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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO/IEC 19794-1:2006 Information technology Biometric data interchange formats Part 1: Framework ICS 35.040 ? Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Mon Jan 22 07:46:24 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO/IEC 19794-1:2006 This Bri
2、tish Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 April 2006 BSI 2006 ISBN 0 580 48183 2 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO/IEC 19794-1:2006 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its prep
3、aration was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/44, Biometrics, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this d
4、ocument may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contra
5、ct. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for
6、 change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO/IEC title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 15 and a back cover. The BSI
7、copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Mon Jan 22 07:46:24 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference numbe
8、r ISO/IEC 19794-1:2006(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 19794-1 First edition 2006-04-01 Information technology Biometric data interchange formats Part 1: Framework Technologies de linformation Formats dchange de donnes biomtriques Partie 1: Cadre gnral BS ISO/IEC 19794-1:2006 Licensed Copy: London
9、 South Bank University, London South Bank University, Mon Jan 22 07:46:24 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Mon Jan 22 07:46:24 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction
10、v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions1 4 Abbreviated terms.4 5 General biometric system .4 5.1 Conceptual diagram of general biometric system4 5.2 Conceptual components of a general biometric system5 5.2.1 Data capture subsystem .5 5.2.2 Transmission subsystem.5 5.2.3 Signal pro
11、cessing subsystem5 5.2.4 Data storage subsystem .5 5.2.5 Matching subsystem .5 5.2.6 Decision subsystem5 5.2.7 Administration subsystem .6 5.2.8 Interface6 5.3 Functions of general biometric system6 5.3.1 Enrolment6 5.3.2 Verification7 5.3.3 Identification7 6 Usage context of biometric data intercha
12、nge formats8 7 General aspects of the usage of biometric data for interchange8 7.1 Introduction.8 7.2 Natural variability 8 7.3 Aging and usage duration .9 7.4 Enrolment conditions.9 7.5 Feature extraction algorithms9 7.6 Feature matching algorithms.9 7.7 Capture device type ID9 7.8 Multi-modal data
13、 structures.9 8 Processing level of data formats for interchange.9 8.1 Processing levels according to ISO/IEC 19785-19 8.2 Sensor data.10 8.3 Image data10 8.4 Behavioural data.10 8.5 Feature data10 8.6 Naming concept for biometric data structures.11 8.7 Requirements for standardizing biometric data
14、formats 11 9 Multi-biometrics.11 10 Sensor requirements.12 11 Format owner and format types 12 11.1 Format owner12 11.2 Format types.12 Annex A (informative) Examples of matching scenarios .13 Bibliography.15 BS ISO/IEC 19794-1:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank Univ
15、ersity, Mon Jan 22 07:46:24 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commis- sion) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or
16、IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, go
17、vernmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives,
18、 Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Stan- dards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the nat
19、ional bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 19794-1 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IE
20、C JTC 1, Information technology, Sub- committee SC 37, Biometrics. ISO/IEC 19794 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Biometric data interchange formats: Part 1: Framework Part 2: Finger minutiae data Part 3: Finger pattern spectral data Part 4: Finger imag
21、e data Part 5: Face image data Part 6: Iris image data Part 7: Signature/sign time series data Part 8: Finger pattern skeletal data Part 9: Vascular image data Part 10: Hand geometry silhouette data Part 11: Signature/sign processed dynamic data The following part is under preparation: BS ISO/IEC 19
22、794-1:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Mon Jan 22 07:46:24 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI v Introduction This part of ISO/IEC 19794 is intended to describe the general aspects and requirements for defining biomet- ric data interchange format
23、s. The notation and transfer formats provide platform independence and separation of transfer syntax from con- tent definition. This part of ISO/IEC 19794 defines what is commonly applied for biometric data formats, i.e. the standardization of the common content, meaning, and representation of biome
24、tric data formats of biometric types considered in the specific parts of ISO/IEC 19794. Figure 1 shows the interrelation of biometric-related ISO/IEC standardization fields. Biometric data complying with a biometric data interchange format of ISO/IEC 19794 represent the core component of biometric i
25、nteroperability. Biometric formats frameworks such as ISO/IEC 19785 (CBEFF) serve as a wrapper around biometric data. Since biometric data are sensitive data and subject to attack, cryptographic protection is required in interchange environments. Biometric properties with respect to profiles, securi
26、ty evaluation and performance also play an important role. Biometric interfaces are essential to facilitate easy integration and usage of biometric components. The emerging harmonized vocabulary is recommended for use in describing biometric technology. The deployment of applications using biometric
27、 verification or identification takes place within the context of societal and cross-jurisdictional requirements. Biometric Data Interchange Formats Biometric Formats Framework (CBEFF, LDS) Biometric Data Security Attributes (Confidentiality, Integrity) Biometric System Properties (Biometric Profile
28、s, Security Evaluation, Performance Evaluation) Biometric Interfaces (BioAPI, BioAMI, Card Interface, .) Harmonized Biometric Vocabulary Societal and Jurisdictional Issues Biometric Data Interchange Formats Biometric Formats Framework (CBEFF, LDS) Biometric Data Security Attributes (Confidentiality,
