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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 1762:2001 Paper, board and pulps Determination of residue (ash) on ignition at 525 ? ? ? ?C ICS 85.040 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 08:27:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c)
2、 BSI BS ISO 1762:2001 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Policy and Strategy Committee for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 January 2002 BSI 28 January 2002 ISBN 0 580 38862 X Na
3、tional foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 1762:2001 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PAI/11, Methods of test for paper, board and pulps, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizat
4、ions represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondenc
5、e Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of its
6、elf confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and
7、promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii and iii, a blank page, pages 1 to 4, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last is
8、sued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 08:27:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1762 Second edition 2001-12-01 Reference number ISO 1762:2001(E) OSI 2001 Paper, board and pulps Deter
9、mination of residue (ash) on ignition at 525 C Papier, carton et ptes Dtermination du rsidu (cendres) aprs incinration 525 C Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 08:27:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 08:27:51 G
10、MT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 1762:2001(E) iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical com
11、mittees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
12、 International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the membe
13、r bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible
14、for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 1762 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 6, Paper, board and pulps. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 1762:1974). In this revision of the 1974 edition, the ignition temperature has been cha
15、nged from 575 C to 525 C to minimize the decomposition of calcium carbonate. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 08:27:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 08:27:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI INT
16、ERNATIONAL STANDARDISO 1762:2001(E) 1 Paper, board and pulps Determination of residue (ash) on ignition at 525 C 1Scope This International Standard describes the determination of the residue (ash) on ignition of paper, board and pulp at . It is applicable to all types of paper, board and pulp sample
17、s. The ash may consist of a)mineral matter in the pulp and various residues from chemicals used in its manufacture, b)metallic matter from piping and machinery, and c)fillers, pigments, coatings or residues from various additives. In samples containing calcium carbonate, there is practically no deco
18、mposition of carbonate by ashing at . Other fillers and pigments such as clay and titanium dioxide are also unaffected by ashing at . Accordingly, the residue on ignition as determined by this International Standard provides a good estimate of the total inorganic matter in the sample, provided that
19、the sample does not contain other minerals which decompose at or below this temperature. For example, magnesium carbonate and calcium sulfate may, at least partly, decompose at temperatures below . 2Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in
20、 this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the
21、 most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 186:1), Paper and board Sampling to determine average
22、quality ISO 287:1985, Paper and board Determination of moisture content Oven-drying method ISO 638:1978, Pulps Determination of dry matter content ISO 7213:1981, Pulps Sampling for testing 3Term and definition For the purposes of this International Standard, the following term and definition applies
23、. 3.1 residue on ignition ash on ignition mass of the residue remaining after a sample of paper, board or pulp is ignited in a furnace at as specified in this International Standard 1)To be published. (Revision of ISO 186:1994) 525 C 525 C 525 C 525 C 525 C 25 C Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldu
24、n, na, Mon Nov 27 08:27:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 1762:2001(E) 2 4Principle A test specimen is weighed in a heat-resistant crucible and ignited in a muffle furnace at . The moisture content of a separate test specimen is also measured. The percentage ash is then determined, o
25、n a moisture-free basis, from the weight of residue after ignition and the moisture content of the sample. 5Apparatus 5.1Heat-resistant crucibles, made of platinum, porcelain, or silica, with a capacity of to . 5.2Muffle furnace, capable of maintaining a temperature of . It is recommended to place t
26、he furnace in a hood or to provide means for evacuating smoke and fumes. 5.3Analytical balance, accurate to . 5.4Desiccator. 6Sampling and preparation of sample If the analysis is being done to evaluate a lot, obtain a representative sample of paper, board or pulp as described in ISO 186 or ISO 7213
27、, as relevant. Sufficient sample must be collected to allow for at least duplicate determinations and for determination of moisture content. Take a test specimen consisting of small pieces, not larger than , taken from various parts of the sample in such a manner as to be thoroughly representative o
28、f it. The total mass shall be at least moisture free and shall yield a weight of ash not less than and preferably over . See the note in clause 7. In a similar manner, obtain a moisture specimen from the sample. 7Procedure Carry out the procedure in duplicate. Air-dry the test and moisture specimens
29、 in the laboratory atmosphere until they reach equilibrium moisture. Determine the moisture content on the moisture specimen as described in ISO 287 or ISO 638, as relevant. Weigh this specimen at the same time as the specimen used for ash determination. Heat the empty crucible (5.1) for to in the m
30、uffle furnace (5.2) at . Cool it to room temperature in a desiccator. Weigh the empty crucible to the nearest . Add the test specimen and immediately weigh again. Place the crucible containing the test specimen in the furnace at room temperature and gradually raise the temperature to (about ) in ord
31、er to burn the sample without it bursting into flames, and to ensure that no material is lost in the form of flying particles. Maintain the ignition temperature of for at least in the case of pulp and board samples and at least for paper samples. The specimen shall be completely charred as indicated
32、 by the absence of black particles. Remove the crucible from the furnace, and cool it to room temperature in a desiccator. Weigh the crucible and content to the nearest . NOTEIf the sample has a very low residue on ignition (for example in the case of so-called ashless grades), it may be necessary t
33、o use several portions of the sample which are then ignited consecutively in the same crucible, in order to obtain a total residue of at least . 525 C 25 C 50 ml100 ml 525 C 25 C 0,1 mg 1 cm2 1 g10 mg20 mg 30 min60 min525 C 25 C 0,1 mg 525 C 200 C/h 525 C 2 h3 h 0,1 mg 10 mg Licensed Copy: sheffield
34、un sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 08:27:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 1762:2001(E) 3 8Calculation Calculate the percentage residue on ignition as follows: where is the residue on ignition, as a percentage of the mass of the oven-dry sample; is the mass, in grams, of the residue (mas
35、s of crucible with residue, minus that of the empty crucible); is the mass, in grams, of the sample, on an oven-dry basis. This is determined from the average of the duplicate moisture content determinations. Report the mean of duplicate determinations to the nearest for samples with residue on igni
36、tion above , and to the nearest for samples with residue below . 9Precision 9.1Repeatability In a study performed by one laboratory, the residue on ignition of a wide range of samples, including pulp, newsprint, uncoated paper, coated paper and paperboard was determined as specified in this Internat
37、ional Standard. Mean values and coefficients of variations for each type of sample are shown in Table 1. 9.2Reproducibility Five samples, representing different types of paper and paperboard, were analysed by 15 laboratories, as specified in this International Standard. Mean values and coefficients
38、of variations between laboratories are shown in Table 2. Table 1 Sample Number of determinationa Mean value Coefficient of variation Chemical and mechanical pulp60,711,4 Newsprint33,500,29 Uncoated printing paper529,40,10 Coated printing paper1337,30,24 Paperboard33,062,6 a Different samples were us
39、ed for each type of material. Table 2 Sample Mean valueCoefficient of variation between laboratories Copy papera9,331,95 Coated paper 1a32,02,41 Coated paper 2a25,61,99 Paperboard 11,431,96 Paperboard 2a0,554,02 a For each of these four samples, the results are based on those of 14 laboratories. X =
40、 100mr ms X mr ms 0,1 %1 % 0,01 %1 % % % Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 08:27:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 1762:2001(E) 4 10Test report The test report shall include the following information: a)a reference to this International Standard; b)date and place
41、 of testing; c)complete identification of the sample tested; d)the result, expressed as indicated in clause 8; e)any departure from the procedure described in this International Standard or any other circumstances which may have affected the result. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon No
42、v 27 08:27:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 08:27:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 1762:2001 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSI British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body r
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