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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 13935-1:1999 Textiles Seam tensile properties of fabrics and made-up textile articles Part 1: Determination of maximum force to seam rupture using the strip method The European Standard EN ISO 13935-1:1999 has the status of a British Standard ICS 59.080.30 BS EN ISO 13935-
2、1:1999 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 May 1999 BSI 03-2000 ISBN 0 580 32512 1 National foreword This British Standard is the
3、English language version of EN ISO 13935-1:1999. It is identical with ISO 13935-1:1999. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TCI/24, Physical testing of textiles, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible
4、 international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request
5、to its secretary. Cross-references Attention is drawn to the fact that CEN and CENELEC Standards normally include an annex which lists normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications. The British Standards which implement these international or Europ
6、ean publications may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract
7、. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN ISO title page, pages 2 to 8
8、 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments BS EN ISO 13935-1:1999 BSI 03-2000i Contents Page Nationa
9、l forewordInside front cover Foreword2 Text of EN ISO 13935-13 ii blank EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 13935-1 February 1999 ICS 59.080.10 Descriptors: Textiles, textile products, fabrics, sewing, tensile strength, tear strength, tests, determination, breaking load English
10、version Textiles Seam tensile properties of fabrics and made-up textile articles Part 1: Determination of maximum force to seam rupture using the strip method (ISO 13935-1:1999) Textiles Proprits de rsistance la traction des coutures dtoffes et darticles textiles confectionns Partie 1: Dtermination
11、de la force maximale avant rupture des coutures par la mthode sur bande (ISO 13935-1:1999) Textilien Zugversuche an Nhten in textlien Flchengebilden und Konfektionstextilien Teil 1: Bestimmung der Hchstzugkraft von Nhten mit dem Streifen-Zugversuch (ISO 13935-1:1999) This European Standard was appro
12、ved by CEN on 21 November 1998. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationa
13、l standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notif
14、ied to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland an
15、d United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1999 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. E
16、N ISO 13935-1:1999 E EN ISO 13935-1:1999 2 BSI 03-2000 Foreword The text of EN ISO 13935-2:1999 has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 248 “Textiles and textile products”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 38 “Textiles”. This European
17、Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 1999, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 1999. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national s
18、tandards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Content
19、s Page Foreword2 Introduction3 1Scope3 2Normative references3 3Definitions3 4Principle4 5Sampling4 6Apparatus4 7Atmosphere for conditioning and testing4 8Preparation of seams and of test specimens 4 9Procedure6 10Calculation and expression of results6 11Test report7 Annex A (informative) Bibliograph
20、y8 Figure 1 Laboratory sample with seams and indication of test specimens5 Figure 2 Test specimen shaded areas to be frayed down5 Figure 3 Test specimen ready for testing6 EN ISO 13935-1:1999 BSI 03-20003 Introduction This part of EN ISO 13935 has been prepared in the context of several test methods
21、 for determination of certain mechanical properties of textiles using mainly tensile testing machines, e.g. tensile properties, seam tensile properties, tear properties, seam slippage. The procedure for these standards agree where appropriate. The results obtained by one of the methods should not be
22、 compared with those obtained by the other methods. See Annex A for informative references. EN ISO 13935 consists of the following parts, under the general title Textiles Seam tensile properties of fabrics and made-up textile articles: Part 1: Determination of maximum force to seam rupture using the
23、 strip method; Part 2: Determination of maximum force to seam rupture using the grab method. Annex A of this part of EN ISO 13935 is for information only. Where it is intended to compare the seam maximum force values of sewn seams with the fabric maximum force, it is important to use the same type o
24、f test, test conditions and test specimens in the tests in this standard and EN ISO 13934-1 (see Annex A). 1 Scope This part of EN ISO 13935 specifies a procedure to determine the seam maximum force of sewn seams when the force is applied perpendicularly to the seam. This part EN ISO 13935 specifies
25、 the method known as the strip test. NOTEPart 2 of EN ISO 13935 describes the method known as the grab test. For informative references see Annex A. The method is mainly applicable to woven textile fabrics. It can be applicable to fabrics produced by other techniques. It is not normally applicable t
26、o woven elastic fabrics, geotextiles, nonwovens, coated fabrics, textile-glass woven fabrics and fabrics made from carbon fibres or polyolefin tape yarns (see Annex A). The sewn fabrics may be obtained from previously sewn articles or may be prepared from fabric samples, as agreed by the parties int
27、erested in the results. This method is applicable to straight seams only and not to curved seams. The method is restricted to the use of constant rate of extension (CRE) testing machines. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constit
28、ute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of th
29、e standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. EN 20139, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing. (ISO 139:1973) EN 10002-2, Metallic materials Tensile testing Part 2: Verification of the force measuring system of
30、 the tensile testing machines. EN 30012-1, Quality assurance requirements for measuring equipment Part 1: Metrological confirmation system for measuring equipment. (ISO 10012-1:1992) 3 Definitions For the purposes of this part of EN ISO 13935 the following definitions apply: 3.1 constant-rate-of-ext
31、ension (CRE) testing machine tensile-testing machine provided with one clamp which is stationary and another clamp which moves with a constant speed throughout the test, the entire testing system being virtually free from deflection (EN ISO 13934-1) 3.2 strip test tensile test in which the full widt
32、h of the test specimen is gripped in the jaws of the testing machine (EN ISO 13934-1) 3.3 maximum force to seam rupture maximum force recorded when a test specimen with a seam perpendicular to the direction of extension is taken to seam rupture during a tensile test under the specified conditions 3.