29、 Integrity) Biometric System Properties (Biometric Profiles, Security Evaluation, Performance Evaluation) Biometric Interfaces (BioAPI, BioAMI, Card Interface, .) Harmonized Biometric Vocabulary Societal and Jurisdictional Issues Figure 1 General interrelation model of biometric issues BS ISO/IEC 19
30、794-1:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Mon Jan 22 07:46:24 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI blank Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Mon Jan 22 07:46:24 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 1 Infor
31、mation technology Biometric data interchange formats Part 1: Framework 1 Scope This part of ISO/IEC 19794 specifies general aspects for the usage of biometric data structures, the types of biometric data structure, a naming concept for biometric data structures, a coding scheme for format types. Bio
32、metric data include but are not limited to finger minutiae, finger pattern, finger image, face image, iris image and signature/sign behavioural data. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated refer- ences, only the edi
33、tion cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/IEC 7816-11:2004, Identification cards Integrated circuit cards Part 11: Personal verification through biometric methods ISO/IEC 19785-1:, Information technology Common B
34、iometric Exchange Formats Framework Part 1: Data element specification 1 ISO/IEC 19785-3:, Information technology Common Biometric Exchange Formats Framework Part 3: Patron format specifications 1 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3
35、.1 biometric pertaining to the field of biometrics 1 To be published. BS ISO/IEC 19794-1:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Mon Jan 22 07:46:24 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 2 3.2 biometrics automated recognition of living persons based on ob
36、servation of behavioural and biological (anatomical and physiological) characteristics 3.3 biometric algorithm sequence of instructions that tell a biometric system how to solve a particular problem NOTE A biometric algorithm will have a finite number of steps and is typically used by the biometric
37、system software to decide whether biometric verification or identification data and a biometric template match. 3.4 biometric behavioural data biometric data resulting from a dynamic action of the user EXAMPLE data resulting from writing, speaking, or typing 3.5 biometric data any data representing
38、a biometric characteristic EXAMPLE sensor data, image data, behavioural data, feature data 3.6 biometric feature representation of a biometric characteristic that can be used by a biometric algorithm for the purpose of com- paring data sets of the same biometric type with each other NOTE The biometr
39、ic feature may be composed of individual biometric feature data units. 3.7 biometric feature data unit smallest individual unit of extracted feature data EXAMPLE minutia of a fingerprint 3.8 biometric feature extraction process of converting pre-processed sensor data into a biometric template, verif
40、ication or identification data so that it can be compared with other extracted feature data 3.9 biometric identification one-to-many process of comparing submitted biometric data against all records of a database to determine whether it matches and, if so, to identify the respective person 3.10 biom
41、etric identification data data acquired during an identification process for comparison with several biometric templates 3.11 biometric image data pre-processed biometric data that result from the presentation of a physiological (i.e. static) biometric feature of a user and are represented by pixels
42、 in a spatial coordinate system EXAMPLE fingerprint image data BS ISO/IEC 19794-1:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Mon Jan 22 07:46:24 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 3 3.12 biometric information information needed by the feature extraction a
43、nd data formatting components of a biometric system to con- struct the biometric verification or identification data 3.13 biometric template biometric sample or combination of biometric samples that is suitable for storage as a reference for future comparison 3.14 biometric sample information obtain
44、ed from a biometric device, either directly or after processing 3.15 biometric system automated system capable of capturing biometric sensor data from a user, extracting feature data from that processed acquired data, comparing the processed feature data with those contained in one or more biometric
45、 templates, deciding how well they match, and indicating whether or not an identification or verification of iden- tity has been achieved 3.16 biometric type type of biometric technology EXAMPLE fingerprint 3.17 biometric verification automated process of assessing a claim that submitted biometric s
46、ample(s) and a stored biometric template are from the same source 3.18 biometric verification data data acquired during a verification process for comparison with the biometric template 3.19 enrolment process of collecting biometric data from a person and the subsequent preparation and storage of bi
47、ometric templates representing that persons identity 3.20 intermediate biometric sample biometric sample obtained by processing an acquired biometric sample, intended for further processing 3.21 matching process of comparing biometric data with a previously stored biometric template and scoring the
48、level of similarity NOTE An accept or reject decision is then based on whether this score exceeds the given threshold. 3.22 processed biometric sample biometric sample suitable for comparison BS ISO/IEC 19794-1:2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Mon Jan 2
49、2 07:46:24 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 4 3.23 acquired biometric sample raw biometric sample biometric sample obtained directly from an individual by means of a biometric capture device 4 Abbreviated terms For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviated terms apply. API Application Programming Interface BDB Biometric Data Block CBEFF Common Biometric Exchange Format