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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 1437:2007 Rubber compounding ingredients Carbon black Determination of sieve residue ICS 83.040.20 ? Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed May 16 04:17:05 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 1437:2007 This British Standar
2、d was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2007 BSI 2007 ISBN 978 0 580 50746 5 National foreword This British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of ISO 1437:2007. It supersedes BS 5293-6:1992 which is withdrawn. The UK partic
3、ipation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/50, Rubber Raw, natural and synthetic, including latex and carbon black. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessa
4、ry provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed M
5、ay 16 04:17:05 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference number ISO 1437:2007(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1437 Fourth edition 2007-04-15 Rubber compounding ingredients Carbon black Determination of sieve residue Ingrdients de mlange du caoutchouc Noir de carbone Dtermination du refus su
6、r tamis BS ISO 1437:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed May 16 04:17:05 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed May 16 04:17:05 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c)
7、BSI iii Contents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references. 1 3 Principle. 1 4 Apparatus 1 5 Procedure 3 6 Expression of results . 3 7 Precision and bias 4 8 Test report . 5 Bibliography. 6 BS ISO 1437:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed May
8、16 04:17:05 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committe
9、es. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the Inte
10、rnational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International S
11、tandards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the su
12、bject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 1437 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 45, Rubber and rubber products, Subcommittee SC 3, Raw materials (including latex) for use in the rubber industry. This fourth edition cancels
13、and replaces the third edition (ISO 1437:1992), of which it constitutes a minor revision. The following changes have been made: the temperature at which the sieve residue is dried has been fixed at 125 C (previously, there was a choice between 105 C and 125 C); precision data have been introduced. B
14、S ISO 1437:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed May 16 04:17:05 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 1 Rubber compounding ingredients Carbon black Determination of sieve residue WARNING Persons using this International Standard should be familiar
15、with normal laboratory practice. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions. 1 Scope
16、This International Standard specifies a method for determining the water-wash sieve residue from regular, untreated carbon black for the rubber industry. It may not be applicable to oil-treated blacks because the oil could prevent proper wetting of the black by water. 2 Normative references The foll
17、owing referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 565, Test sieves Metal wire cloth, perforated metal p
18、late and electroformed sheet Nominal sizes of openings ISO/TR 9272:2005, Rubber and rubber products Determination of precision for test method standards 3 Principle A known mass of carbon black is washed through a test sieve by a controlled flow of water, and the residue dried and weighed. The test
19、sieve aperture is chosen from the range given in the appropriate material specification. 4 Apparatus 4.1 Sieving apparatus (see Figure 1), comprising the following main items: 4.1.1 Test sieve, on which the residue is retained. Test sieves shall be of phosphor bronze or stainless steel, having the c
20、haracteristics described in ISO 565. Typical nominal apertures are 500 m, 125 m and 45 m. NOTE By mutual agreement between the interested parties, it is permissible to use sieves with a different aperture size. 4.1.2 Funnel or container, into the bottom of which the test sieve fits. 4.1.3 Nozzle, fe
21、d with clean water under controlled pressure by which the carbon black is washed through the sieve. BS ISO 1437:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed May 16 04:17:05 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 2 4.1.4 Water pressure regulating device. 4.1
22、.5 Filter, in the water supply line, incorporating a wire screen at least as fine as that in the test sieve. The tubing downstream of the filter shall not be liable to corrosion by tap water (use copper or stainless steel, for example). NOTE Suitable apparatus includes the Gallie-Porrit type of appa
23、ratus and the one described in ASTM D1514-04. Key 1 water filter 2 regulating valve 3 pressure gauge 4 nozzle 5 funnel or container 6 sieve Figure 1 Schematic diagram of apparatus 4.2 Balance, with an accuracy of 0,1 g. 4.3 Analytical balance, with an accuracy of 0,1 mg. 4.4 Weighing dishes. 4.5 Ove
24、n, gravity-convection type, capable of temperature regulation within 1 C at 125 C and temperature uniformity of 5 C. BS ISO 1437:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed May 16 04:17:05 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 3 5 Procedure 5.1 Precaution
25、s 5.1.1 Keep the apparatus clean at all times to prevent contamination. 5.1.2 Examine the sieve each time it is used to make sure no cracks or holes develop. 5.1.3 Examine the wire screen in the filter periodically to ascertain if the filter screen is in good condition. 5.2 Determination 5.2.1 Clean
