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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 16664:2004 Gas analysis Handling of calibration gases and gas mixtures Guidelines ICS 71.040.40 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:21:31 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 16664:2004 This British Standard was published under the authori
2、ty of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 17 August 2004 BSI 17 August 2004 ISBN 0 580 44302 7 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 16664:2004 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Commi
3、ttee PTI/15, Natural gas and gas analysis, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found i
4、n the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsi
5、ble for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the
6、UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 17 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displ
7、ayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:21:31 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference number ISO 16664:2004(E) OSI 4002 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD I
8、SO 16664 First edition 2004-07-15 Gas analysis Handling of calibration gases and gas mixtures Guidelines Analyse des gaz Manutention des gaz et des mlanges de gaz pour talonnage Lignes directrices BS ISO 16664:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:21:31 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncon
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13、 eh ebolw or ISOs memreb i ydobn the cnuotrfo y ttseuqer ehe.r ISO cirypothg fofice saCe tsopale 65 eneG 1121-HC 02 av leT. 4 + 10 947 22 1 11 xaF0 947 22 14 + 9 74 E-mail coirypthgiso.o gr We bwww.is.o gro Pulbisdehi n Switlrez dna ii ISO 4002 Allr ithgsr esedevr BS ISO 16664:2004 Licensed Copy: sh
14、effieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:21:31 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS:46661 O4002(E) I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr iii Contents Page Forewordiv Introduction v 1 Scope1 2 Terms and definitions.1 3 Transport and storage4 3.1 General remarks4 3.2 Low temperature .4 3.3 High tempe
15、rature 4 3.4 Water 4 3.5 Storage and handling .4 4 Mode of withdrawal.5 4.1 General.5 4.2 Minimum utilization pressure 5 4.3 Temperature 5 4.4 Pressure reduction and flow5 4.5 Replacement, change of cylinder positions.5 5 Transfer system 6 5.1 Purging procedure6 5.2 Considerations when designing and
16、 constructing gas transfer lines 7 6 Stability 13 Annex A (informative) Check on the stability of calibration gas mixtures by end-users .14 Bibliography .17 BS ISO 16664:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:21:31 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS:46661 O4002(E)
17、iv I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body inte
18、rested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnica
19、l Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the t
20、echnical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. I
21、SO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 16664 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 158, Analysis of gases. BS ISO 16664:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:21:31 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS:46661 O4002(E)
22、I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr v Introduction This International Standard uses the terms “calibration gas” for both gas mixtures and pure gases as the limiting case of gas mixtures. The quality of calibration gases in cylinders as certified by producers is defined by a) the correct analyte content; b
23、) a known uncertainty which is appropriate for its intended use; c) the stability; d) the homogeneity. During its utilization period, the quality of calibration gases is influenced by storage conditions at the manufacturers and users sites; transport conditions; modes of calibration gas withdrawal a
24、nd transfer; the transfer system employed. BS ISO 16664:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:21:31 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:21:31 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI INTENRATIONAL TSAND
25、ADR IS:46661 O4002(E) I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr 1 Gas analysis Handling of calibration gases and gas mixtures Guidelines SAFETY PRECAUTIONS National and International safety regulations concerning storage, use and transportation of pure gases and gas mixtures are to be followed in addition to th
26、is International Standard. 1 Scope This International Standard describes factors that may influence the composition of pure gases and homogeneous gas mixtures used for calibration purposes. This International Standard only applies to gases or gas mixtures that are within the “utilization period”, an
27、d it pays special attention to storage of calibration gas cylinders; calibration gas withdrawal from cylinders; transfer of calibration gas from cylinders to the point of calibration. It also outlines a method of assessing the stability for a gas mixture, and takes into account the gas composition u
28、ncertainty given on the certificate and the users measurement uncertainty. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 calibration gas pure gas or gas mixture used for calibration 2.2 calibration gas mixture gas mixture of sufficient stab
29、ility and homogeneity whose composition is properly established for use in the calibration of a measuring instrument or for the validation of a measurement or gas analytical method ISO 7504:2001 2.3 component chemical substance present in, or a material used in the preparation of, a gas mixture NOTE
30、 1 In practice, the term component is used variously to mean either: a) a distinct pure chemical substance; or b) a material such as: a pure substance mixed with small amounts of inadvertent impurities, BS ISO 16664:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:21:31 GMT+00:00 2006,
