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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 420:1994 Implementation of ISO 420:1994 Photography Processing chemicals Specifications for potassium bromide ICS 37.040.30 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:35:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 420:1994 This British Standard, having
2、 been prepared under the direction of the Consumer Products and Services Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 March 1995 BSI 02-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference CPM/14 Draft for co
3、mment 92/38218 DC ISBN 0 580 23902 0 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Consumer Products and Services Sector Board to Technical Committee CPM/14, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Institute of Non-de
4、structive Testing British Photographic Association Chemical Industries Association Department of the Environment (Water Directorate) Royal Photographic Society Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:35:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Unc
5、ontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 420:1994 BSI 02-2000i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover National forewordii Forewordiv Text of ISO 4201 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:35:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 420:1994 ii BSI 02-2000 Nation
6、al foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 420:1994 and implements it as the UK national standard. This British Standard is published under the direction of the Consumer Products and Services Sector Board whose Technical Committee CPM/14 has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to und
7、erstand the text; present to the responsible international committee any enquiries on interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. NOTEInternational and European Standards, as well as o
8、verseas standards, are available from Customer Services, BSI, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard
9、 does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 5 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendment
10、s incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:35:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:35:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) B
11、SI ISO 420:1994(E) ii BSI 02-2000 Contents Page Forewordiv Introduction1 1Scope1 2Normative references1 3General2 3.1Physical properties2 3.2Hazardous properties2 3.3Storage2 4Requirements2 5Reagents and glassware2 6Sampling2 7Test methods2 7.1Assay2 7.1.1Specification2 7.1.2Reagents3 7.1.3Apparatus
12、3 7.1.4Procedure3 7.1.5Expression of results3 7.2Insoluble matter content3 7.2.1Specification3 7.2.2Procedure3 7.3Heavy metals content3 7.3.1Specification3 7.3.2Procedure3 7.4Iron content3 7.4.1Specification3 7.4.2Procedure3 7.5Halide content3 7.5.1Specification3 7.5.2Reagents3 7.5.3Procedure4 7.6Al
13、kalinity4 7.6.1Specification4 7.6.2Procedure4 7.7Acidity4 7.7.1Specification4 7.7.2Procedure4 7.8Volatile matter4 7.8.1Specification4 7.8.2Procedure4 7.9Sulfide content4 7.9.1Specification4 7.9.2Procedure4 7.10Iodide content4 7.10.1 Specification4 7.10.2 Reagents4 7.10.3 Procedure4 7.11Oxidizing sub
14、stances content4 7.11.1 Specification4 7.11.2 Reagent4 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:35:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 420:1994(E) BSI 02-2000iii Page 7.11.3 Procedure5 7.12Appearance of solution5 7.12.1 Specification5 7.12.2 Procedure5 Table 1 Summary
15、of requirements2 Descriptors: Photography, photographic materials, photographic chemicals, potassium bromide, specifications, materials specifications, purity criteria, tests, chemicals analysis. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:35:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) B
16、SI ISO 420:1994(E) iv BSI 02-2000 Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body int
17、erested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnic
18、al Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. I
19、nternational Standard ISO 420 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 42, Photography. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 420:1976), which has been technically revised. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:35:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy,
20、(c) BSI ISO 420:1994(E) BSI 02-20001 Introduction 0.1 This International Standard is one of a series that establishes criteria of purity for chemicals used in processing photographic materials. General test methods and procedures cited in this International Standard are compiled in parts 1, 3, 5, 6,
21、 7, 8 and 10 of ISO 10349. This International Standard is intended for use by individuals with a working knowledge of analytical techniques, which may not always be the case. Some of the procedures utilize caustic, toxic or otherwise hazardous chemicals. Safe laboratory practice for the handling of
22、chemicals requires the use of safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves and other protective apparel such as face masks or aprons where appropriate. Normal precautions required in the performance of any chemical procedure are to be exercised at all times but care has been taken to provide warnings fo
23、r hazardous materials. Hazard warnings designated by a letter enclosed in angle brackets, , are used as a reminder in those steps detailing handling operations and are defined in ISO 10349-1. More detailed information regarding hazards, handling and use of these chemicals may be available from the m
24、anufacturer. 0.2 This International Standard provides chemical and physical requirements for the suitability of a photographic-grade chemical. The tests correlate with undesirable photographic effects. Purity requirements are set as low as possible consistent with these photographic effects. These c
25、riteria are considered the minimum requirements necessary to assure sufficient purity for use in photographic processing solutions, except that if the purity of a commonly available grade of chemical exceeds photographic processing requirements and if there is no economic penalty in its use, the pur
26、ity requirements have been set to take advantage of the availability of the higher-quality material. Every effort has been made to keep the number of requirements to a minimum. Inert impurities are limited to amounts which will not unduly reduce the assay. All tests are performed on samples “as rece
