatedly. 3.2.3 friction lock means of securing cutter parts where friction force prevents the m
36、ovement of parts in use. 3.2.4 form lock means of securing cutter parts where the shape and arrangement of parts prevents their movement in use. 3.3 Terms for the designation of geometric parameters 3.3.1 maximum diameter of tool D maximum diameter of the circle created by cutter rotation. See D in
37、figures 3, 4 and 5. EN ISO 15641:2001 (E) 7 Figure 3 - Example for solid, one-piece or composite cutter Figure 4 - Example for complex cutter Figure 5 - Example for tapered solid, one-piece or composite cutter EN ISO 15641:2001 (E) 8 3.3.2 critical diameter d for bending diameter exposed to greatest
38、 stress of bending due to centrifugal and cutting forces. See d in figures 3, 4 and 5. 3.3.3 protruding tool length lp free accessible length of a mounted cutter measured along its axis of rotation. See lp in figures 3, 4 and 5. 3.4 Terms for the designation of mechanical parameters 3.4.1 mass of mi
39、lling cutter mw mass of a completely mounted and ready-to-use milling cutter. 3.4.2 component masses mt masses of component parts of a complex milling cutter. 3.5 Terms for the designation of load parameters 3.5.1 maximum rotational speed nmax maximum rotational speed indicated by the manufacturer f
40、or a specific milling cutter. 3.5.2 rotational speed for test speed determined by multiplying nmax by the rotational speed safety factor used for speed testing. 4 Hazards 4.1 Effects which generate hazards 4.1.1 Primary hazards When milling cutters are applied at high peripheral speeds, the forces a
41、ssociated with normal machining are exceeded by the squared increase in centrifugal force due to the high rotational speeds employed. Other forces, for example: through the acceleration of the cutter to working speed, clamping at the drive end, prestressing forces in complex cutters and fluid forces
42、 from air or cooling liquids have also to be considered. The centrifugal force will usually be the primary load and the high levels of energy applied leads to high structural loads which can, in the extreme, burst the cutter. High levels of rotational energy are contained within milling cutters when
43、 they are applied at high peripheral cutting speed. In the event of cutter failure, this energy is likely to be released. The released component masses will move, in the rotational or translatory directions, away from their original axis of rotation at high velocities and with unpredictable trajecto
44、ries. Their energies can only be dissipated through single or multiple collisions or deformation of machine parts in their motion paths. Dependant upon the mode of cutter failure, the released energy can be sufficient to destroy and penetrate machine parts. This may lead to serious injury of persons
45、 at or near the machine. It is inconceivable that operating personnel will be able to stop the machine or to leave the danger zone, in time to avoid such injury, because of the dynamics of these high speed machining operations. 4.1.2 Handling hazards Hazards for operating personnel also arise from t
46、he handling of milling cutters as may be necessary both before and after their use in machining operations (e.g. transport, assembly, mounting/dismounting, clamping at the machine spindle) (see clause 7). EN ISO 15641:2001 (E) 9 4.2 Modes of cutter failure Failure of milling cutters, used at high pe
47、ripheral speeds, can be attributed to the following fundamental causes: 4.2.1 Body failure Deformation or bursting of the milling cutter body as a result of structural overload. This can result from: Long protruding cutters which fail due to cutting forces, centrifugal forces or by unbalance. The mo
48、unting of such long protruding cutters is critical since the introduction of eccentricity can lead to failure at substantially reduced rotational speed due to out-of-balance forces. Short protruding cutters which fail when stresses due to the centrifugal force exceed the ultimate strength of the cut
49、ter body material. 4.2.2 Failure of cutting element fixing In complex cutters the connection between the body and the cutting element (e.g. indexable insert or cartridge) fails due to centrifugal and/or cutting forces causing structural overload (e. g. by deformation or fracture). 4.2.3 Failure of cutting element Structural overload of the cutting element due to centrifugal and/or cutting forces. 5 Safety requirements and/or measures 5.1 Providing safety by design Milling cutters, intended for application at high peripheral speeds, shall be designed suc