33、4 gauge length distance between the two effective clamping points of a testing device (EN ISO 13934-1) NOTEThe effective clamping points (or lines) of jaws can be checked by clamping a test specimen under defined pretension with carbon copy paper to produce a gripping pattern on the test specimen an
34、d/or the jaw faces (EN ISO 13934-1). EN ISO 13935-1:1999 4 BSI 03-2000 4 Principle A fabric test specimen of specified dimensions having a seam in the middle is extended perpendicularly to the seam at a constant rate until the seam ruptures. The maximum force to seam rupture is recorded. 5 Sampling
35、Select samples either in accordance with the procedure laid down in the material specification for the fabric, or as agreed between the interested parties. If preparation of seams prior to testing is required, avoid test specimens from folded or creased areas, selvedges and areas not representative
36、of the fabric. For seams obtained from previously sewn articles ensure that the test specimens contain seams in straight line only and are representative for the relevant seam type of the textile article. Record any details in the test report. 6 Apparatus 6.1 CRE machine Metrological confirmation sy
37、stem of the tensile-testing machine shall be in accordance with EN 30012-1. The constant-rate-of-extension (CRE) machine shall have the general characteristics given in 6.1.1 to 6.1.6. 6.1.1 The tensile-testing machine shall be provided with means for indicating or recording the force applied to the
38、 test specimen in stretching it to rupture. Under conditions of use, the accuracy of the apparatus shall be class 1 of EN 10002-2. The error of the indicated or recorded maximum force at any point in the range in which the machine is used shall not exceed 1 %. 6.1.2 If a class 2 tensile testing mach
39、ine according to EN 10002-2 is to be used, this shall be stated in the test report. 6.1.3 If recording of force is obtained by means of data acquisition boards and software, the frequency of data collection shall be at least eight per second. 6.1.4 The machine shall be capable of constant rate of ex
40、tension of 100 mm/min, with an accuracy of 10 %. 6.1.5 The machine shall be capable of setting the gauge length to 200 mm, to within 1 mm. 6.1.6 The clamping device of the machine shall be positioned with the centre of the two jaws in the line of applied force, the front edges shall be at right angl
41、es to the line of applied force and their clamping faces shall be in the same plane. The jaws shall be capable of holding the test specimen without allowing it to slip and designed so that they do not cut or otherwise weaken the test specimen. The faces of the jaws shall be smooth and flat, except t
42、hat when, even with packing, the test specimen cannot be held satisfactorily with flat-faced jaws, engraved or corrugated jaws can be used to prevent slippage. Other auxiliary materials for use with either smooth or corrugated jaws to improve specimen gripping include paper, leather, plastics or rub
43、ber. NOTEIf jaw breaks or slippage cannot be prevented with flat jaws, capstan jaws have often been found suitable. The jaws preferably should have a width of at least 60 mm but shall not be less than the width of the test specimen. 6.2 Equipment for sewing defined seams. 6.3 Equipment for cutting t
44、est specimens and for fraying them to obtain the required width. 7 Atmosphere for conditioning and testing The atmospheres for preconditioning, conditioning and testing shall be as specified in EN 20139. NOTEIt is recommended that samples be conditioned for at least 24 h in the relaxed state. 8 Prep
45、aration of seams and of test specimens 8.1 Preparation of seams, if required, before testing. Where the seams are to be prepared for testing, the interested parties shall agree on the conditions of sewing, including type of sewing threads, type of needle, type of seam, seam allowance and number of s
46、titches per unit length. The sewing machine shall be adjusted to give the correct conditions, using a spare piece of the fabric for testing. Cut a sample of the fabric 350 mm by at least 700 mm. Fold the sample in half with the fold parallel to the longer dimension, make the agreed seam in this dire
47、ction, and cut to give the agreed seam allowance. Seams may be sewn for testing parallel to the warp or weft direction, or both, as agreed between the interested parties. 8.2 Dimensions and preparation of test specimens. From each laboratory sample with seams cut a set of at least five test specimen
48、s of width 100 mm, as shown in Figure 1. When using seams prepared as described in 8.1, do not cut samples within 100 mm of either end of the prepared seam (see Figure 1). Make four cuts of 25 mm length at 10 mm distance from the seam as shown in Figure 2. EN ISO 13935-1:1999 BSI 03-20005 Fray down
49、the area shown as shaded in Figure 2, so that an effective sample width of 50 mm is obtained. In the area within 10 mm of the seam, the full width of 100 mm is maintained and the sample shape when ready for testing is as shown in Figure 3. NOTEFor many fabrics the width of 25 mm of the fringed area can be reduced by careful cutting before fraying. For fabrics which cannot be frayed in this manner alternatively cut test specimens to the size required, taking care that no part of the effective test specimen size