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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 13934-2:1999 Textiles Tensile properties of fabrics Part 2: Determination of maximum force using the grab method The European Standard EN ISO 13934-2:1999 has the status of a British Standard ICS 59.080.30 BS EN ISO 13934-2:1999 This British Standard, having been prepared
2、under the direction of the Sector Committee for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 May 1999 BSI 03-2000 ISBN 0 580 32514 8 National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN ISO 13934-2:1999. It
3、 is identical with ISO 13934-2:1999. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TCI/24, Physical testing of textiles, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on
4、the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references Attention is dra
5、wn to the fact that CEN and CENELEC Standards normally include an annex which lists normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications. The British Standards which implement these international or European publications may be found in the BSI Standards
6、Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for th
7、eir correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN ISO title page, pages 2 to 10 and a back cover. This standard has been updated
8、(see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments BS EN ISO 13934-2:1999 BSI 03-2000i Contents Page National forewordInside front cover Foreword2 Text of EN
9、ISO 13934-23 ii blank EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 139134-2 February 1999 ICS 59.080.30 Descriptors: Textiles, textile products, fabrics, mechanical tests, tension tests, pull-out tests, determination, break load, specimen preparation English version Textiles Tensile prop
10、erties of fabrics Part 2: Determination of maximum force using the grab method (ISO 13934-2:1999) Textiles Proprits des toffes en traction Partie 2: Dtermination de la force maximale par la mthode darrachement (Grab test) (ISO 13934-2:1999) Textilien Zugeigenschaften von textilen Flchengebilden Teil
11、 2: Bestimmung der Hchstzugkraft mit dem Grab-Zugversuch (ISO 13934-2:1999) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 November 1998. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a natio
12、nal standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any
13、 other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, German
14、y, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1999 CEN All
15、 rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 13934-2:1999 E EN ISO 13934-2:1999 BSI 03-2000 2 Foreword The text of EN ISO 13934-2:1999 has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 248 “Textiles and textile products”, the secreta
16、riat of which is held by BSI, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 38 “Textiles”. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 1999, and conflicting national standards shall
17、be withdrawn at the latest by August 1999. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland,
18、Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword2 Introduction3 1Scope3 2Normatives References3 3Definitions3 4Principle3 5Sampling4 6Apparatus4 7Atmosphere for conditioning and testing4 8Preparation of test specimens4 9Proce
19、dure5 10Calculation and expression of results5 11Test report6 Annex A (informative) Suggested procedure for sampling7 Annex B (informative) Locations of test specimens cut from a laboratory sample8 Annex C (informative) Arrangements of jaws for grab test9 Annex D (informative) Bibliography10 Figure
20、B.1 Locations of the test specimens cut from a laboratory sample8 Figure C.1 Arrangements of jaws for grab test9 Table A.1 Bulk sample7 EN ISO 13934-2:1999 BSI 03-20003 Introduction This part of EN ISO 13934 has been prepared in the context of several test methods for determination of certain mechan
21、ical properties of textiles using mainly tensile testing machines, e.g. tensile properties, seam tensile properties, tear properties, seam slippage. The procedures for these International Standards agree where appropriate. The results obtained by one of the methods should not be compared with those
22、obtained by the other methods. See Annex D for informative references. This edition cancels and replaces ISO 5082:1982. EN ISO 13934 consists of the following parts, under the general title Textiles Tensile properties of fabrics: Part 1: Determination of maximum force and elongation at maximum force
23、 using the strip method Part 2: Determination of maximum force using the grab method Annex A, Annex B, Annex C and Annex D of this part of EN ISO 13934 are for information only. 1 Scope This part of EN ISO 13934 specifies a procedure for the determination of maximum force of textile fabrics known as
24、 the grab test. NOTEPart 1 of EN ISO 13934 describes the method known as the strip test. For informative references see Annex D. The method is mainly applicable to woven textile fabrics. It may be applicable to fabrics produced by other techniques. It is not normally applicable to woven elastic fabr
25、ics, geotextiles, nonwovens, coated fabrics, textile-glass woven fabrics and fabrics made from carbon fibres or polyolefin tape yarns (see Annex D). The method specifies the determination of the maximum force of test specimens in equilibrium with the standard atmosphere for testing and of test speci
26、mens in the wet state. The method is restricted to the use of constant rate of extension (CRE) testing machines. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication,
27、the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of c
28、urrently valid International Standards. EN 20139, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing. (ISO 139:1973) ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods. EN 10002-2, Metallic materials Tensile testing Part 2: Verification of the force measuring system
29、 of the tensile testing machines. EN 30012-1, Quality assurance requirements for measuring equipment Part 1: Metrological confirmation system for measuring equipment. (ISO 10012-1:1992) 3 Definitions For the purposes of this part of EN ISO 13934 the following definitions apply: 3.1 constant-rate-of-
