《BS-ISO-16432-2006.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《BS-ISO-16432-2006.pdf（24页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 16432:2006 Resistance welding Procedure for projection welding of uncoated and coated low carbon steels using embossed projection(s) ICS 25.160.10 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:41:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 16432:2006 Th
2、is British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 15 February 2006 BSI 15 February 2006 ISBN 0 580 47829 7 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 16432:2006 and implements it as the UK national standard. It supersedes BS
3、ISO 2630:1982 which is withdrawn. WEE/29, Resistance welding, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this docu
4、ment may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract.
5、 Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for ch
6、ange, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 15 and a back cover. The BSI copyrig
7、ht notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:41:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Unc
8、ontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference number ISO 16432:2006(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16432 First edition 2006-02-01 Resistance welding Procedure for projection welding of uncoated and coated low carbon steels using embossed projection(s) Soudage par rsistance Procdure pour le soudage par bossage(s)
9、 embouti(s) des aciers bas carbone revtus et non revtus BS ISO 16432:2006 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:41:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:41:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iii Conte
10、nts Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references. 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Symbols. 2 5 Materials 2 5.1 Form. 2 5.2 Steel grades. 3 5.3 Surface conditions 3 6 Component design and manufacture. 3 6.1 Component design . 3 6.1.1 General. 3 6.1.2 Placement of projections. 3 6
11、.2 Projection dimensions . 4 6.2.1 General. 4 6.2.2 Dissimilar sheet thickness. 4 6.2.3 Multi-weld arrays. 5 6.3 Ancillary manufacturing considerations 5 7 Welding equipment. 5 7.1 Welding machine 5 7.2 Electrode assembly (tooling). 5 7.3 Design of electrode assembly. 5 7.3.1 Contact face 5 7.3.2 El
12、ectrode inserts. 5 7.3.3 Electrode cooling 6 7.3.4 Location of components (tooling). 6 7.3.5 Tooling design considerations 6 8 Weld assessment Type tests 6 8.1 General. 6 8.2 Test requirements. 7 8.2.1 Weld diameter . 7 8.2.2 Weld fracture mode 7 8.2.3 Weld strength 7 8.2.4 Visual and metallographic
13、 examination. 8 8.3 Weld appearance Surface condition 8 8.4 Distortion. 8 9 Weld assessment Routine tests. 8 9.1 General. 8 9.2 Frequency of testing. 9 10 Repair of non-conforming assemblies. 9 Annex A (informative) Recommendations for projection welding equipment. 10 Annex B (informative) Relations
14、hip between sheet thickness and projection diameter (derived from ISO 8167) 11 Annex C (informative) Typical projection welding conditions. 12 Annex D (informative) Partial list of steel types applicable to the standard 14 Bibliography. 15 BS ISO 16432:2006 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na
15、, Sun Nov 26 11:41:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technica
16、l committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely wit
17、h the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft Inter
18、national Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may
19、 be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 16432 was prepared by the International Institute of Welding, recognized as an international standardizing body in the field of welding in accordance with Council Resolution 42/1999
20、. BS ISO 16432:2006 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:41:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI v Introduction Requests for official interpretations of provisions in this standard should be made in writing and sent to the ISO Central Secretariat who will forward them t
21、o the IIW Secretariat for an official response. BS ISO 16432:2006 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:41:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:41:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 1 Resistance w
22、elding Procedure for projection welding of uncoated and coated low carbon steels using embossed projection(s) 1 Scope This International Standard specifies requirements for embossed-resistance-projection welding in the fabrication of assemblies of uncoated and metallic coated low carbon steel compri
23、sing two thicknesses of metal, where the maximum single sheet thickness of components to be welded is within the range 0,4 mm to 3 mm for the following materials: uncoated steels; hot-dip zinc or iron-zinc alloy (galvannealed) coated steel; electrolytic zinc, zinc-iron, or zinc-nickel coated steel;
24、aluminium coated steel; zinc-aluminium coated steel. Organic-coated or primer-coated steels are not covered by this International Standard. Guidelines for appropriate welding equipment and projection welding conditions for various coated steels are given in Annexes A to C. These are for guidance onl
25、y and may need to be adapted to suit the specified service conditions of the fabrication, prevailing production conditions, type of welding equipment, mechanical and electrical characteristics of the welding machine, electrode configuration, and material. These requirements shall be taken from the r
26、elevant welding procedure specification for the application or procedure, where these exist. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edit
27、ion of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 669, Resistance welding Resistance welding equipment Mechanical and electrical requirements ISO 5182:1991, Welding Materials for resistance welding electrodes and ancillary equipment ISO 8167, Projections for resistance welding I
28、SO 10447, Welding Peel and chisel testing of resistance spot, projection and seam welds ISO 14270, Specimen dimensions and procedure for mechanized peel testing resistance spot, seam and embossed projection welds ISO 14272, Specimen dimensions and procedure for cross tension testing resistance spot