26、 the filter used in the water line before starting a test. 5.2.2 Regulate the water pressure to the recommended pressure of (0,2 0,04) MPa. Attach a sieve (4.1.1) of the specified aperture to the funnel or container (4.1.2) and allow water to flow through it for 3 min. Examine the sieve for particle
27、s. If none are observed, the apparatus is ready for use. 5.2.3 Weigh, to the nearest 0,1 g, a test portion of carbon black of at least 100 g. 5.2.4 Start the water flow. Carefully add carbon black to the funnel or container, taking care to prevent plugging of the sieve. NOTE A wetting agent may be u
28、sed before starting the water flow. 5.2.5 Wash down the carbon black from the funnel or container sides. Continue to wash the residue on the sieve until the wash water coming through the sieve is clear. 5.2.6 Remove the sieve and rub the residue lightly with the finger to break up any agglomerates o
29、f carbon black which have not been thoroughly wetted by the water. Do not exert so much pressure with the finger that the sieve mesh is distorted. 5.2.7 Replace the sieve and wash for an additional 2 min. 5.2.8 Remove the sieve and dry in the oven (4.5) at 125 C for 1 h. 5.2.9 Transfer the dried res
30、idue to a piece of smooth, white bond paper and rub gently to remove any carbon black remaining in the residue. Rub until the white paper no longer shows any smears. 5.2.10 Transfer the residue to a tared weighing dish (4.4) and weigh to the nearest 0,1 mg. 6 Expression of results Either calculate t
31、he sieve residue R expressed in parts per million (mg/kg) using the equation 61 0 10 m R m = or calculate the sieve residue R expressed as a percentage (%) using the equation 1 0 100 m R m = where m0 is the mass of the test portion, in grams (g); m1 is the mass of the residue retained on the sieve,
32、in grams (g). BS ISO 1437:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed May 16 04:17:05 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 4 7 Precision and bias 7.1 Precision 7.1.1 The precision of this test method was determined in accordance with ISO/TR 9272:2005, le
33、vel 2 method. Refer to ISO/TR 9272:2005 for terminology and other statistical details. 7.1.2 The precision results give an estimate of the precision to be expected. The precision parameters shall not be used for acceptance/rejection testing of any group of materials without documentation that they a
34、re applicable to those particular materials and the specific testing protocols that include this test method. 7.1.3 A type 1 precision interlaboratory-trials programme was conducted. Both the repeatability and the reproducibility determined represent short-term testing conditions. 16 laboratories te
35、sted two carbon blacks, twice on each of two different days: one with a considerable level and one with a very high level of sieve residue. Therefore, p = 16, q = 2 and n = 4. A test result is the value obtained from a single determination. Acceptable difference values were not measured. 7.1.4 The r
36、esults of the precision calculations are given in Table 1, with the materials arranged in descending order of mean sieve residue. Outliers have been removed. The number of laboratories remaining after outlier deletion is given in Table 1. Table 1 Precision calculations Within-laboratory Between labo
37、ratories Material Number of laboratories Mean sieve residue mg/kg (ppm) sr r (r) sR R (R) A 13 98,6 10,14 28,69 29,09 30,10 89,85 91,11 B 15 362,0 55,88 158,04 43,66 194,37 572,02 158,01 Average 14 230,3 Pooled values 40,16 113,58 37,10 139,08 409,44 128,97 The symbols used are defined as follows: s
38、r is the within-laboratory standard deviation; r is the repeatability (in measurement units); (r) is the repeatability (in percent); sR is the between-laboratory standard deviation; R is the reproducibility (in measurement units); (R) is the reproducibility (in percent). 7.1.5 The precision for the
39、pooled values of the sieve residue may be expressed as follows: a) Repeatability The repeatability (r) for the sieve residue has been established as 37,1 %. Two single test results (or determinations) that differ by more than 37,1 %, shall be considered suspect and dictate that some appropriate inve
40、stigative action be taken. b) Reproducibility The reproducibility (R) for the sieve residue has been established as 129,0 %. Two single test results (or determinations), produced in separate laboratories, that differ by more than 129,0 %, shall be considered suspect and dictate that some appropriate
41、 investigative action be taken. BS ISO 1437:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed May 16 04:17:05 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 5 7.2 Bias In test method terminology, bias is the difference between an average test value and a reference (true
42、) test property value. Reference values do not exist for this test method since the value of the test property is exclusively defined by the test method. Bias, therefore, cannot be determined. 8 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) a reference to this International
43、 Standard; b) all details necessary for the identification of the sample; c) the nominal values of the sieve apertures; d) the type of apparatus used and the water pressure; e) the results and the units in which the results were expressed; f) the date of the test. BS ISO 1437:2007 Licensed Copy: Lon
44、don South Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed May 16 04:17:05 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 6 Bibliography 1 ASTM D 1514-04, Standard Test Method for Carbon Black Sieve Residue BS ISO 1437:2007 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed
45、 May 16 04:17:05 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI blank Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Wed May 16 04:17:05 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 1437:2007 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSI British Standards Institution BSI
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