30、extension (CRE) testing machine tensile-testing machine provided with one clamp which is stationary and another clamp which moves with a constant speed throughout the test, the entire testing system being virtually free from deflection (EN ISO 13934-1) 3.2 grab test tensile test in which only the ce
31、ntre part of the test specimen is gripped in the jaws of the testing machine 3.3 maximum force the maximum force recorded when a test specimen is taken to rupture during a test under the specified conditions (EN ISO 13934-1) 3.4 gauge length distance between the two effective clamping points of a te
32、sting device NOTEThe effective clamping points (or lines) of jaws can be checked by clamping a test specimen under specified pretension with carbon copy paper to produce a gripping pattern on the test specimen and/or the jaw faces (EN ISO 13934-1). 4 Principle A fabric test specimen is gripped in it
33、s centre part by jaws of specified dimensions is extended at constant rate until it ruptures. The maximum force is recorded. EN ISO 13934-2:1999 4 BSI 03-2000 5 Sampling Select samples either in accordance with the procedure laid down in the material specification for the fabric, or as agreed betwee
34、n the interested parties. In the absence of an appropriate material specification the example of a suitable sampling procedure given in Annex A may be used. An example of a suitable pattern for cutting test specimens from the laboratory sample is given in Annex B. Avoid test specimens with folded or
35、 creased areas, selvedges and areas not representative of the fabric. 6 Apparatus 6.1 CRE machine Metrological confirmation system of the tensile-testing machine shall be in accordance with EN 30012-1. The constant-rate-of-extension (CRE) machine shall have the general characteristics given in 6.1.1
36、 to 6.1.6. 6.1.1 The tensile-testing machine shall be provided with means for indicating or recording the force applied to the test specimen in stretching it to rupture. Under conditions of use, the accuracy of the apparatus shall be class 1 of EN 10002-2. The error of the indicated or recorded maxi
37、mum force at any point in the range in which the machine is used shall not exceed 1 %. 6.1.2 If a class 2 tensile-testing machine according to EN 10002-2 is to be used, this shall be stated in the test report. 6.1.3 If recording of force is obtained by means of data acquisition boards and software,
38、the frequency of data collection shall be at least eight per second. 6.1.4 The machine shall be capable of constant rate of extension of 50 mm/min, with an accuracy of 10 %. 6.1.5 The machine shall be capable of setting the gauge length to 100 mm or, if agreed, to 75 mm, to within 1 mm. 6.1.6 The cl
39、amping device of the machine shall be positioned with the central point of the two jaws in the line of applied force, the front edges shall be at right angles to the line of applied force and their clamping faces shall be in the same plane. The jaws shall be capable of holding the test specimen with
40、out allowing it to slip and designed so that they do not cut or otherwise weaken the test specimen. The faces of the jaws shall be smooth and flat, except that when, even with packing, the test specimen cannot be held satisfactorily with flat-faced jaws, engraved or corrugated jaws can be used to pr
41、event slippage. Other auxiliary materials for use with either smooth or corrugated jaws to improve specimen gripping include paper, leather, plastics or rubber. For the grab test the dimensional clamping area of the fabric shall be (25 mm 1 mm) (25 mm 1 mm). This area can be achieved by either metho
42、d a) or method b) described below and illustrated in Annex C. a) One clamp (25 mm) (40 mm min., preferably 50 mm), positioned with the wider direction of the clamp perpendicular to the line of application of the force; a second clamp of the same dimensions positioned perpendicular to the first so th
43、at the wider direction of the clamp is parallel to the direction of application of the force. b) One clamp (25 mm) (40 mm min., preferably 50 mm), positioned with the wider direction of the clamp perpendicular to the line of application of the force; a second clamp 25 mm 25 mm. 6.2 Equipment for cut
44、ting test specimens. 6.3 Equipment in which test specimens can be immersed in water preparatory to wet testing. 6.4 Grade 3 water in accordance with ISO 3696 for wetting test specimens. 6.5 Nonionic wetting agent 7 Atmosphere for conditioning and testing The atmospheres for preconditioning, conditio
45、ning and testing shall be as specified in EN 20139. NOTEIt is recommended that samples be conditioned for at least 24 h in the relaxed state. Preconditioning and conditioning are not required for tests in the wet condition. 8 Preparation of test specimens 8.1 General From each laboratory sample two
46、sets of test specimens shall be cut, one set in the warp direction and the other in the weft direction (or in the machine and cross-machine directions, where applicable). EN ISO 13934-2:1999 BSI 03-20005 Each set shall consist of at least five test specimens, except that if a higher degree of precis
47、ion is required, more test specimens shall be tested. In accordance with clause 5 and Annex B no test specimens shall be cut from within 150 mm of either edge of the laboratory sample. No test specimen taken from the warp direction shall contain the same longitudinal threads and no test specimen tak
48、en from the weft direction shall contain the same picks. 8.2 Dimensions The width of each test specimen shall be 100 mm 2 mm and its length shall be long enough to secure the gauge length of 100 mm. 8.3 Preparation of test specimens On each test specimen a line shall be drawn at a distance of 38 mm
49、from one edge, parallel to either warp or weft threads or where applicable machine or cross-machine direction, running the full length of the test specimen. 8.4 Wet test specimens 8.4.1 When the maximum force of the wet fabric is required in addition to the maximum force when dry, test specimens of the appropriate width and at least twice as long as the test specimens required for a dry test shall be cut (see Annex B). Each end of each strip shall be numbered, and then each test specimen shall be cu