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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 19117:2005 Geographic information Portrayal ICS 35.240.70 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:56:12 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 19117:2005 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strateg
2、y Committee on 8 November 2005 BSI 8 November 2005 ISBN 0 580 46691 4 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 19117:2005 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/36, Geographic information,
3、 which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section enti
4、tled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Complianc
5、e with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related interna
6、tional and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 39 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the docum
7、ent was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:56:12 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference number ISO 19117:2005(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19117 First edition 2005-06-01 Geographic informatio
8、n Portrayal Information gographique Prsentation BS ISO 19117:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:56:12 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:56:12 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iii Contents Page
9、 Forewordiv Introduction v 1 Scope1 2 Conformance.1 3 Normative references .1 4 Terms and definitions.1 5 Abbreviated terms.4 6 Unified Modeling Language (UML)4 6.1 Notations4 6.2 UML model stereotypes5 7 Portrayal mechanism5 7.1 Introduction .5 7.2 Priority attribute 6 7.3 Portray nothing .6 7.4 De
10、fault portrayal specification 6 7.5 Annotation .7 7.6 Overview of portrayal .7 8 Portrayal schema 8 8.1 Overview 8 8.2 Portrayal service .9 8.3 Portrayal catalogue package .9 8.4 Portrayal specification package13 8.5 Complex symbols .16 8.6 Portrayal of textual data.17 8.7 Default portrayal specific
11、ation 18 8.8 Representation of symbols19 Annex A (normative) Abstract test suite20 Annex B (informative) Examples.22 BS ISO 19117:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:56:12 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standa
12、rdization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right t
13、o be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Sta
14、ndards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an In
15、ternational Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 1911
16、7 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics. BS ISO 19117:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:56:12 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI v Introduction This International Standard is an abstract document and is not intended for
17、direct implementation. It gives general guidelines to the application developers about the mechanism to be used to portray the feature instances of a dataset. The portrayal mechanism described makes it possible to have general rules valid for the whole dataset, and at the same time rules valid for a
18、 specific value of a feature attribute only. Different computer graphics standards use different attributes to visualize geometric primitives. For example, a line can be distinguished by thickness, width, colour, stippling, anti-aliasing, etc. This International Standard therefore includes a mechani
19、sm for declaring portrayal attributes as part of the portrayal specification. In some cases whole feature classes have to be referenced and portrayed in a specific way, e.g. as symbols on nautical charts. Several symbol standards exist, and without a portrayal standard the application would have to
20、set up a separate interface to each of these standards. With this International Standard all the supported symbol standards can be handled in a uniform way. BS ISO 19117:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:56:12 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI blank Licensed Cop
21、y: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:56:12 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 1 Geographic information Portrayal 1 Scope This International Standard defines a schema describing the portrayal of geographic information in a form understandable by humans. It includes the methodology fo
22、r describing symbols and mapping of the schema to an application schema. It does not include standardization of cartographic symbols, and their geometric and functional description. 2 Conformance Any portrayal catalogue and portrayal schema describing the portrayal of geographic information claiming
23、 conformance with this International Standard shall pass all the requirements of the abstract test suite presented in Annex A. 3 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For u
24、ndated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 19101, Geographic information Reference model ISO/TS 19103:1), Geographic information Conceptual schema language ISO 19107:2003, Geographic information Spatial schema ISO 19109:1), Geographic inf
25、ormation Rules for application schema ISO 19115:2003, Geographic information Metadata ISO/IEC 19501:2005, Information technology Open Distributed Processing Unified Modeling Language (UML) Version 1.4.2 4 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions ap
26、ply. 4.1 annotation any marking on illustrative material for the purpose of clarification NOTE Numbers, letters, symbols, and signs are examples of annotation. 1) To be published. BS ISO 19117:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:56:12 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c)
27、 BSI 2 4.2 class description of a set of objects that share the same attributes, operations, methods, relationships, and semantics ISO/TS 19103 NOTE A class may use a set of interfaces to specify collections of operations it provides to its environment. 4.3 curve 1-dimensional geometric primitive, r
28、epresenting the continuous image of a line ISO 19107 NOTE The boundary of a curve is the set of points at either end of the curve. The first point is called the start point, and the last is the end point. 4.4 dataset identifiable collection of data ISO 19115 NOTE The principles which apply to datase