31、 Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS:46661 O4002(E) 2 I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr a well defined mixture, such as air, a less well defined mixture, such as natural gas. NOTE 2 In circumstances where it is required to distinguish unambiguously between the individual distinct chemical substances present i
32、n a gas mixture and the materials used in gas mixture preparation, then the chemical substances shall be referred to as “constituents”. When a constituent is or has been the subject of quantitative analysis, it may be referred to as an “analyte”. NOTE 3 In the preparation of gas mixtures, materials
33、such as gases, vapours and gas mixtures, including their impurities, are sometimes called “parent gases”. ISO 7504:2001 2.4 homogeneity state of a gas mixture wherein all of its components are distributed uniformly throughout the volume occupied by the gas mixture NOTE Unless any other indication is
34、 given, it is normally to be assumed that the gas mixture is homogeneous with respect to composition and properties at all points in the gas mixture. ISO 7504:2001 2.5 impurity component present, but not wanted, in a gas mixture NOTE 1 Impurities found in a gas mixture originate from the parent gase
35、s or are introduced during or after its production. NOTE 2 An impurity affecting the intended use of a gas mixture is called a “critical impurity”. NOTE 3 If the fraction of a gas mixture component is close to unity, and if the other components are of no special interest, such a gas mixture is consi
36、dered, in general, as a “pure gas” consisting of that predominant component containing some impurities. NOTE 4 The “purity” of a “pure gas” is quantified usually by the difference between unity and the sum of the fractions of all specified impurities. adapted from ISO 7504:2001 2.6 leak rate volume
37、of fluid leaking from the system per unit of time due to incomplete sealing of materials 2.7 leak tightness conformity to a specified leak rate 2.8 response time time interval between the instant when a stimulus is subjected to a specified abrupt change and the instant when the response reaches and
38、remains within specified limits around its final steady value VIM BS ISO 16664:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:21:31 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS:46661 O4002(E) I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr 3 2.9 stability attribute of a gas mixture, stored or used un
39、der specified conditions, to maintain its composition within specified uncertainty limits for a specified period of time (maximum storage life) and over a specified range of pressure and of temperature NOTE It is appropriate to specify the uncertainty limits for each component of interest. ISO 7504:
40、2001 2.10 maximum storage life period after which the stored gas mixture shall not be used NOTE 1 This period is usually identified as that for which the producer assures that the gas mixture maintains its composition within the specified limits when it is stored in accordance with requirements base
41、d upon maximum filling pressure, minimum utilization pressure, and minimum and maximum applicable temperature. NOTE 2 The end of this period may be indicated by an “expiry date”. ISO 7504:2001 2.11 transfer system gas-conducting system which begins at the cylinder valve and ends at the gas sample in
42、let to the measuring instrument and includes all structural elements 2.12 uncertainty measurement parameter, associated with the result of a measurement, that characterizes the dispersion of the values that could reasonably be attributed to the measurand NOTE 1 The parameter may be, for example, a s
43、tandard deviation or a given multiple of it, or the half-width of an interval having a stated level of confidence. NOTE 2 Uncertainty of measurement comprises, in general, many components. Some of these components may be evaluated from the statistical distribution of the results of series of measure
44、ments and can be characterized by experimental standard deviations. The other components, which also can be characterized by standard deviations, are evaluated from assumed probability distributions based on experience or other information. NOTE 3 It is understood that the result of a measurement is
45、 the best estimate of the value of a measurand, and that all components of uncertainty, including those arising from systematic effects, such as components associated with corrections and reference standards, contribute to the dispersion. GUM; ISO 7504:2001 2.13 utilization period time between the d
46、ate of certification and the expiry date 2.14 permeability property of a material of transmitting gases and liquids by passage through one surface and out at another surface by diffusion and sorption processes NOTE Not to be confused with porosity. ISO 472:1999 BS ISO 16664:2004 Licensed Copy: sheff
47、ieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 04:21:31 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS:46661 O4002(E) 4 I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr 3 Transport and storage 3.1 General remarks After preparation of the calibration gas, the gas cylinder will be transported to the user. The environment in which th
48、e cylinders are transported is not normally regulated in terms of temperature and humidity. Low temperatures may have a detrimental impact on the mixture composition, especially when condensable components are present in the mixture. As a consequence of this, environmental conditions during transpor
49、t and storage should never exceed those recommended by the manufacturer. Gas cylinders and especially cylinder valves shall be free of grease and other lubricants. During storage and transportation, cylinder valves shall be closed, sealing nuts shall be tightened and protection caps shall be attached. The gas cylinders are transported in several ways, e.g. by air, railway, road and on water. In some specific cases, the tempera