27、ived” to reflect the condition of materials furnished for use. Although the ultimate criterion for suitability of such a chemical is its successful performance in an appropriate use test, the shorter, more economical test methods described in this International Standard are generally adequate. Assay
28、 procedures have been included in all cases where a satisfactory method is available. An effective assay requirement serves not only as a safeguard of chemical purity but also as a valuable complement to the identity test. Identity tests have been included whenever a possibility exists that another
29、chemical or mixture of chemicals could pass the other tests. All requirements listed in clause 4 are mandatory. The physical appearance of the material and any footnotes are for general information only and are not part of the requirements. 0.3 Efforts have been made to employ tests which are capabl
30、e of being run in any normally equipped laboratory and, wherever possible, to avoid tests which require highly specialized equipment or techniques. Instrumental methods have been specified only as alternative methods or alone in those cases where no other satisfactory method is available. Over the p
31、ast few years, great improvements have been made in instrumentation for various analyses. Where such techniques have equivalent or greater precision, they may be used in place of the tests described in this International Standard. Correlation of such alternative procedures with the given method is t
32、he responsibility of the user. In case of disagreement in results, the method called for in the specification shall prevail. Where a requirement states “to pass test”, however, alternative methods shall not be used. 1 Scope This International Standard establishes criteria for the purity of photograp
33、hic-grade potassium bromide and specifies the test methods to be used to determine the purity. 2 Normative references The following International Standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the
34、editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of curre
35、ntly valid International Standards ISO 10349-1:1992, Photography Photographic-grade chemicals Test methods Part 1: General. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:35:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 420:1994(E) 2 BSI 02-2000 ISO 10349-3:1992, Photography Photograp
36、hic-grade chemicals Test methods Part 3: Determination of matter insoluble in ammonium hydroxide solution. ISO 10349-5:1992, Photography Photographic-grade chemicals Test methods Part 5: Determination of heavy metals and iron content. ISO 10349-6:1992, Photography Photographic-grade chemicals Test m
37、ethods Part 6: Determination of halide content. ISO 10349-7:1992, Photography Photographic-grade chemicals Test methods Part 7: Determination of alkalinity or acidity. ISO 10349-8:1992, Photography Photographic-grade chemicals Test methods Part 8: Determination of volatile matter. ISO 10349-10:1992,
38、 Photography Photographic-grade chemicals Test methods Part 10: Determination of sulfide content. 3 General 3.1 Physical properties Potassium bromide (KBr) exists in the form of white crystals or a crystalline powder. It has a relative molecular mass of 119,00. 3.2 Hazardous properties Potassium bro
39、mide is not hazardous when handled with normal precautions. 3.3 Storage Potassium bromide shall be stored in a closed container at room temperature. 4 Requirements A summary of the requirements is shown in Table 1. 5 Reagents and glassware All reagents, materials and glassware shall conform to the r
40、equirements specified in ISO 10349-1 unless otherwise noted. The hazard warning symbols used as a reminder in those steps detailing handling operations are defined in ISO 10349-1. These symbols are used to provide information to the user and are not meant to provide conformance with hazardous labell
41、ing requirements, as these vary from country to country. 6 Sampling See ISO 10349-1. 7 Test methods 7.1 Assay 7.1.1 Specification Content of KBr shall be between 99,0 % (m/m) min. and 100,3 % (m/m) max. Table 1 Summary of requirements TestLimitSubclause International Standard in which test method is
42、 given Assay Insoluble matter (as precipitate of calcium and magnesium in ammonium hydroxide) Heavy metals (as Pb) Iron (Fe) Halides (as KCl) Alkalinity (as KOH) Acidity (as HBr) Volatile matter Sulfide (as K2S) Iodide Oxidizing substances Appearance of solution 99,0 % (m/m) min. 100,3 % (m/m) max.
43、0,3 % (m/m) max. 0,002 % (m/m) max. 0,002 % (m/m) max. 0,50 % (m/m) max. 0,015 % (m/m) max. 0,010 % (m/m) max. 0,3 % (m/m) max. 0,000 8 % (m/m) max. To pass test To pass test Clear and free from insoluble matter except for a slight flocculence 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 7.10 7.11 7.12 ISO 4
44、20 ISO 10349-3 ISO 10349-5 ISO 10349-5 ISO 10349-6 ISO 10349-7 ISO 10349-7 ISO 10349-8 ISO 10349-10 ISO 420 ISO 420 ISO 420 NOTEm/m = mass/mass Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:35:43 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 420:1994(E) BSI 02-20003 7.1.2 Reagents 7.1.2
45、.1 Nitric acid, HNO3(1 + 9)1)2). 7.1.2.2 Ammonium iron(III) sulfate, (NH4)Fe(SO4)2, 50 g/l. 7.1.2.3 Silver nitrate, AgNO3, standard volumetric solution of 0,100 mol/l (16,987 g/l)3). 7.1.2.4 Ammonium thiocyanate, NH4SCN, standard volumetric solution of 0,100 mol/l (7,612 g/l)3). 7.1.3 Apparatus 7.1.
46、3.1 Burette, of 50 ml capacity. 7.1.3.2 Pipette, of 50 ml capacity. 7.1.4 Procedure Weigh, to the nearest 0,001 g, a test portion of about 0,4 g of the sample and dissolve it in 50 ml of water. Add 5 ml of the nitric acid (7.1.2.1), followed by 50 ml of the silver nitrate (7.1.2.3), using the pipett
47、e (7.1.3.2). Shake well, add 2 ml of the ammonium iron(III) sulfate (7.1.2.2) and titrate the excess silver ions with the ammonium thiocyanate (7.1.2.4) to the first persistent colour change. 7.1.5 Expression of results The assay, expressed as a percentage by mass of KBr, is given by 11,90(50c1 c2V)
48、/m NOTE 1The assay limit is based on materials as received and is not corrected for potassium chloride content. The presence of potassium chloride will increase the assay value; i.e. 1 g of potassium chloride is equivalent to 1,6 g of potassium bromide. 7.2 Insoluble matter content (as a precipitate
49、 of calcium and magnesium in ammonium hydroxide) 7.2.1 Specification Maximum content of insoluble matter shall be 0,3 % (m/m). 7.2.2 Procedure Determine the percentage of insoluble matter in accordance with ISO 10349-3. 7.3 Heavy metals content (as Pb) 7.3.1 Specification Maximum content of heavy metals shall be 0,002 % (m/m). 7.3.2 Procedure NOTE 2The standard for the iron test (7.4) is prepared in the same way as the heavy metals standard. Determine the percentage of heavy metals in accordance with ISO 10349-5. Use a