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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 15629:2002 Pallets for materials handling Quality of fasteners for assembly of new and repair of used, flat, wooden pallets ICS 55.180.20 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 01:46:07 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 15629:2002 This Britis
2、h Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Consumer Products and Services Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 12 December 2002 BSI 12 December 2002 ISBN 0 580 40942 2 National foreword This British
3、 Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 15629:2002 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee PKW/5, Primary and transport packaging, to Subcommittee PKW/5/34, Pallets, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations
4、 represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, o
5、r by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer im
6、munity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate th
7、em in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 17 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.
8、 DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 01:46:07 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15629 First edition 2002-11-01 Reference number ISO 15629:2002(E) Pallets for materials handling Quality of fasteners for assembly of new and repair of
9、used, flat, wooden pallets Palettes pour la manutention et le transport de marchandises Qualit des lments de fixation pour lassemblage et la rparation des palettes en bois BS ISO 15629:2002 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 01:46:07 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS
10、ISO 15629:2002 ii Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 01:46:07 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 26512002:9)E( ISO 2002 r llAithgs reservde iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS
11、O member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, gove
12、rnmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC
13、Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of th
14、e elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 15629 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 51, Pallets for unit load method of materials handling. Annexes
15、A, B and C of this International Standard are for information only. BS ISO 15629:2002 iii Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 01:46:07 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO :92651(2002)E vi ISO 2002 Ar llithgr seresvde Introduction Efficient international transportation o
16、f products depends on both pallet strength and functionality, or fit, to the materials handling systems. Existing ISO standards address issues of strength and some issues regarding functionality of pallets. However, major issues related to the minimum material quality and manufacturing and repair wo
17、rkmanship are not addressed in current ISO standards. These factors may significantly impact the efficiency of international unit-load material handling. In November, 1996, ISO TC 51 approved a new work item “Timber Pallets for Materials Handling Quality of Component Assembly and Repair” and establi
18、shed WG 7 to prepare a document. This International Standard contains recommended minimum acceptable quality levels for mechanical fasteners used in the assembly of wooden pallets. Mechanical fasteners commonly used for the assembly of wooden pallets are classified as nails, staples, bolts and screw
19、s. The type and properties of fasteners affect pallet performance. This International Standard does not address safety problems, if any, associated with the use of these fasteners. It is the responsibility of the user of this International Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practice
20、s and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. This document addresses the current commercial difficulty in pallet manufacture, that there is no recognized means of defining pallet nails with regard to their quality and strength. Table 2 gives a guide as to strength qualit
21、ies for nails which are typically used in construction of very strong pallets as opposed to pallets designed for light loads. Actual nail diameter, profiles and strengths are the responsibility of the specifier and user who may find the full-scale pallet tests described in ISO 8611-1 of value. In Se
22、ptember 1999 it was decided to publish four related International Standards: ISO 15629:2002, Pallets for materials handling Quality of fasteners for assembly of new and repair of used, flat, wooden pallets ISO 18333, Pallets for materials handling Quality of new wooden components for flat pallets IS
23、O 18334, Pallets for materials handling Quality of assembly of new, wooden, flat pallets ISO 18613, Repair of flat wooden pallets BS ISO 15629:2002 iv Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 01:46:07 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ANRETNIITOTS LANDNADRAISO 26512002:9)E( IS
24、O 2002 r llAithgs reservde 1 Pallets for materials handling Quality of fasteners for assembly of new and repair of used, flat, wooden pallets 1Scope This International Standard gives guidelines on nails and staples used in the assembly of new and repair of used wooden flat pallets. For the purposes
25、of this International Standard the term fasteners applies to nails and staples only. This International Standard is prescriptive and performance-based and contains physical descriptions of fasteners as well as minimum recommended performance levels. For information on other fasteners such as bolts a
26、nd screws used in pallets, see ISO 445. 2Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications d
27、o not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Me
28、mbers of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 445, Pallets for materials handling Vocabulary ISO 12777-1, Methods of test for pallet joints Part 1: Determination of bending resistance of pallet nails, other dowel-type fasteners and staples ISO 12777-2, Metho
29、ds of test for pallet joints Part 2: Determination of withdrawal and head pull-through resistance of pallet nails and staples 3Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the terms and definitions given in ISO 445 apply together with the following. 3.1 fluted nail round wi