29、and embossed projection welds BS ISO 16432:2006 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:41:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 2 ISO 14273, Specimen dimensions and procedure for shear testing resistance spot, seam and embossed projection welds ISO 14329, Resistance weldin
30、g Destructive tests of welds Failure types and geometric measurements for resistance spot, seam and projection welds ISO 15609-5, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials Welding procedure specification Part 5: Resistance welding ISO 15614-12, Specification and qu
31、alification of welding procedures for metallic materials Welding procedure test Part 12: Spot, seam and projection welding 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 669 and ISO 14329 and the following apply. 3.1 edge distance minimum distance f
32、rom the nearest edge of the component to the centre of the weld 3.2 embossed projection projection in a sheet used for welding and produced by mechanical force using a punch to displace a predetermined amount of material into a cavity NOTE See ISO 8167 for use on different sheet thicknesses. 3.3 pro
33、jection base diameter diameter of an embossed projection measured at the original surface of the stamped sheet NOTE See ISO 8167. 3.4 weld pitch distance between centres of adjacent projections 4 Symbols Symbol Term Unit d weld diameter mm db nominal-projection base diameter mm Ps shear strength of
34、weld kN Rm ultimate tensile strength of steel MPa t sheet thickness mm 5 Materials 5.1 Form The steel shall be flat rolled, in coils or cut to length, and shall be free of harmful imperfections. BS ISO 16432:2006 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:41:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontr
35、olled Copy, (c) BSI 3 5.2 Steel grades A partial list of steel grades to which this International Standard is applicable is given in Annex D. 5.3 Surface conditions Prior to welding, all surfaces of components to be projection welded shall be free of contaminants such as grease, scale, corrosion pro
36、ducts, paint, dirt or excessive pitting. This condition shall be maintained until the welding process is completed. Uncoated hot-rolled steel shall be in the pickled condition. Certain surface treatments, such as the application of paint primers, rust preventions and oils, may be applied before weld
37、ing, provided that the coating is uniform in thickness and it has been demonstrated that consistent welds, conforming to this International Standard, can be obtained. Excessive use of surface pre-treatments may adversely affect electrode life and should therefore be avoided. Coated steels can be sup
38、plied with a chromate or phosphate passivation treatment. Phosphated mild steel may be used in certain applications. These materials can be projection welded, although the welding parameters outlined in Annex B may require appropriate adjustment. Generally, more care needs to be taken in selecting w
39、elding conditions, particularly with multiple projections. Materials with thicker coatings are more difficult to weld. 6 Component design and manufacture 6.1 Component design 6.1.1 General The components/joints shall be designed and manufactured to provide adequate matching flange conditions, free f
40、rom potentially harmful physical deformations to accommodate the projections used in the welding process. The design shall allow unimpeded collapse of the projections during welding, and provide proper access for the electrodes and any necessary tooling. The procedure shall include provision for rev
41、iewing the design as a result of tests, to ensure that compliance with this International Standard is achieved. Single or multiple projection arrays may be specified, provided the appropriate welding practices can be maintained. The design of the assembly to be projection welded shall take into acco
42、unt the process requirements specified in Clause 7. The shape of both components shall be such that there is proper contact between the projections and the surface to be welded, to allow unimpeded collapse in response to the welding process. 6.1.2 Placement of projections The placement of embossed p
43、rojections from the edge of a component is a function of the projection base diameter (db), and hence the sheet thickness (t). The edge distance shall not be less than 1,25 db as shown in Figure 1. It should be noted that short edge distances may adversely affect weld quality. In this case, the nomi
44、nal weld size may need to be specified below the value given in 8.2.1 and allowance for a lower weld strength shall be made in the design (see 8.2.3). The weld pitch (see Figure 1), shall not be less than 4,5 db, and preferably larger. To avoid imbalance of weld sizes in a multiple array, large pitc
45、h variations shall be avoided. The linear pitch should be maintained within 10 %, provided the interweld distance does not fall below the specified minimum value. BS ISO 16432:2006 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:41:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 4 Key db Nom
46、inal-projection base diameter Figure 1 Recommended edge conditions and weld pitch 6.2 Projection dimensions 6.2.1 General Round embossed projections shall be in accordance with ISO 8167. Where a number of projection welds (an array) are welded in one operation, the height of each individual projecti
47、on of this group on the component shall not vary by more than 5 % and the spacing should provide for an even current distribution for the whole group or array. Elongated projections may replace standard round projections. In this case, the minor axis shall be equal to the diameter of the round proje
48、ction specified for the sheet thickness specified in ISO 8167. The size and shape of the projection shall be designed to give the required weld area or strength. The projection strength should be capable of supporting the applied load without excessive cold collapse; i.e. the maximum permissible red
49、uction in projection height shall not exceed 20 %. 6.2.2 Dissimilar sheet thickness When welding sheets of dissimilar thickness, the dimensions of the projections shall be specified for the thinner of the two sheets. The projection(s) should be made in the thicker sheet. BS ISO 16432:2006 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 11:41:44 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 5 6.2.3 Multi-weld arrays In applications where more than one projecti