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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 7475:2002 Mechanical vibration Balancing machines Enclosures and other protective measures for the measuring station ICS 21.120.40 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 06:31:37 GMT+00:00
2、2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 7475:2002 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2002 BSI 30 April 2002 ISBN 0 580 39
3、495 6 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 7475:2002 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee GME/21, Mechanical vibration and shock, to Subcommittee, GME/21/8, Balancing and balancing termi
4、nology, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards
5、Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for th
6、eir correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK inter
7、ests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 23 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in th
8、is document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 06:31:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference number ISO 7475:2002(E) ISO 0022 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7475 Sec
9、ond edition 2002-03-01 Mechanical vibration Balancing machines Enclosures and other protective measures for the measuring station Vibrations mcaniques Machines quilibrer Enceintes et autres mesures de protection pour le poste de mesurage Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 06:31:3
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15、ov 26 06:31:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 7475:2002(E) iii Contents Page Foreword.iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 List of significant hazards 1 4.1 General1 4.2 Risk assessment1 4.3 Access to balancing machine 2 5 Safety requirement
16、s and/or protective measures2 5.1 General requirements2 5.2 Specific requirements.5 6 Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures.5 7 Information for use8 7.1 General requirements8 7.2 Instruction handbook9 7.3 Marking.9 Annex A (normative) Class C enclosure selection11 Annex B (i
17、nformative) Equipment for impact tests .19 Annex C (informative) Examples of protection classes20 Bibliography23 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 06:31:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 7475:2002(E) iv ISO 2002 Allir thgser se devr Foreword ISO (the Internationa
18、l Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been es
19、tablished has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardi
20、zation. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for vot
21、ing. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying
22、any or all such patent rights. ISO 7475 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration and shock, Subcommittee SC 1, Balancing, including balancing machines. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 7475:1984) and the technical corrigendum, of which it co
23、nstitutes a technical revision. Major chances to the previous edition are expanding the permissible particle velocity range, using the area-specific energy of a particle as criterion for the capability of the enclosure material to hold a particle which leaves the rotor, taking the absolute energy of
24、 a particle as criterion for the strength of the fastening of the whole enclosure or of its components, considering the impulse of a particle when it hits a free-standing enclosure, and adding other safety aspects that are intrinsic to balancing machines and are related to the integrity of the opera
25、tor. This International Standard follows the rules for drafting and presentation of a machinery-related safety standard as they are mandatory in European Standards, and gives verification procedures for the safety requirements. Annex A constitutes a normative part of this International Standard. Ann
26、exes B and C are for information only. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 06:31:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 7475:2002(E) ISO 2002 Allir thgser sedevr v Introduction In designing and using balancing machines, efforts are made to minimize hazards arising from
27、the use of the machines themselves. Rising demand for still greater safety in the working environment, however, requires additional protection, especially with respect to the rotor to be balanced. Potential hazards to the balancing machine operator or the surrounding workshop area may exist, for exa
28、mple, by personnel coming into contact with machine components or the rotor, by rotor components or unbalance correction masses detaching and flying off, or by the rotor lifting from the supports or disintegrating. These potential hazards may theoretically increase with rotor size and balancing spee
29、d, but they are generally minimized by appropriate rotor design and balancing instructions. Special-purpose balancing machines, for example those used in the mass production automotive industry, normally incorporate all necessary protective measures because the workpiece, as well as the operating co
30、nditions of the machine, are known and can be taken into account by the machine manufacturer. For multipurpose balancing machines, however, where the workpieces to be balanced are generally unknown to the machine manufacturer, and are thus beyond his control, basic protective measures are limited to
31、 obvious hazards, for example end-drive coupling and/or drive belt covers. Therefore the user of the balancing machine has to state the possible hazards originating in his rotors in order to allow the balancing machine manufacturer to supply equivalent protective measures, or the user has to provide
32、 adequate protective measures on his own. When these rotors are not known in advance e.g. in service and repair a good estimation is needed. Table A.2 states typical values for different balancing machine sizes. But for each individual rotor to be balanced, the user should check if the protective me
33、asures cover all hazards. Most local regulations require certain minimum protective measures to be taken. Observance of such requirements in conjunction with the recommendations contained in this International Standard will generally provide an adequate measure of protection to the balancing machine
34、 operator and surrounding workshop personnel. There may be applications, however, where the recommended enclosures or other protective measures are so costly, or their use so time-consuming, that other protective precautions, such as vacating the surrounding area for a sufficient distance, remote co
35、ntrol of the balancing facility, or work outside normal hours, etc., have to be considered. The consideration of accident probability can be important if a rotor needs to be balanced or spin-tested at or above its service speed, where major rotor failure cannot be excluded with as much certainty as
36、during low-speed balancing. Maximum service and spin-test speeds are generally well below the speed where major rotor failure can be expected. On the other hand, a rotor being balanced at low speed may consist of an assembly of several components, such as a bladed turbine wheel. It is then important
37、 to consider whether an enclosure for low-speed balancing should withstand penetration of a turbine blade, or whether it is sufficient to protect against unbalance correction masses that might fly off during balancing. If the probability of blade separation is practically non-existent, a light enclo
38、sure, which just protects against correction masses, may be sufficient. Since this International Standard deals with balancing machines and protective measures in general, no details of the risk can be stated for specific rotor types and balancing facilities. Individual investigations, based on actu
39、al rotor parameters, will probably be required in each specific case. In this connection, risk analysis of possible accidents should include the characteristics of the balancing machine itself. For the extent of the ensuing damages, it may be of decisive importance to know how much unbalance can be
40、endured by its supports and bearings due to partial rotor failure, for example rotor components becoming detached. The significant hazards covered by this International Standard are those listed in clause 4. The safety requirements and/or protective measures to prevent or minimize those hazards iden
41、tified in Table 1 and procedures for verification of these requirements or protective measures are found in clause 5. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 06:31:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 06:31:37 GMT+00:00 2
42、006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7475:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved 1 Mechanical vibration Balancing machines Enclosures and other protective measures for the measuring station 1 Scope This International Standard specifies requirements for enclosures and other protec
43、tive measures used to minimize mechanical hazards produced by the rotor in the unbalance measuring station of centrifugal (rotational) balancing machines. The hazards are associated with the operation of balancing machines under a variety of rotor and balancing conditions. This International Standar
44、d defines different classes of protection that enclosures and other protective measures provide and describes the limits of applicability for each class of protection. Devices for adjusting the mass distribution of a rotor and devices to transfer the rotor are not covered by this International Stand
45、ard, even if they are combined with the measuring station. Special enclosure features, such as noise reduction, windage reduction or vacuum (which may be required to spin bladed rotors at balancing speed), are not covered by this International Standard. 2 Normative references The following normative
46、 documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are
47、encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. I
48、SO 1925, Mechanical vibration Balancing Vocabulary ISO 2041, Vibration and shock Vocabulary ISO 2806, Industrial automation systems Numerical control of machines Vocabulary ISO 4849, Personal eye-protectors Specifications 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the t
49、erms and definitions given in ISO 1925 and ISO 2041 apply. 4 List of significant hazards 4.1 General Significant hazards identified at measuring stations of centrifugal (rotational) balancing machines are listed in Table 1 together with examples of associated hazardous situations, activities and danger zones. 4.2 Risk assessment The user of this International Standard (i.e. the user, designer, manufacturer or supplier) shall conduct a risk assessment. As part of the risk assessment, the user of this International Standa