30、re nail with thread-crests parallel to the nail shank 4Nails and Staples 4.1Classification As used in pallets, nails are classified as plain- or smooth-shank, helical, annular ring, twisted or barbed. Staples have either round-wire or approximately square-wire legs, referring to the cross-sectional
31、shape of the wire. Nails and staples shall be specified using at least nail wire diameter, length, thread type and point type. These and other characteristics which affect pallet nail and staple performance are listed in Table 1. BS ISO 15629:2002 1 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon No
32、v 27 01:46:07 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO :92651(2002)E 2 ISO 2002 Ar llithgr seresvde 4.2Measurement of physical characteristics Methods of measuring the physical characteristics of nails and staples are described in annex A. When a complete assessment of fastener quality is requ
33、ired, separation resistance in accordance with ISO 12777-2 shall be determined by measuring both fastener shank withdrawal and head or crown pull-through. These tests shall include using wood specimens and specimen conditioning typical of those which occur during pallet use. 4.3Minimum acceptable pe
34、rformance The recommended minimum acceptable performance levels for nails and staples are specified in Table 2. Annex B is a correlation between the static bending resistance values reported in Table 2 and the MIBANT impact bend test as described in ISO 12777-1. NOTE 1Tests of joints containing mult
35、iple fasteners are described in ISO 12777-3. NOTE 2Pallet fasteners are sometimes coated. These coatings are intended to: increase corrosion resistance; improve separation resistance; improve drivability. The effect of coatings on fastener performance shall be evaluated using tests described in ISO
36、12777-2. Table 1 Physical and mechanical characteristics of nails and staples used in pallets Nails Shank profilesStaples Plain (smooth)HelicalAnnular Square twisted barbed Round wireSquare wire Length nail (wire) diameter Length nail (wire) diameter Length nail (wire) diameter Length nail (wire) di
37、ametera Length staple leg diameter Length Staple leg width and thickness Head diameterHead diameterHead diameterHead diameterCrown lengthCrown length Thread lengthThread length Thread-crest diameter Thread-crest diameter Flute-crest diameter Number of helixesNumber of ringsNumber of helixes Number o
38、f flutesNumber of flutes Type of pointType of pointType of pointType of pointType of pointType of point Bending resistance Bending resistance Bending resistanceBending resistanceBending resistance Bending resistance a The nail (wire) diameter is the thread crest diameter. BS ISO 15629:2002 2 License
39、d Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 01:46:07 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 26512002:9)E( ISO 2002 r llAithgs reservde 3 Table 2 Recommended minimum quality of staples and nailsa Minimum separation resistanceb per fastener Minimum bending resistancec per fastener Minimum
40、ratio of nail head/nail (wire) diameter Minimum staple crown length Performance leveld123123 Block or stringer fasteners 2,00 (leg width or diameter) Clinched mat fasteners 2,00 (leg width or diameter) a The quality levels represent those of pallet fasteners successfully used. It is the responsibili
41、ty of the pallet specifier to determine the appropriate fastener quality necessary for use. b Determined in accordance with ISO 12777-2 by measuring both fastener shank withdrawal and head or crown pull-through resistance. c Determined in accordance with ISO 12777-1. d Performance level refers to re
42、lative levels of pallet structural durability or resistance to rough handling during pallet use. Levels 1, 2, and 3 refer to fastener quality levels for use in reusable pallets of respectively high, medium and low levels of structural durability. 2 000 N1 000 N600 N6,0 Nm5,4 Nm3,5 Nm 9,5 mm+2 1 000
43、N500 N250 N2,5 Nm2,2 Nm1,6 Nm 9,5 mm+2 BS ISO 15629:2002 3 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 01:46:07 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO :92651(2002)E 4 ISO 2002 Ar llithgr seresvde Annex A (informative) Methods of measuring pallet nail and staple physical characteri
44、stics A.1Sampling A random sample of at least twelve (12) specimens per “lot” of fasteners is recommended. Average values and an appropriate measure of statistical dispersion should be reported. NOTEA “lot” consists of fasteners of a single shipment of the same specification and produced during a si
45、ngle continuous production run. A.2Fastener length A.2.1Nails The nail length ( ) is the distance, measured parallel to the nail-shank axis, from the top of the head to the tip of the point, as shown in Figure A.1. For this measurement, a caliper or ruler is used to measure to the nearest . A.2.2Sta
46、ples The staple length ( ) is the distance, measured parallel to the staple-leg axis, from the bottom of the crown to the tip of the point, as shown in Figure A.2. For this measurement, a caliper or ruler is used to measure to the nearest . A.3Thread length The thread length () is the continuous dis
47、tance from the top end of the thread along the nail shank to the top of the point or the bottom end of the thread, as shown in Figure A.3. If the thread is not continuous, i.e. interrupted, the thread length is the length of the threaded portions of the nail shank penetrating the nailing member to t
48、he required depth. The thread length is measured with a caliper or ruler to the nearest . A.4Nail or staple wire diameter A.4.1Plain, helical barbed and annular round-wire nails The wire diameter ( ) is the distance across the non-threaded portion of the nail shank away from the gripper marks, as sh
49、own in Figure A.4. The wire diameter is measured using a micrometer to the nearest . If the nail is coated, the coating should be carefully removed where the measurement is to be made. Figure A.1 Schematic diagram of nail length measurement l 0,5 mm L 0,5 mm LT 0,5 mm d 0,025 mm BS ISO 15629:2002 4 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 01:46:07 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 26512002:9)E( ISO 200