29、ts may also be applied to dataset series and reporting groups. 4.5 external function function not part of the application schema NOTE The electronic map in a car navigation system has to be displayed so that the up-direction of the map is always in the direction the car is moving. To be able to spec
30、ify the rotation of the map, the current position of the car must be retrieved continuously from an external position device using an external function. 4.6 feature abstraction of real world phenomena ISO 19101 NOTE A feature may occur as a type or an instance. Feature type or feature instance shoul
31、d be used when only one is meant. 4.7 feature attribute characteristic of a feature ISO 19101 EXAMPLE 1 A feature attribute named colour may have an attribute value green which belongs to the data type text. EXAMPLE 2 A feature attribute named length may have an attribute value 82.4 which belongs to
32、 the data type real. NOTE 1 A feature attribute has a name, a data type, and a value domain associated with it. A feature attribute for a feature instance also has an attribute value taken from the value domain. NOTE 2 In a feature catalogue, a feature attribute may include a value domain but does n
33、ot specify attribute values for feature instances. BS ISO 19117:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:56:12 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 3 4.8 feature portrayal rule set collection of portrayal rules that apply to a feature instance 4.9 geographic information i
34、nformation concerning phenomena implicitly or explicitly associated with a location relative to the Earth ISO 19101 4.10 geometric primitive geometric object representing a single, connected, homogenous element of space ISO 19107 4.11 instance object that realizes a class ISO 19107 4.12 metadata dat
35、a about data ISO 19115 4.13 point 0-dimensional geometric primitive, representing a position ISO 19107 4.14 portrayal presentation of information to humans 4.15 portrayal catalogue collection of all defined portrayals 4.16 portrayal rule rule that is applied to the feature to determine what portraya
36、l specification to use 4.17 portrayal service generic interface used to portray features 4.18 portrayal specification collection of operations applied to the feature instance to portray it 4.19 spatial attribute feature attribute describing the spatial representation of the feature by coordinates, m
37、athematical functions and/or boundary topology relationships BS ISO 19117:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:56:12 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 4 4.20 surface 2-dimensional geometric primitive, locally representing a continuous image of a region of a plane I
38、SO 19107 5 Abbreviated terms OCL Object Constraint Language UML Unified Modeling Language URL Uniform Resource Locator (also called URI Uniform Resource Identifier) 6 Unified Modeling Language (UML) 6.1 Notations The diagrams that appear in this International Standard are presented using the UML sta
39、tic structure diagram with the basic types defined in ISO/TS 19103. The UML notations used in this International Standard are described in Figure 1. Figure 1 UML notations used in this International Standard BS ISO 19117:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:56:12 GMT+00:00
40、2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 5 6.2 UML model stereotypes A UML stereotype is an extension mechanism for existing UML concepts. It is a model element that is used to classify (or mark) other UML elements so that they in some respect behave as if they were instances of new virtual or pseudo metamo
41、del classes whose form is based on existing base metamodel classes. Stereotypes augment the classification mechanisms on the basis of the built-in UML metamodel class hierarchy. Below are brief descriptions of the stereotypes used in this International Standard; for more detailed descriptions consul
42、t ISO/TS 19103. In this International Standard the following stereotypes are used. Interface definition of a set of operations that is supported by objects having this interface. Type stereotyped class used for specification of a domain of instances (objects), together with the operations applicable
43、 to the objects. A type may have attributes and associations. MetaClass class whose instances are classes. Metaclasses are typically used in the construction of metamodels. Leaf package that contains definitions, without any sub-packages. 7 Portrayal mechanism 7.1 Introduction This International Sta
44、ndard defines a feature-centred rule-based portrayal mechanism. Instances of features are portrayed based on rules, which make use of geometry and attribute information. The relationship between the feature instances, attributes and the underlying spatial geometry is specified in an application sche
45、ma according to ISO 19109. Spatial geometry and associated topological relationships are defined in ISO 19107. Portrayal information is needed to portray a dataset containing geographic data. The portrayal information is handled as portrayal specifications applied according to specific portrayal rul
46、es (see Clause 8). The portrayal mechanism makes it possible to portray the same dataset in different ways without altering the dataset itself. The portrayal mechanism is illustrated by Figure 2. Figure 2 Portrayal mechanism without priority attributes BS ISO 19117:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sh
47、effieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 02:56:12 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 6 The portrayal specifications and portrayal rules shall not be part of the dataset. The portrayal rules shall be stored in a portrayal catalogue. The portrayal specifications shall be stored separately from the dataset an
48、d referenced from the portrayal rules. The portrayal rules shall be specified for the feature class or feature instances they will be applied on. The portrayal specifications may be stored externally and referenced using a universal reference standard such as a network based URL. Portrayal informati
49、on may be specified either by sending a portrayal catalogue and portrayal specifications with the dataset, or by referencing an existing portrayal catalogue and portrayal specifications from Metadata. In addition, the user may want to apply a user defined portrayal catalogue and portrayal specification. The model in Figure 3 shows how the portrayal catalogue is referenced by the dataset metadata. Only the metadata reference is shown an