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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 6385:2004 Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1 Ergonomic principles in the design of work systems The European Standard EN ISO 6385:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.180 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:15:13 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolle
2、d Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 6385:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 25 February 2004 BSI 2 April 2004 ISBN 0 580 43488 5 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 6385:2004. It
3、is identical with ISO 6385:2004. It supersedes DD 202:1991 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PH/9, Applied ergonomics, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to i
4、ts secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electroni
5、c Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to under
6、stand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprise
7、s a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, the EN ISO foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 11 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publicati
8、on Amd. No. DateComments 150632 April 2004Correction to EN ISO Foreword Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:15:13 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 6385 February 2004 ICS 13.180Supersedes ENV 26385:1990 English v
9、ersion Ergonomic principles in the design of work systems (ISO 6385:2004) Principes ergonomiques de la conception des systmes de travail (ISO 6385:2004) Grundstze der Ergonomie fr die Gestaltung von Arbeitssystemen (ISO 6385:2004) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 January 2004. CEN me
10、mbers are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on applica
11、tion to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the
12、 same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovaki
13、a, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2004 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide f
14、or CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 6385:2004: E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:15:13 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI I NESO 36:5802( 40E) 2 CORRECTED 2004-02-25 Foreword This document (EN ISO 6385:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 “
15、Ergonomics“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2004, and conflicting
16、 national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2004. This document supersedes ENV 26385:1990. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Cz
17、ech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 6385:2004 has been ap
18、proved by CEN as EN ISO 6385:2004 without any modifications. EN ISO 6385:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:15:13 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference number ISO 6385:2004(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6385 Second edition 2004-02-01 Ergonomic principles in
19、 the design of work systems Principes ergonomiques de la conception des systmes de travail EN ISO 6385:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:15:13 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii EN ISO 6385:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:15:13 G
20、MT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iii Contents Page Forewordiv Introduction v 1 Scope1 2 Terms and definitions.1 3 Designing work systems3 3.1 General principles.3 3.2 Work system design process 4 3.3 Formulation of goals (requirements analysis).4 3.4 Analysis and allocation of functions 4 3
21、.5 Design concept .5 3.6 Detailed design5 3.7 Realization, implementation and validation.9 4 Evaluation9 Bibliography .11 EN ISO 6385:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:15:13 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for St
22、andardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the rig
23、ht to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International
24、 Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as a
25、n International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO
26、6385 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 1, Ergonomic guiding principles. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 6385:1981), which has been technically revised. EN ISO 6385:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02
27、:15:13 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI v Introduction Technological, economic, organizational and human factors affect the work behaviour and well-being of people as part of a work system. Applying ergonomic knowledge in the light of practical experience in the design of a work system is
28、intended to satisfy human requirements. This International Standard provides a basic ergonomic framework for professionals and other people who deal with the issues of ergonomics, work systems and working situations. The provisions of this International Standard will also apply to the design of prod
29、ucts, e.g. consumer products. In the design of work systems in accordance with this International Standard, the body of knowledge in the field of ergonomics is taken into account. Ergonomic evaluations of existing or new work systems will show the need for, and encourage attention to, the role of th
30、e worker within those systems. EN ISO 6385:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:15:13 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:15:13 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 1 Ergonomic principles in the design o
31、f work systems 1 Scope This International Standard establishes the fundamental principles of ergonomics as basic guidelines for the design of work systems and defines relevant basic terms. It describes an integrated approach to the design of work systems, where ergonomists will cooperate with others
32、 involved in the design, with attention to the human, the social and the technical requirements in a balanced manner during the design process. Users of this International Standard will include managers; workers (or their representatives); and professionals such as ergonomists, project managers and
33、designers who are involved in the design or redesign of work systems. Those who use this International Standard may find a general knowledge of ergonomics (human factors), engineering, design, quality and project management helpful. The term “work system” in this International Standard is used to in
34、dicate a large variety of working situations. The intention is to improve, (re)design or change work systems. A work system involves a combination of people and equipment, within a given space and environment, and the interactions between these components within a work organization. Work systems var
35、y in complexity and characteristics. Some examples of work systems are: a machine with a single person; a process plant including its operating and maintenance personnel; an airfield with users and personnel; an office with its workers; and computer-based interactive systems. The observance of ergon
36、omic principles applies also to the installation, adjustment, maintenance, cleaning, repair, removal and transport of work systems. The systems approach in this International Standard gives guidance to the users of this standard in existing and new situations. The definitions and ergonomic guiding p
37、rinciples specified in this International Standard apply to the design of optimal working conditions with regard to human well-being, safety and health, including the development of existing skills and the acquisition of new ones, whilst taking into account technological and economic effectiveness a
38、nd efficiency. While the principles in this International Standard are oriented to the design of work systems, they are applicable to any field of human activity, e.g. in the design of products for domestic and leisure activities. NOTE This International Standard is considered to be the core ergonom
39、ic standard from which many others on specific issues are derived. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 allocation of functions process of deciding how system functions shall be implemented, by humans, by equipment and/or hardware
40、and/or software 2.2 design population designated group of workers delimited as a percentile range of the general population, defined according to relevant characteristics, e.g. gender, age, skill level, etc. EN ISO 6385:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:15:13 GMT+00:00 2
41、006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 2 2.3 ergonomics study of human factors scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among human and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize human well-be
42、ing and overall system performance 2.4 job organization and sequence in time and space of an individuals work tasks or the combination of all human performance by one worker within a work system 2.5 system function broad category of activity performed by a system 2.6 work environment physical, chemi
43、cal, biological, organizational, social and cultural factors surrounding a worker 2.7 work equipment tools, including hardware and software, machines, vehicles, devices, furniture, installations and other components used in the work system 2.8 worker operator person performing one or more tasks with
44、in the work system 2.9 work fatigue mental or physical, local or general non-pathological manifestation of excessive strain, completely reversible with rest 2.10 work organization sequence and interaction of work systems fitted together to produce a specific result 2.11 work process sequence in time
45、 and space of the interaction of workers, work equipment, materials, energy and information within a work system 2.12 workstation combination and spatial arrangement of work equipment, surrounded by the work environment under the conditions imposed by the work tasks 2.13 work strain internal respons
46、e of the worker to being exposed to work stress depending on his/her individual characteristics (e.g. size, age, capacities, abilities, skills, etc.) 2.14 work stress external load sum of those external conditions and demands in the work system which act to disturb a persons physiological and/or psy
47、chological state EN ISO 6385:2004 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:15:13 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 3 2.15 workspace a volume allocated to one or more persons in the work system to complete the work task 2.16 work system system comprising one or more workers
48、and work equipment acting together to perform the system function, in the workspace, in the work environment, under the conditions imposed by the work tasks 2.17 work task activity or set of activities required by the worker to achieve an intended outcome 3 Designing work systems 3.1 General princip
49、les In the design process, the major interactions between one or more people and the components of the work system, such as tasks, equipment, workspace and environment, shall be considered. These interactions create demands on the worker that together constitute the work stress. This work stress will result in reactions within the worker, depending on her/his individual characteristics (e.g. size, age, capacities, abilities, skills, etc.) called work strain. Work strain wi